Question 1

The roles of psychologists and their influence in the legal system created which positive changes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Judges now tend to be well-informed about the recent advances in psychological research. 
B)  Judges are now more likely to accept expert testimony from psychologists as truth. 
C)  Judges have to articulate more clearly what their decisions are based on. 
D)  Judges often defer to the jury regarding whether an expert should be allowed to testify. 
A)  Judges now tend to be well-informed about the recent advances in psychological research. 
B)  Judges are now more likely to accept expert testimony from psychologists as truth. 
C)  Judges have to articulate more clearly what their decisions are based on. 
D)  Judges often defer to the jury regarding whether an expert should be allowed to testify.

Question 2

All of these aspects of the adversarial legal system are uncomfortable for scientists EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the desire for learning the truth. 
B)  the focus on individual cases rather than general patterns. 
C)  the avoidance of uncertainty. 
D)  the promotion of a one-sided view of the facts. 
A)  the desire for learning the truth. 
B)  the focus on individual cases rather than general patterns. 
C)  the avoidance of uncertainty. 
D)  the promotion of a one-sided view of the facts.

Question 3

The knowledge and skills of developmental psychologists might be most relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Accepted Answer

A)  When studying the dynamics of jury deliberation. 
B)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. 
C)  When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. 
D)  When evaluating which custody arrangement will most benefit the child. 
A)  When studying the dynamics of jury deliberation. 
B)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. 
C)  When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. 
D)  When evaluating which custody arrangement will most benefit the child.

Question 4

Isabella is advocating for a change in the way domestic violence victims are treated by the police and the courts. This is an example of the following role played by psychologists in the legal system:

Accepted Answer

A)  advisor 
B)  evaluator 
C)  reformer 
D)  clinician 
A)  advisor 
B)  evaluator 
C)  reformer 
D)  clinician

Question 5

How did trial judges become the gatekeepers for expert testimony? Are there any problems with their gatekeeping role? How can the system be improved?

Accepted Answer

•Under the Daubert standard (trilogy of

Question 6

In consideration of scientific testimony, gatekeeping in the legal sense includes:

Accepted Answer

A)  determining the court session protocol and procedures. 
B)  assessing the scientific validity of potential testimony. 
C)  counseling juries on the value of scientific evidence. 
D)  providing instructions to the jurors before they start deliberation. 
A)  determining the court session protocol and procedures. 
B)  assessing the scientific validity of potential testimony. 
C)  counseling juries on the value of scientific evidence. 
D)  providing instructions to the jurors before they start deliberation.

Question 7

After Daubert, judges are more likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  permit expert testimony in federal cases. 
B)  exclude expert testimony even if it's based on valid science. 
C)  allow expert testimony, but only with regard to the defendant's competency to stand trial. 
D)  be required to obtain education in social scientific research methods. 
A)  permit expert testimony in federal cases. 
B)  exclude expert testimony even if it's based on valid science. 
C)  allow expert testimony, but only with regard to the defendant's competency to stand trial. 
D)  be required to obtain education in social scientific research methods.

Question 8

At the end of the 19th century, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes famously said: "Law is the government of the living by the dead." His saying reflects the currently relevant principle that:

Accepted Answer

A)  criminal murder cases have to be solved even if the suspect is already dead. 
B)  past decisions are often discarded to make way for the new understanding. 
C)  applying laws is a living, breathing, constantly changing process. 
D)  legal rulings in cases decided a long time ago may still apply to current cases. 
A)  criminal murder cases have to be solved even if the suspect is already dead. 
B)  past decisions are often discarded to make way for the new understanding. 
C)  applying laws is a living, breathing, constantly changing process. 
D)  legal rulings in cases decided a long time ago may still apply to current cases.

Question 9

Judges _____ the use of brain scans in the courtroom claiming that the scientific value of this evidence _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  gladly accept; is exceptional 
B)  routinely deny; is not established 
C)  almost never accept; only applies in brain injury cases 
D)  often allow; can be correctly interpreted through expert testimony 
A)  gladly accept; is exceptional 
B)  routinely deny; is not established 
C)  almost never accept; only applies in brain injury cases 
D)  often allow; can be correctly interpreted through expert testimony

Question 10

Berta is a developmental psychologist. Her knowledge and skills might be most relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Accepted Answer

A)  When evaluating the state of mind of a teenager who brought guns to school. 
B)  When deciding whether jurors understand jury instructions correctly. 
C)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant's competency to stand trial. 
D)  When studying how the type of interrogation is related to the likelihood of false confession. 
A)  When evaluating the state of mind of a teenager who brought guns to school. 
B)  When deciding whether jurors understand jury instructions correctly. 
C)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant's competency to stand trial. 
D)  When studying how the type of interrogation is related to the likelihood of false confession.

