Question 1

Individuals represented by the right end of the dose/response curve (responding to doses between 30 and 40 ppm) are ____________ to the chemical.

Accepted Answer

A)  Very sensitive 
B)  Very insensitive 
C)  About average in sensitivity 
D)  Relatively insensitive 
E)  Relatively sensitive 
A)  Very sensitive 
B)  Very insensitive 
C)  About average in sensitivity 
D)  Relatively insensitive 
E)  Relatively sensitive

Question 2

By 2020, all of the following will have moved into the top three leading causes of disease worldwide except

Accepted Answer

A)  heart disease. 
B)  traffic accidents. 
C)  pneumonia. 
D)  depression. 
A)  heart disease. 
B)  traffic accidents. 
C)  pneumonia. 
D)  depression.

Question 3

Emergence of ecological diseases is typically associated with human-made changes that upset normal ecological relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Malaria is caused by a parasite that is transmitted by mosquitoes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Toxins can be dangerous in very small concentrations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Health organizations now use the ______________, a tool to ______________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  DALY; judge the total impact of the disease rather than only measuring how many people die 
B)  DALY; judge the total impact of how many people die 
C)  Morbidity Measure; judge the total impact of the disease rather than only measuring how many people die 
D)  Morbidity Measure; judge the total impact of how many people die 
E)  Mortality and Morbidity Measure (3M); judge the total impact of the disease rather than only measuring how many people die 
A)  DALY; judge the total impact of the disease rather than only measuring how many people die 
B)  DALY; judge the total impact of how many people die 
C)  Morbidity Measure; judge the total impact of the disease rather than only measuring how many people die 
D)  Morbidity Measure; judge the total impact of how many people die 
E)  Mortality and Morbidity Measure (3M); judge the total impact of the disease rather than only measuring how many people die

Question 7

Our bodies minimize the effects of toxic compounds by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabolic degradation 
B)  Excretion 
C)  Antagonistic reactions 
D)  Repair mechanisms 
E)  All of these are ways that our bodies minimize the effects of toxic compounds 
A)  Metabolic degradation 
B)  Excretion 
C)  Antagonistic reactions 
D)  Repair mechanisms 
E)  All of these are ways that our bodies minimize the effects of toxic compounds

Question 8

Compare three possible dose/response curves resulting from low doses of a toxin. Use a drawing of all three curves in your discussion with appropriate labels. Explain the differences between these responses.

Accepted Answer

The three possible dose/response curves

Question 9

Acute effects of a toxin appear

Accepted Answer

A)  Only after repeated exposure 
B)  Long after exposure 
C)  Immediately after exposure 
D)  When there is sustained contact 
E)  To cause permanent damage if the individual survives the initial exposure 
A)  Only after repeated exposure 
B)  Long after exposure 
C)  Immediately after exposure 
D)  When there is sustained contact 
E)  To cause permanent damage if the individual survives the initial exposure

Question 10

Toxins are problematic because by definition they are

Accepted Answer

A)  flammable. 
B)  irritants. 
C)  poisonous. 
D)  harmful at low doses. 
E)  poisonous and harmful at low doses. 
A)  flammable. 
B)  irritants. 
C)  poisonous. 
D)  harmful at low doses. 
E)  poisonous and harmful at low doses.

Question 11

Toxins that are water soluble move around the environment much more easily than those not soluble in water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Morbidity is another word for

Accepted Answer

A)  Death 
B)  Health 
C)  Unhappiness 
D)  Illness 
E)  Emergent diseases 
A)  Death 
B)  Health 
C)  Unhappiness 
D)  Illness 
E)  Emergent diseases

Question 13

A group of cells that grow extremely fast and begin to obstruct other cells' functions is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  A malignant tumor 
B)  A parasite 
C)  Teratogenesis 
D)  A pathogen 
E)  A benign tumor 
A)  A malignant tumor 
B)  A parasite 
C)  Teratogenesis 
D)  A pathogen 
E)  A benign tumor

Question 14

MRSA is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  antibiotic resistant bacteria 
B)  one of the many regulations that the EPA enforces 
C)  a highly toxic and bioaccumulating substance 
D)  Marine Response and Safety Association 
A)  antibiotic resistant bacteria 
B)  one of the many regulations that the EPA enforces 
C)  a highly toxic and bioaccumulating substance 
D)  Marine Response and Safety Association

Question 15

Health is defined as the absence of disease or disability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Some particles or cells cause immune responses when your body's white blood cells recognize them as foreign objects. These are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  Desensitizers 
B)  Antigens 
C)  Active asphyxiants 
D)  Irritants 
E)  Pollutants 
A)  Desensitizers 
B)  Antigens 
C)  Active asphyxiants 
D)  Irritants 
E)  Pollutants

Question 17

Teratogens cause abnormal growth specifically in

Accepted Answer

A)  Nerve cells 
B)  Muscle cells 
C)  Embryos 
D)  The liver 
E)  Skin cells 
A)  Nerve cells 
B)  Muscle cells 
C)  Embryos 
D)  The liver 
E)  Skin cells

Question 18

Individuals represented by the middle of the dose/response curve (responding to doses of 20 ppm) are ______________ for that population.

Accepted Answer

A)  Very sensitive 
B)  Very insensitive 
C)  About average in sensitivity 
D)  Relatively insensitive 
E)  Relatively sensitive 
A)  Very sensitive 
B)  Very insensitive 
C)  About average in sensitivity 
D)  Relatively insensitive 
E)  Relatively sensitive

Exam 8: Environmental Health and Toxicology

Individuals represented by the right end of the dose/response curve (responding to doses between 30 and 40 ppm) are ____________ to the chemical.

By 2020, all of the following will have moved into the top three leading causes of disease worldwide except

Emergence of ecological diseases is typically associated with human-made changes that upset normal ecological relationships.

Malaria is caused by a parasite that is transmitted by mosquitoes.

Toxins can be dangerous in very small concentrations.

Health organizations now use the ______________, a tool to ______________________.

Our bodies minimize the effects of toxic compounds by all of the following except

Compare three possible dose/response curves resulting from low doses of a toxin. Use a drawing of all three curves in your discussion with appropriate labels. Explain the differences between these responses.

Acute effects of a toxin appear

Toxins are problematic because by definition they are

Toxins that are water soluble move around the environment much more easily than those not soluble in water.

Morbidity is another word for

A group of cells that grow extremely fast and begin to obstruct other cells' functions is known as

MRSA is an example of

Health is defined as the absence of disease or disability.

Some particles or cells cause immune responses when your body's white blood cells recognize them as foreign objects. These are known as

Teratogens cause abnormal growth specifically in

Individuals represented by the middle of the dose/response curve (responding to doses of 20 ppm) are ______________ for that population.

Understanding Our Environment

Principles of Science and Systems

Matter, Energy, and Life

Evolution, Biological Communities, and Species Interactions

Biomes: Global Patterns of Life

Population Biology

Human Populations

Food and Hunger

Farming: Conventional and Sustainable Practices

Biodiversity: Preserving Species

Biodiversity: Preserving Landscapes

Restoration Ecology

Geology and Earth Resources

Climate Change

Air Pollution

Water Use and Management

Water Pollution

Conventional Energy

Sustainable Energy

Solid, Toxic, and Hazardous Waste

Urbanization and Sustainable Cities

Ecological Economics

Environmental Policy, Law, and Planning

What Then Shall We Do

Filters

Health organizations now use the , a tool to ________.