Exam 15: Digestion and Nutrition

Microorganisms promote the development of dental caries (cavities) by metabolizing carbohydrates and releasing by-products that are __________.

What is a cause of lactose intolerance?

Food passing from the stomach through the small intestine first passes into the duodenum, then the jejunum, and lastly, the ileum.

What happens during the defecation reflex?

A genetic mutation prevents the parietal cells of the gastric glands from secreting their typical products. What effect would this have on digestion within the stomach?

Intrinsic factor is necessary for the normal absorption of vitamin __________ from the small intestine.

What is the main part of the stomach called?

The __________ is the layer of the alimentary-canal wall that absorbs nutrients.

If you take a piece of white bread and chew it slowly for a long period of time, the flavor will become very sweet. This is due to the starch molecules in the bread being digested into smaller sugars that trigger a sweet sensation. Which substance is responsible for this breakdown?

The __________ canal includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anal canal.

Cholecystokinin, a hormone released from intestinal mucosa by the presence of fats, stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release bile into the duodenum.

The entire alimentary canal runs between what two structures?

The cecum is located at the inferior end of the descending colon.

Jaundice, which is characterized by a yellowish tinge to the tissues, is due to an increased blood concentration of __________.

Acute pancreatitis is often caused by the conversion of __________.

The greater omentum is composed of a portion of the __________ membrane.

Severe liver damage would mainly affect digestion of what nutrient?

Gallstones are usually composed of __________.

What is the function of the hormone secretin?

Vitamin E, a fat-soluble vitamin, is destroyed by cooking.