Question 1

Under normal conditions,which substance is present in the urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Creatinine 
B)  Fibrinogen 
C)  Myosin 
D)  Albumin 
A)  Creatinine 
B)  Fibrinogen 
C)  Myosin 
D)  Albumin

Question 2

A sudden decline in blood pressure to 80/45 mm Hg is most apt to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase GFR. 
B)  increase glomerular filtration. 
C)  cause oliguria. 
D)  cause hematuria. 
A)  increase GFR. 
B)  increase glomerular filtration. 
C)  cause oliguria. 
D)  cause hematuria.

Question 3

Which condition is associated with proteinuria?

Accepted Answer

A)  A bladder infection 
B)  Urethritis 
C)  Glomerular disease 
D)  Deficiency of ADH 
A)  A bladder infection 
B)  Urethritis 
C)  Glomerular disease 
D)  Deficiency of ADH

Question 4

Where does aldosterone exert its effects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glomeruli 
B)  Efferent arteriole 
C)  Distal convoluted tubule 
D)  Ascending limb (loop of Henle) 
A)  Glomeruli 
B)  Efferent arteriole 
C)  Distal convoluted tubule 
D)  Ascending limb (loop of Henle)

Question 5

ADH

Accepted Answer

A)  is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. 
B)  is a mineralocorticoid that is secreted by the adrenal cortex. 
C)  stimulates the collecting duct to reabsorb water. 
D)  increases the GFR. 
A)  is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. 
B)  is a mineralocorticoid that is secreted by the adrenal cortex. 
C)  stimulates the collecting duct to reabsorb water. 
D)  increases the GFR.

Question 6

Which of the following is true of urea?

Accepted Answer

A)  Is an excretable form of nitrogen 
B)  Is synthesized by the kidneys 
C)  Is converted to ammonia by converting enzyme in the lungs 
D)  Is a pancreatic proteolytic enzyme 
A)  Is an excretable form of nitrogen 
B)  Is synthesized by the kidneys 
C)  Is converted to ammonia by converting enzyme in the lungs 
D)  Is a pancreatic proteolytic enzyme

Question 7

The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)is located near the

Accepted Answer

A)  collecting duct. 
B)  afferent arteriole. 
C)  ureter. 
D)  renal pelvis. 
A)  collecting duct. 
B)  afferent arteriole. 
C)  ureter. 
D)  renal pelvis.

Question 8

A drug that blocks the effects of aldosterone

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases the reabsorption of Na+ and water. 
B)  is kaliuretic. 
C)  causes oliguria. 
D)  Two of the above are true. 
A)  decreases the reabsorption of Na+ and water. 
B)  is kaliuretic. 
C)  causes oliguria. 
D)  Two of the above are true.

Question 9

Cystitis refers to inflammation of the

Accepted Answer

A)  kidneys. 
B)  meatus. 
C)  urinary bladder. 
D)  renal pelvis. 
A)  kidneys. 
B)  meatus. 
C)  urinary bladder. 
D)  renal pelvis.

Question 10

Which of the following structures is considered "plumbing"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Collecting duct 
B)  Ureter 
C)  Glomerulus 
D)  Two of the above are true. 
A)  Collecting duct 
B)  Ureter 
C)  Glomerulus 
D)  Two of the above are true.

Question 11

What is the urine-making structure of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trigone 
B)  Renal pyramid 
C)  Renal capsule 
D)  Nephron unit 
A)  Trigone 
B)  Renal pyramid 
C)  Renal capsule 
D)  Nephron unit

Question 12

With regard to reabsorption,which structure plays the most important role?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glomeruli 
B)  Renal pelvis 
C)  Urinary bladder 
D)  Peritubular capillaries 
A)  Glomeruli 
B)  Renal pelvis 
C)  Urinary bladder 
D)  Peritubular capillaries

Question 13

What is the earliest consequence of a decreased GFR,as in shock?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urinary retention 
B)  Glucosuria 
C)  Albuminuria 
D)  Oliguria 
A)  Urinary retention 
B)  Glucosuria 
C)  Albuminuria 
D)  Oliguria

Question 14

Natriuresis refers to the renal excretion of

Accepted Answer

A)  K+. 
B)  Na+. 
C)  water. 
D)  bicarbonate. 
A)  K+. 
B)  Na+. 
C)  water. 
D)  bicarbonate.

Question 15

The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)secretes

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone. 
B)  ADH. 
C)  angiotensin. 
D)  renin. 
A)  aldosterone. 
B)  ADH. 
C)  angiotensin. 
D)  renin.

Question 16

Glucosuria is most likely to cause

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperglycemia. 
B)  uremia and azotemia. 
C)  polyuria and dehydration. 
D)  hematuria and anemia. 
A)  hyperglycemia. 
B)  uremia and azotemia. 
C)  polyuria and dehydration. 
D)  hematuria and anemia.

Question 17

Which of the following terms refers to the voluntary expulsion of urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Polyuria 
B)  Diuresis 
C)  Micturition 
D)  Dialysis 
A)  Polyuria 
B)  Diuresis 
C)  Micturition 
D)  Dialysis

Question 18

The renal cortex descends between the pyramids as the

Accepted Answer

A)  pelvis. 
B)  collecting ducts. 
C)  calyces. 
D)  renal columns. 
A)  pelvis. 
B)  collecting ducts. 
C)  calyces. 
D)  renal columns.

Question 19

A drug is classified as a diuretic.Most likely,the drug

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases the GFR. 
B)  blocks the tubular reabsorption of Na+. 
C)  activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. 
D)  causes the release of ADH. 
A)  decreases the GFR. 
B)  blocks the tubular reabsorption of Na+. 
C)  activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. 
D)  causes the release of ADH.

Question 20

Angiotensin II

Accepted Answer

A)  is secreted by the JGA cells in the kidney. 
B)  is converted to angiotensin I by renin. 
C)  is a potent vasoconstrictor. 
D)  inhibits the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex. 
A)  is secreted by the JGA cells in the kidney. 
B)  is converted to angiotensin I by renin. 
C)  is a potent vasoconstrictor. 
D)  inhibits the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex.

Exam 24: Urinary System

Under normal conditions,which substance is present in the urine?

A sudden decline in blood pressure to 80/45 mm Hg is most apt to

Which condition is associated with proteinuria?

Where does aldosterone exert its effects?

ADH

Which of the following is true of urea?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)is located near the

A drug that blocks the effects of aldosterone

Cystitis refers to inflammation of the

Which of the following structures is considered "plumbing"?

What is the urine-making structure of the kidney?

With regard to reabsorption,which structure plays the most important role?

What is the earliest consequence of a decreased GFR,as in shock?

Natriuresis refers to the renal excretion of

The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)secretes

Glucosuria is most likely to cause

Which of the following terms refers to the voluntary expulsion of urine?

The renal cortex descends between the pyramids as the

A drug is classified as a diuretic.Most likely,the drug

Angiotensin II

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Endocrine System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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