Question 1

Uric acid results from the metabolism of nucleic acids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Which of the following indicates the parts of a renal tubule in the correct sequence from beginning to end?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proximal convoluted tubule, ascending limb of the nephron loop, descending limb of the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule 
B)  Distal convoluted tubule, ascending limb of the nephron loop, descending limb of the nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  Proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb of the nephron loop, ascending limb of the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule 
D)  Descending limb of the nephron loop, ascending limb of the nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Descending limb of the nephron loop, ascending limb of the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, proximal convoluted tubule 
A)  Proximal convoluted tubule, ascending limb of the nephron loop, descending limb of the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule 
B)  Distal convoluted tubule, ascending limb of the nephron loop, descending limb of the nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  Proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb of the nephron loop, ascending limb of the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule 
D)  Descending limb of the nephron loop, ascending limb of the nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Descending limb of the nephron loop, ascending limb of the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, proximal convoluted tubule C

Question 3

The kidneys lie on the posterior abdominal wall within the peritoneal cavity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

In response to a decrease in concentration of blood __________, the kidneys secrete __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium; renin 
B)  oxygen; erythropoietin 
C)  sodium; aldosterone 
D)  potassium; ADH 
E)  glucose; insulin 
A)  calcium; renin 
B)  oxygen; erythropoietin 
C)  sodium; aldosterone 
D)  potassium; ADH 
E)  glucose; insulin

Question 5

The reabsorption of sodium under the influence of aldosteroneoccurs primarily in the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular capsule 
B)  nephron loop 
C)  proximal convoluted tubule 
D)  distal convoluted tubule 
E)  renal pelvis 
A)  glomerular capsule 
B)  nephron loop 
C)  proximal convoluted tubule 
D)  distal convoluted tubule 
E)  renal pelvis

Question 6

Most sodium reabsorption occurs in the __________ convoluted tubule of the nephron.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most sodium reabsorption occurs in the __________...

Question 7

Glomerular filtrate is nearly protein free.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What would happen if the arteriole that supplies blood to the glomerulus constricts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood flow into the efferent arteriole would increase. 
B)  The glomerular filtration rate would decrease. 
C)  The hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus would increase. 
D)  The protein concentration of the glomerular filtrate would increase. 
E)  The glomerular filtration rate would increase. 
A)  Blood flow into the efferent arteriole would increase. 
B)  The glomerular filtration rate would decrease. 
C)  The hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus would increase. 
D)  The protein concentration of the glomerular filtrate would increase. 
E)  The glomerular filtration rate would increase.

Question 9

Gout is a condition in which the plasma has an abnormally high concentration of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  uric acid 
B)  urea 
C)  calcium ions 
D)  amino acids 
E)  phosphate ions 
A)  uric acid 
B)  urea 
C)  calcium ions 
D)  amino acids 
E)  phosphate ions

Question 10

Which of the following is not part of the urine-formation process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glomerular filtration 
B)  Tubular reabsorption 
C)  Tubular secretion 
D)  Micturation 
A)  Glomerular filtration 
B)  Tubular reabsorption 
C)  Tubular secretion 
D)  Micturation

Question 11

Brian became dehydrated after a long run in the hot summer sun because he did not drink enough water. What will be the volume and concentration of his urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Small amount of concentrated urine 
B)  Small amount of diluted urine 
C)  Large amount of concentrated urine 
D)  Large amount of diluted urine 
A)  Small amount of concentrated urine 
B)  Small amount of diluted urine 
C)  Large amount of concentrated urine 
D)  Large amount of diluted urine

Question 12

Glomerular filtrate has a composition similar to tissue fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The renal corpuscle of a nephron is located within the renal __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The renal corpuscle of a nephron is...

Question 14

Water reabsorption occurs throughout the proximal tubule by the passive process of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Water reabsorption occurs throughout the proximal tubule...

Question 15

Why is cystitis more common in females than in males?

Accepted Answer

A)  The female urethra is shorter than that of the male. 
B)  The male is more resistant to infections. 
C)  The female bladder is larger. 
D)  The male bladder wall is thicker. 
E)  The female is less resistantto infections. 
A)  The female urethra is shorter than that of the male. 
B)  The male is more resistant to infections. 
C)  The female bladder is larger. 
D)  The male bladder wall is thicker. 
E)  The female is less resistantto infections.

Question 16

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) functions to promote water reabsorption. Where are the receptors for ADH located?

Accepted Answer

A)  In the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct 
B)  In the proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  In the ascending limb of the nephron loop 
D)  In the descending limb of the nephron loop 
E)  In the glomerular capillaries 
A)  In the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct 
B)  In the proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  In the ascending limb of the nephron loop 
D)  In the descending limb of the nephron loop 
E)  In the glomerular capillaries

Question 17

An antibiotic circulating in the blood passes through the kidneys. Only a miniscule amount of it passes from the glomerular capillary into the glomerular filtrate. When its presence in the urine is measured, it has been almost completely excreted. How is this possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  During the process of reabsorption, flow of water across the tubular membrane into the peritubular capillary passively encourages the antibiotic to cross the opposite way. 
B)  Stimulation from nerves causes the efferent arteriole to constrict and force the antibiotic through the glomerular capillary into the filtrate. 
C)  The antibiotic is actively transported into the proximal tubule during tubular secretion. 
D)  Sodium ions crossing into the blood of the peritubular capillary increases osmotic pressure and forces the antibiotic into the proximal tubule. 
A)  During the process of reabsorption, flow of water across the tubular membrane into the peritubular capillary passively encourages the antibiotic to cross the opposite way. 
B)  Stimulation from nerves causes the efferent arteriole to constrict and force the antibiotic through the glomerular capillary into the filtrate. 
C)  The antibiotic is actively transported into the proximal tubule during tubular secretion. 
D)  Sodium ions crossing into the blood of the peritubular capillary increases osmotic pressure and forces the antibiotic into the proximal tubule.

