Question 1

When does renal reabsorption occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  When water and dissolved solute move from the tubules into the peritubular capillaries 
B)  When water and dissolved solute move from the tubules into the glomerular capillaries 
C)  When water moves from the collecting duct into the renal pelvis 
D)  When water and dissolved solute move from the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubules 
A)  When water and dissolved solute move from the tubules into the peritubular capillaries 
B)  When water and dissolved solute move from the tubules into the glomerular capillaries 
C)  When water moves from the collecting duct into the renal pelvis 
D)  When water and dissolved solute move from the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubules

Question 2

Bowman's capsule is part of the

Accepted Answer

A)  nephron unit. 
B)  renal pelvis. 
C)  collecting duct. 
D)  urinary bladder. 
A)  nephron unit. 
B)  renal pelvis. 
C)  collecting duct. 
D)  urinary bladder.

Question 3

What vascular structure is found between the afferent and efferent arterioles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peritubular capillaries 
B)  Renal artery 
C)  Glomerulus 
D)  Renal veins 
A)  Peritubular capillaries 
B)  Renal artery 
C)  Glomerulus 
D)  Renal veins

Question 4

Which of the following is not true of ADH?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secreted by the posterior pituitary gland 
B)  Secreted in response to low blood volume and concentrated plasma (as in dehydration) 
C)  Causes the renal excretion of sodium, potassium, and water 
D)  Deficiency causes diabetes insipidus 
A)  Secreted by the posterior pituitary gland 
B)  Secreted in response to low blood volume and concentrated plasma (as in dehydration) 
C)  Causes the renal excretion of sodium, potassium, and water 
D)  Deficiency causes diabetes insipidus

Question 5

Which of the following is caused by a deficiency of erythropoietin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oliguria 
B)  Anemia 
C)  Albuminuria 
D)  Cystitis 
A)  Oliguria 
B)  Anemia 
C)  Albuminuria 
D)  Cystitis

Question 6

The distal convoluted tubule

Accepted Answer

A)  receives urine from the collecting duct. 
B)  reabsorbs Na+ and water in response to aldosterone. 
C)  is the nephron structure that is primarily associated with filtration. 
D)  empties its urine into Bowman's capsule. 
A)  receives urine from the collecting duct. 
B)  reabsorbs Na+ and water in response to aldosterone. 
C)  is the nephron structure that is primarily associated with filtration. 
D)  empties its urine into Bowman's capsule.

Question 7

Which condition is characterized by hematuria and pyuria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal failure 
B)  Diuresis 
C)  Urinary retention 
D)  Cystitis 
A)  Renal failure 
B)  Diuresis 
C)  Urinary retention 
D)  Cystitis

Question 8

What is the meaning of an elevated serum creatinine?

Accepted Answer

A)  The kidneys are making too much creatinine. 
B)  Too much creatinine is being reabsorbed by the peritubular capillaries. 
C)  The kidneys are not filtering creatinine; this is a sign of kidney failure. 
D)  The kidneys are excreting too much urine. 
A)  The kidneys are making too much creatinine. 
B)  Too much creatinine is being reabsorbed by the peritubular capillaries. 
C)  The kidneys are not filtering creatinine; this is a sign of kidney failure. 
D)  The kidneys are excreting too much urine.

Question 9

The "urine-making" structure of the kidney is the

Accepted Answer

A)  urinary bladder. 
B)  nephron unit. 
C)  trigone. 
D)  renal pelvis. 
A)  urinary bladder. 
B)  nephron unit. 
C)  trigone. 
D)  renal pelvis.

Question 10

Glomerular filtration pressure is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  intrathoracic pressure. 
B)  pressure within the renal tubules. 
C)  blood pressure. 
D)  intraabdominal pressure. 
A)  intrathoracic pressure. 
B)  pressure within the renal tubules. 
C)  blood pressure. 
D)  intraabdominal pressure.

