Exam 32: Waterborne and Foodborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Psychrotolerant microorganisms can survive and grow at

The most common route of transmission of Salmonella enterica typhi worldwide is through

Escherichia coli is found naturally in the intestines of birds, humans, and animals.

In the developed countries of the world, most intestinal infections are transmitted via

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a coliform?

Many food infection agents also cause waterborne diseases.

Cholera can be transmitted by water or food.

The most common source of Escherichia spp. food poisoning is contaminated

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates the concentration of Escherichia coli in public recreational waters as well as private swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs to minimize waterborne disease outbreaks.

Campylobacter infections are the most common foodborne infections in the United States.

Clostridium perfringens food poisoning leads to diarrhea, because the

The most important potential common source of infectious disease is

The most common source of individual foodborne botulism outbreaks are due to consumption of

There were numerous cases throughout the United States of patients having bloody diarrhea all within a week of each other, many of which were hospitalized with severe cases. Although the people spanned from California to New York, they all had attended a high school graduation party. Epidemiologists determined the common food factor was cheese curds homemade by a farmer. The home where the cheese curds were made was searched, and the cheese curds and milk used to produce them were taken to the local government lab. Among other microbes, Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from many of the cheese curds as well as the farmerʹs bulk tank milk. What should be done for those infected? What can be done to prevent this from happening again?

What is the difference between food poisoning and food infection? Are antibiotics useful in either of them?

The rate of contaminant microbial growth during the exponential phase in food depends on

As a visitor to a country in which cholera is an endemic disease, what specific steps would you take to reduce your risk of cholera exposure? Will these precautions also prevent you from contracting other waterborne diseases? If so, which ones? Identify waterborne diseases for which your precautions may not prevent infection.

The water activity of food can be reduced by all of the following EXCEPT

Verotoxin can cause

Why are antibiotics of little value by themselves in the treatment of cholera?