Question 18

How and where are the largest quantity of hydrogen ions secreted?

Accepted Answer

A)  Passively into the proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  Passively into the distal convoluted tubule 
C)  Actively into the proximal convoluted tubule 
D)  Actively into the distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Passively into the collecting duct 
A)  Passively into the proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  Passively into the distal convoluted tubule 
C)  Actively into the proximal convoluted tubule 
D)  Actively into the distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Passively into the collecting duct

Question 19

The bundles of interlaced muscular fibers in the wall of the urinary bladder comprise the __________ muscle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The bundles of interlaced muscular fibers in...

Question 20

As a result of excessively low arterial blood pressure, glomerular hydrostatic pressure __________, and filtration __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases; increases 
B)  increases; decreases 
C)  decreases; increases 
D)  decreases; decreases 
A)  increases; increases 
B)  increases; decreases 
C)  decreases; increases 
D)  decreases; decreases

Uric acid results from the metabolism of nucleic acids.

Which of the following indicates the parts of a renal tubule in the correct sequence from beginning to end?

The kidneys lie on the posterior abdominal wall within the peritoneal cavity.

In response to a decrease in concentration of blood , the kidneys secrete .

The reabsorption of sodium under the influence of aldosteroneoccurs primarily in the __________.

Most sodium reabsorption occurs in the __________ convoluted tubule of the nephron.

Glomerular filtrate is nearly protein free.

What would happen if the arteriole that supplies blood to the glomerulus constricts?

Gout is a condition in which the plasma has an abnormally high concentration of __________.

Which of the following is not part of the urine-formation process?

Brian became dehydrated after a long run in the hot summer sun because he did not drink enough water. What will be the volume and concentration of his urine?

Glomerular filtrate has a composition similar to tissue fluid.

The renal corpuscle of a nephron is located within the renal __________.

Water reabsorption occurs throughout the proximal tubule by the passive process of __________.

Why is cystitis more common in females than in males?

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) functions to promote water reabsorption. Where are the receptors for ADH located?

An antibiotic circulating in the blood passes through the kidneys. Only a miniscule amount of it passes from the glomerular capillary into the glomerular filtrate. When its presence in the urine is measured, it has been almost completely excreted. How is this possible?

How and where are the largest quantity of hydrogen ions secreted?

The bundles of interlaced muscular fibers in the wall of the urinary bladder comprise the __________ muscle.

As a result of excessively low arterial blood pressure, glomerular hydrostatic pressure , and filtration .

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Cellular Metabolism

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Pregnancy, Growth, Development, and Genetics

Nervous System

The Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestion and Nutrition

Respiratory System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Filters

Exam 17: Urinary System

Uric acid results from the metabolism of nucleic acids.

Which of the following indicates the parts of a renal tubule in the correct sequence from beginning to end?

The kidneys lie on the posterior abdominal wall within the peritoneal cavity.

In response to a decrease in concentration of blood __________, the kidneys secrete __________.

The reabsorption of sodium under the influence of aldosteroneoccurs primarily in the __________.

Most sodium reabsorption occurs in the __________ convoluted tubule of the nephron.

Glomerular filtrate is nearly protein free.

What would happen if the arteriole that supplies blood to the glomerulus constricts?

Gout is a condition in which the plasma has an abnormally high concentration of __________.

Which of the following is not part of the urine-formation process?

Brian became dehydrated after a long run in the hot summer sun because he did not drink enough water. What will be the volume and concentration of his urine?

Glomerular filtrate has a composition similar to tissue fluid.

The renal corpuscle of a nephron is located within the renal __________.

Water reabsorption occurs throughout the proximal tubule by the passive process of __________.

Why is cystitis more common in females than in males?

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) functions to promote water reabsorption. Where are the receptors for ADH located?

An antibiotic circulating in the blood passes through the kidneys. Only a miniscule amount of it passes from the glomerular capillary into the glomerular filtrate. When its presence in the urine is measured, it has been almost completely excreted. How is this possible?

How and where are the largest quantity of hydrogen ions secreted?

The bundles of interlaced muscular fibers in the wall of the urinary bladder comprise the __________ muscle.

As a result of excessively low arterial blood pressure, glomerular hydrostatic pressure __________, and filtration __________.

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Cellular Metabolism

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Pregnancy, Growth, Development, and Genetics

Nervous System

The Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestion and Nutrition

Respiratory System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Filters

In response to a decrease in concentration of blood , the kidneys secrete .

As a result of excessively low arterial blood pressure, glomerular hydrostatic pressure , and filtration .