Question 11

Amicus curiae briefs:

Accepted Answer

A)  help experts testifying in court get their point across. 
B)  provide a way to influence the court when expert testimony is not allowed. 
C)  summarize the questions raised by the jury during the deliberation of a verdict. 
D)  reflect scientists' lack of interest in the legal system. 
A)  help experts testifying in court get their point across. 
B)  provide a way to influence the court when expert testimony is not allowed. 
C)  summarize the questions raised by the jury during the deliberation of a verdict. 
D)  reflect scientists' lack of interest in the legal system.

Question 12

According to the article Neuroscience in the Courtroom, recent advances in neuroscience have:

Accepted Answer

A)  improved the reliability of expert witnesses. 
B)  increased cohesiveness of jury decision making. 
C)  made brain scans a universally accepted piece of evidence at trials. 
D)  raised important questions about free will and personal responsibility. 
A)  improved the reliability of expert witnesses. 
B)  increased cohesiveness of jury decision making. 
C)  made brain scans a universally accepted piece of evidence at trials. 
D)  raised important questions about free will and personal responsibility.

Question 13

Roles that psychologists may play in the legal system include the following:

Accepted Answer

A)  auxiliary judges. 
B)  gatekeepers. 
C)  reformers. 
D)  parapsychologists. 
A)  auxiliary judges. 
B)  gatekeepers. 
C)  reformers. 
D)  parapsychologists.

Question 14

_____ can be described as an effort to figure out how the world works, whereas _____ provides a system for meting out just desserts.

Accepted Answer

A)  Law; science 
B)  Science; culture 
C)  Culture; law 
D)  Science; law 
A)  Law; science 
B)  Science; culture 
C)  Culture; law 
D)  Science; law

Question 15

Courts have been more receptive to clinical psychologists than to other types of psychologists. The most probable reason is that, like lawyers, clinicians:

Accepted Answer

A)  can lie easily to achieve their ends. 
B)  are oriented toward the individual case. 
C)  care more about justice than the truth. 
D)  have a background in scientific methods. 
A)  can lie easily to achieve their ends. 
B)  are oriented toward the individual case. 
C)  care more about justice than the truth. 
D)  have a background in scientific methods.

Question 16

During the trial, attorneys make opening statements and closing arguments for the purpose of:

Accepted Answer

A)  swaying the expert's opinion. 
B)  convincing the opposing side's attorneys. 
C)  advancing their version of the evidence. 
D)  finding out the truth of what happened. 
A)  swaying the expert's opinion. 
B)  convincing the opposing side's attorneys. 
C)  advancing their version of the evidence. 
D)  finding out the truth of what happened.

Question 17

The famous Brown v. Board of Education (1954) case, besides being one of the most important Supreme Court rulings of the 20th century, was a milestone in the psychology and law alliance for the following reason:

Accepted Answer

A)  the ruling cited research conducted by social scientists. 
B)  the judge admonished social scientists for their testimony. 
C)  the jury overruled the social science expert's opinion. 
D)  jurors' opinions were influenced by the expert's testimony. 
A)  the ruling cited research conducted by social scientists. 
B)  the judge admonished social scientists for their testimony. 
C)  the jury overruled the social science expert's opinion. 
D)  jurors' opinions were influenced by the expert's testimony.

Question 18

The knowledge and skills of social psychologists might be most relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Accepted Answer

A)  When studying the dynamics of jury deliberation. 
B)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. 
C)  When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. 
D)  When evaluating which custody arrangement will most benefit the child. 
A)  When studying the dynamics of jury deliberation. 
B)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. 
C)  When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. 
D)  When evaluating which custody arrangement will most benefit the child.

Question 19

Nia is a cognitive psychologist. Her knowledge and skills might be most relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Accepted Answer

A)  When advising on the assessment of violence risk for the defendant. 
B)  When deciding whether jurors understand jury instructions correctly. 
C)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant's competency to stand trial. 
D)  When studying the impact of domestic violence exposure on children. 
A)  When advising on the assessment of violence risk for the defendant. 
B)  When deciding whether jurors understand jury instructions correctly. 
C)  When assessing a mentally ill defendant's competency to stand trial. 
D)  When studying the impact of domestic violence exposure on children.

Question 20

According to the text, the term gatekeeper refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  securing the courtroom. 
B)  the sorting of various briefs for the purpose of finding relevant precedents. 
C)  establishing the tiers of fact. 
D)  the assessment of scientific validity of testimony before allowing it in trial. 
A)  securing the courtroom. 
B)  the sorting of various briefs for the purpose of finding relevant precedents. 
C)  establishing the tiers of fact. 
D)  the assessment of scientific validity of testimony before allowing it in trial.

The roles of psychologists and their influence in the legal system created which positive changes?

