Exam 17: Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Use the figure to answer the question. The figure shows a simple metabolic pathway. According to Beadle and Tatum's hypothesis, how many genes are necessary for this pathway?

What would be the consequence of a mutation in a bacterial cell that produces a defective aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that attaches a lysine instead of the normal phenylalanine to tRNAs with the anticodon AAA?

Codons are three-base sequences in mRNA that specify the addition of a single amino acid to the growing protein chain during translation. How do eukaryotic codons and prokaryotic codons compare?

Which of the following types of mutation, resulting in an error in the mRNA just after the AUG start of translation, is likely to have the most serious effect on the polypeptide product?

Which of the following statements is the most current description of a gene?

The genetic code is redundant. What is meant by this statement?

In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin until

Use the following information to answer the question. A part of an mRNA molecule with the following sequence is being read by a ribosome: 5?-CCG-ACG-3? (mRNA). The following charged transfer RNA molecules (with their anticodons shown in the 3? to 5? direction)are available. Two of them can correctly match the mRNA so that a dipeptide can form. tRNA Anticodon Amino Acid GGC Proline CGU Alanine UGC Threonine CCG Glycine ACG Cysteine CGG Alanine Which of the following dipeptides will form from this mRNA?

Which of the following characteristics is directly related to the coding of a single amino acid during the process of translation?

Which one of the following structures, if missing, would usually prevent translation from starting?

Use the figure to answer the question. The tRNA shown in the figure has its 3′ end projecting beyond its 5′ end. Which of the following processes will occur at this 3′ end?

According to the central dogma, what is the intermediate molecule involved in the flow of information in a cell that should go in the blank? DNA → ________ → Proteins

Which of the following statements correctly describes the effect a nonsense mutation would have on a gene?

Using Figure 17.6, identify a 5′ → 3′ sequence of nucleotides in the DNA template strand for an mRNA coding for the polypeptide sequence Phe-Pro-Lys.

The following question refers to this table of codons. Refer to the figure. Which of the triplets below is a possible anticodon for a tRNA that transports proline to a ribosome?

Use the figure to answer the question. Refer to the metabolic pathway illustrated. If A, B, and C are all required for growth, a strain mutant for the gene encoding enzyme B would be able to grow on medium supplemented with which of the following nutrient(s)?

Which one of the following statements about RNA processing is correct?

Which of the following DNA mutations is most likely to damage the protein it specifies?

Which of the following statements correctly describes the function of a signal peptide?

Which of the following statements best describes the significance of the TATA box in the promoters of eukaryotes?