Exam 2: Chemical Basis of Life

Nitrogenous bases are important components of what type of organic compound?

The substance __________ is the most abundant compound in living material.

The smallest subatomic particles are the __________.

Galactose, glucose, and fructose are examples of what type of carbohydrate?

At the cellular level, physiology becomes the study of _________.

Carbon, oxygen, sodium, and hydrogen compose over 95% (by weight) of the human body.

C ₆H ₁₂O ₆ is an example of an __________ compound.

The __________ of an atom is determined by the electrons in its outermost shell.

The atomic ___________ of an atom of an element is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in its nucleus.

The type of nucleic acid called __________ consists of a single strand of nucleotides containing the sugar ribose.

A synthesis reaction occurs when two or more atoms (reactants) bond to form a more complex structure (product).

Atoms of different elements vary in size, weight, and ways they interact with other atoms.

A saltis a compound composed of oppositely charged ions.

As the concentration of hydrogen ions increases in a solution, the pH decreases.

A solution with a pH of 4 is __________ and a solution with a pH of 9 is __________.

Electrons are located in the __________ of an atom and they have an electrical charge that is __________.

Sodium and chloride ions readily combine because they have opposite charges.

A/an __________ reaction is illustrated as AB → A + B.

As hydrogen ion concentration of a solution increases, what change occurs in the pH value?

Cells use oxygen to release energy from glucose.