Question 11

What is the major artery that supplies the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carotid 
B)  Portal 
C)  Celiac axis 
D)  Renal 
A)  Carotid 
B)  Portal 
C)  Celiac axis 
D)  Renal

Question 12

Which structure is located between the renal pelvis and the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urethra 
B)  Trigone 
C)  Urinary meatus 
D)  Ureter 
A)  Urethra 
B)  Trigone 
C)  Urinary meatus 
D)  Ureter

Question 13

The detrusor muscle is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  urethra. 
B)  renal pelvis. 
C)  urinary bladder. 
D)  glomeruli. 
A)  urethra. 
B)  renal pelvis. 
C)  urinary bladder. 
D)  glomeruli.

Question 14

Which of the following is not "plumbing"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glomeruli 
B)  Ureters 
C)  Urinary bladder 
D)  Urethra 
A)  Glomeruli 
B)  Ureters 
C)  Urinary bladder 
D)  Urethra

Question 15

The trigone,detrusor,and rugae are all related to the

Accepted Answer

A)  nephron unit. 
B)  renal pelvis. 
C)  Bowman's capsule. 
D)  urinary bladder. 
A)  nephron unit. 
B)  renal pelvis. 
C)  Bowman's capsule. 
D)  urinary bladder.

Question 16

This hormone increases systemic vascular resistance and causes the release of aldosterone.

Accepted Answer

A)  Renin 
B)  Erythropoietin 
C)  Brain natriuretic hormone 
D)  Angiotensin II 
A)  Renin 
B)  Erythropoietin 
C)  Brain natriuretic hormone 
D)  Angiotensin II

Question 17

The renal excretion of Na⁺ is generally accompanied by the excretion of

Accepted Answer

A)  bicarbonate. 
B)  water. 
C)  albumin. 
D)  renin. 
A)  bicarbonate. 
B)  water. 
C)  albumin. 
D)  renin.

Question 18

The urinary bladder

Accepted Answer

A)  contains only skeletal muscle. 
B)  receives urine from two urethras. 
C)  causes diuresis in response to ADH deficiency. 
D)  causes micturition when the detrusor muscle contracts and the internal sphincter relaxes. 
A)  contains only skeletal muscle. 
B)  receives urine from two urethras. 
C)  causes diuresis in response to ADH deficiency. 
D)  causes micturition when the detrusor muscle contracts and the internal sphincter relaxes.

Question 19

A patient with stenosis (narrowing)of the renal artery is most likely to present with

Accepted Answer

A)  uremia. 
B)  hypertension. 
C)  albuminuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. 
D)  glucosuria. 
A)  uremia. 
B)  hypertension. 
C)  albuminuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. 
D)  glucosuria.

Question 20

Which hormone affects blood volume?

Accepted Answer

A)  PTH 
B)  Erythropoietin 
C)  Insulin 
D)  Aldosterone 
A)  PTH 
B)  Erythropoietin 
C)  Insulin 
D)  Aldosterone

Exam 24: Urinary System

When does renal reabsorption occur?

Bowman's capsule is part of the

What vascular structure is found between the afferent and efferent arterioles?

Which of the following is not true of ADH?

Which of the following is caused by a deficiency of erythropoietin?

The distal convoluted tubule

Which condition is characterized by hematuria and pyuria?

What is the meaning of an elevated serum creatinine?

The "urine-making" structure of the kidney is the

Glomerular filtration pressure is caused by

What is the major artery that supplies the kidneys?

Which structure is located between the renal pelvis and the urinary bladder?

The detrusor muscle is located in the

Which of the following is not "plumbing"?

The trigone,detrusor,and rugae are all related to the

This hormone increases systemic vascular resistance and causes the release of aldosterone.

The renal excretion of Na⁺ is generally accompanied by the excretion of

The urinary bladder

A patient with stenosis (narrowing)of the renal artery is most likely to present with

Which hormone affects blood volume?

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Endocrine System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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