Question 1

Heterocysts are specialized cells that undergo

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidative phosphorylation. 
B)  photophosphorylation. 
C)  nitrogen fixation. 
D)  lysine decarboxylation. 
A)  oxidative phosphorylation. 
B)  photophosphorylation. 
C)  nitrogen fixation. 
D)  lysine decarboxylation.

Question 2

Oxygenic phototrophs require the uptake of oxygen for the reactions of photosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The purpose of hemimethylated DNA is to block chromosome replication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Proteins MinC, MinD, and MinE interact to

Accepted Answer

A)  help guide FtsZ to the cell midpoint. 
B)  initiate peptidoglycan synthesis. 
C)  assist chromosome segregation. 
D)  determine cell shape. 
A)  help guide FtsZ to the cell midpoint. 
B)  initiate peptidoglycan synthesis. 
C)  assist chromosome segregation. 
D)  determine cell shape.

Question 5

PopZ plays a critical role in localizing proteins to the cell poles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is triggered by ________ cell densities and repressed by ________ cell densities.

Accepted Answer

A)  high; high 
B)  low; low 
C)  high; low 
D)  low; high 
A)  high; high 
B)  low; low 
C)  high; low 
D)  low; high

Question 7

FtsA is related to ________, an important cytoskeletal protein in eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A)  actin 
B)  myosin 
C)  tubulin 
D)  collagen 
A)  actin 
B)  myosin 
C)  tubulin 
D)  collagen

Question 8

Describe the steps of binary fission.

Accepted Answer

1) Replication of the circular prokaryot

Question 9

The major shape-determining factor in Bacteria is the protein

Accepted Answer

A)  FtsZ. 
B)  crescentin. 
C)  MreB. 
D)  MinD. 
A)  FtsZ. 
B)  crescentin. 
C)  MreB. 
D)  MinD.

Question 10

Dormancy is a result of all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  phenotypic heterogeneity. 
B)  ineffective efflux pumps. 
C)  TA modules. 
D)  the stringent response. 
A)  phenotypic heterogeneity. 
B)  ineffective efflux pumps. 
C)  TA modules. 
D)  the stringent response.

Question 11

Natural antibiotics are produced by all bacterial genera.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A bacterium that lacks the mreB gene will have a ________ shape.

Accepted Answer

A)  bacillus 
B)  coccoid 
C)  short bacillus 
D)  vibrio 
A)  bacillus 
B)  coccoid 
C)  short bacillus 
D)  vibrio

Question 13

The toxin component of TA modules helps ensure survival during stressful growth conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

σᶠ functions as a(n) ________ during endospore formation.

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription factor 
B)  anti-sigma factor 
C)  protease 
D)  RNase 
A)  transcription factor 
B)  anti-sigma factor 
C)  protease 
D)  RNase

Question 15

When Spo0A is highly phosphorylated

Accepted Answer

A)  heterocyst formation is initiated. 
B)  stalk formation is initiated. 
C)  endospore formation is initiated. 
D)  photosynthesis is initiated. 
A)  heterocyst formation is initiated. 
B)  stalk formation is initiated. 
C)  endospore formation is initiated. 
D)  photosynthesis is initiated.

Question 16

When a Bacillus anthracis population suddenly must form spores to survive a harsh nutrient poor environment, how do the cells obtain energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cells in a growth phase that have not used up all of their energy will be the only ones to make endospores, which is why relatively few endospores are often made from a large population. 
B)  Intracellular energy reserves are quickly made available to produce endospores. 
C)  Slow responding cells are cannibalized by others that already began spore formation. 
D)  Global regulation is initiated to minimize energy waste in biosynthetic pathways and catabolic pathways are increased to consume remaining usable substrates to fuel spore formation. 
A)  Cells in a growth phase that have not used up all of their energy will be the only ones to make endospores, which is why relatively few endospores are often made from a large population. 
B)  Intracellular energy reserves are quickly made available to produce endospores. 
C)  Slow responding cells are cannibalized by others that already began spore formation. 
D)  Global regulation is initiated to minimize energy waste in biosynthetic pathways and catabolic pathways are increased to consume remaining usable substrates to fuel spore formation.

Question 17

In the process of binary fission in Bacteria, which action occurs first?

Accepted Answer

A)  formation of the divisome 
B)  DNA replication 
C)  cell elongation 
D)  cytokinesis 
A)  formation of the divisome 
B)  DNA replication 
C)  cell elongation 
D)  cytokinesis

Question 18

What is the purpose of the MreB protein in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

The bacterial actin homologue MreB is re

Question 19

Antibiotic-sensitive bacteria sometimes produce cells that are transiently resistant to multiple antibiotics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Explain the role of CtrA in the formation of swarmer cells in Caulobacter.

Accepted Answer

CtrA is activated by phosphorylation in

Exam 7: Molecular Biology of Microbial Growth

Heterocysts are specialized cells that undergo

Oxygenic phototrophs require the uptake of oxygen for the reactions of photosynthesis.

The purpose of hemimethylated DNA is to block chromosome replication.

Proteins MinC, MinD, and MinE interact to

PopZ plays a critical role in localizing proteins to the cell poles.

Biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is triggered by ________ cell densities and repressed by ________ cell densities.

FtsA is related to ________, an important cytoskeletal protein in eukaryotes.

Describe the steps of binary fission.

The major shape-determining factor in Bacteria is the protein

Dormancy is a result of all of the following EXCEPT

Natural antibiotics are produced by all bacterial genera.

A bacterium that lacks the mreB gene will have a ________ shape.

The toxin component of TA modules helps ensure survival during stressful growth conditions.

σᶠ functions as a(n) ________ during endospore formation.

When Spo0A is highly phosphorylated

When a Bacillus anthracis population suddenly must form spores to survive a harsh nutrient poor environment, how do the cells obtain energy?

In the process of binary fission in Bacteria, which action occurs first?

What is the purpose of the MreB protein in bacteria?

Antibiotic-sensitive bacteria sometimes produce cells that are transiently resistant to multiple antibiotics.

Explain the role of CtrA in the formation of swarmer cells in Caulobacter.

The Microbial World

Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Molecular Information Flow and Protein Processing

Microbial Growth and Its Control

Microbial Regulatory Systems

Viruses and Their Replication

Microbial Systems Biology

Viral Genomics, Diversity, and Ecology

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Microorganisms

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Microbial Eukarya

Taking the Measure of Microbial Systems

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Symbioses with Humans

Microbial Infection and Pathogenesis

Innate Immunity: Broadly Specific Host Defenses

Adaptive Immunity: Highly Specific Host Defenses

Clinical Microbiology and Immunology

Epidemiology

Person-to-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Waterborne and Foodborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungi, Protozoans, and Helminths

Filters

Biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is triggered by cell densities and repressed by cell densities.