All of these aspects of the adversarial legal system are uncomfortable for scientists EXCEPT:

The knowledge and skills of developmental psychologists might be most relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Isabella is advocating for a change in the way domestic violence victims are treated by the police and the courts. This is an example of the following role played by psychologists in the legal system:

How did trial judges become the gatekeepers for expert testimony? Are there any problems with their gatekeeping role? How can the system be improved?

In consideration of scientific testimony, gatekeeping in the legal sense includes:

After Daubert, judges are more likely to:

At the end of the 19th century, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes famously said: "Law is the government of the living by the dead." His saying reflects the currently relevant principle that:

Judges _ the use of brain scans in the courtroom claiming that the scientific value of this evidence _.

Berta is a developmental psychologist. Her knowledge and skills might be most relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Amicus curiae briefs:

According to the article Neuroscience in the Courtroom, recent advances in neuroscience have:

Roles that psychologists may play in the legal system include the following:

_ can be described as an effort to figure out how the world works, whereas _ provides a system for meting out just desserts.

Courts have been more receptive to clinical psychologists than to other types of psychologists. The most probable reason is that, like lawyers, clinicians:

During the trial, attorneys make opening statements and closing arguments for the purpose of:

The famous Brown v. Board of Education (1954) case, besides being one of the most important Supreme Court rulings of the 20th century, was a milestone in the psychology and law alliance for the following reason:

The knowledge and skills of social psychologists might be most relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Nia is a cognitive psychologist. Her knowledge and skills might be most relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

According to the text, the term gatekeeper refers to:

Presents Several Potential Solutions to the Problem of False Confessions Which of the Following Is Not One of These Solutions

Lie Detection

The Psychology of Forensic Identification: Dna, Fingerprints, and Physical Trace Evidence

Criminal Profiling and Psychological Autopsies

Child Sexual Abuse: Interviewing Children and the Recovered Memories of Adults

Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Competency to Stand Trial

Jury Selection and Trial Procedure

The Insanity Defense

Battered Woman Syndrome, Rape Trauma Syndrome, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Child Custody Disputes

Workplace Law: Harassment, Discrimination, and Fairness

Predicting Violent Behavior: the Psychology of Risk Assessment

Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

The Death Penalty

Filters

Exam 1: Psychology and Law: a Cautious Alliance

The roles of psychologists and their influence in the legal system created which positive changes?

All of these aspects of the adversarial legal system are uncomfortable for scientists EXCEPT:

The knowledge and skills of developmental psychologists might be most relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Isabella is advocating for a change in the way domestic violence victims are treated by the police and the courts. This is an example of the following role played by psychologists in the legal system:

How did trial judges become the gatekeepers for expert testimony? Are there any problems with their gatekeeping role? How can the system be improved?

In consideration of scientific testimony, gatekeeping in the legal sense includes:

After Daubert, judges are more likely to:

At the end of the 19th century, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes famously said: "Law is the government of the living by the dead." His saying reflects the currently relevant principle that:

Judges _____ the use of brain scans in the courtroom claiming that the scientific value of this evidence _____.

Berta is a developmental psychologist. Her knowledge and skills might be most relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Amicus curiae briefs:

According to the article Neuroscience in the Courtroom, recent advances in neuroscience have:

Roles that psychologists may play in the legal system include the following:

_____ can be described as an effort to figure out how the world works, whereas _____ provides a system for meting out just desserts.

Courts have been more receptive to clinical psychologists than to other types of psychologists. The most probable reason is that, like lawyers, clinicians:

During the trial, attorneys make opening statements and closing arguments for the purpose of:

The famous Brown v. Board of Education (1954) case, besides being one of the most important Supreme Court rulings of the 20th century, was a milestone in the psychology and law alliance for the following reason:

The knowledge and skills of social psychologists might be most relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

Nia is a cognitive psychologist. Her knowledge and skills might be most relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases?

According to the text, the term gatekeeper refers to:

Presents Several Potential Solutions to the Problem of False Confessions Which of the Following Is Not One of These Solutions

Lie Detection

The Psychology of Forensic Identification: Dna, Fingerprints, and Physical Trace Evidence

Criminal Profiling and Psychological Autopsies

Child Sexual Abuse: Interviewing Children and the Recovered Memories of Adults

Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Competency to Stand Trial

Jury Selection and Trial Procedure

The Insanity Defense

Battered Woman Syndrome, Rape Trauma Syndrome, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Child Custody Disputes

Workplace Law: Harassment, Discrimination, and Fairness

Predicting Violent Behavior: the Psychology of Risk Assessment

Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

The Death Penalty

Filters

Judges _ the use of brain scans in the courtroom claiming that the scientific value of this evidence _.

_ can be described as an effort to figure out how the world works, whereas _ provides a system for meting out just desserts.