Question 1

What is the aqueous small space between the axon end of one neuron and the cell body of the next neuron called?

Accepted Answer

A)  an axon 
B)  a dendrite 
C)  a synapse 
D)  a vesicle 
A)  an axon 
B)  a dendrite 
C)  a synapse 
D)  a vesicle

Question 2

Which of the following proteins is associated with the receptor site of norepinephrine?

Accepted Answer

A)  G-protein 
B)  K-protein 
C)  F-protein 
D)  P-protein 
A)  G-protein 
B)  K-protein 
C)  F-protein 
D)  P-protein

Question 3

How are neurotransmitters and hormones distinct from each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  by their chemical nature 
B)  by their physiological behavior 
C)  both of these 
D)  none of these 
A)  by their chemical nature 
B)  by their physiological behavior 
C)  both of these 
D)  none of these

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true of the G-protein-adenylate cyclase cascade?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is only associated with monoamine messengers. 
B)  It is only associated with peptidergic messengers. 
C)  It is associated with both monoamine and peptidergic messengers. 
D)  It is associated with neither monoamine nor peptidergic messengers. 
A)  It is only associated with monoamine messengers. 
B)  It is only associated with peptidergic messengers. 
C)  It is associated with both monoamine and peptidergic messengers. 
D)  It is associated with neither monoamine nor peptidergic messengers.

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of a secondary messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)  It assists in the induction of a physiological response in a cell or a tissue. 
B)  It carries a message from the receptor to the inside of a cell. 
C)  Both of these are the functions of a secondary messenger. 
D)  Neither of these are functions of a secondary messenger. 
A)  It assists in the induction of a physiological response in a cell or a tissue. 
B)  It carries a message from the receptor to the inside of a cell. 
C)  Both of these are the functions of a secondary messenger. 
D)  Neither of these are functions of a secondary messenger.

Question 6

Which of the following biological molecules used for cellular communication carry messages from the receptor to the inside of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary messengers 
B)  secondary messengers 
C)  both primary messengers and secondary messengers 
D)  neither primary messengers nor secondary messengers 
A)  primary messengers 
B)  secondary messengers 
C)  both primary messengers and secondary messengers 
D)  neither primary messengers nor secondary messengers

Question 7

Which of the following ions closes the ligand-gated ion channel of NMDA?

Accepted Answer

A)  K+ 
B)  Na+ 
C)  Mg+2 
D)  Ca+2 
A)  K+ 
B)  Na+ 
C)  Mg+2 
D)  Ca+2

Question 8

Which of the following hormones is produced in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  glucagon 
C)  renin 
D)  vasopressin 
A)  insulin 
B)  glucagon 
C)  renin 
D)  vasopressin

Question 9

Which of the following are the hair-like part of a nerve cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  axons 
B)  dendrites 
C)  synapses 
D)  vesicles 
A)  axons 
B)  dendrites 
C)  synapses 
D)  vesicles

Question 10

What is a function of the peptidergic neurotransmitter called substance P?

Accepted Answer

A)  It stimulates appetite. 
B)  It suppresses appetite. 
C)  It suppresses pain. 
D)  It transmits pain signals. 
A)  It stimulates appetite. 
B)  It suppresses appetite. 
C)  It suppresses pain. 
D)  It transmits pain signals.

Question 11

Which of the following hormones can cross the plasma membrane by passive diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  progesterone 
B)  glucagon 
C)  insulin 
D)  epinephrine 
A)  progesterone 
B)  glucagon 
C)  insulin 
D)  epinephrine

Question 12

Which of the following is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A)  aspartic acid 
B)  cysteine 
C)  taurine 
D)  none of these 
A)  aspartic acid 
B)  cysteine 
C)  taurine 
D)  none of these

Question 13

Which of the following ions can pass through the open ion channel of the acetylcholine receptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ca2+ 
B)  K+ 
C)  both Ca2+and K+ 
D)  neither Ca2+ nor K+ 
A)  Ca2+ 
B)  K+ 
C)  both Ca2+and K+ 
D)  neither Ca2+ nor K+

Question 14

What is the function of antidepressants such as Marplan?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases the activity of monoamine oxidases. 
B)  It suppresses the activity of monoamine oxidases. 
C)  It enhances the G-protein−adenylate cyclase cascade. 
D)  It suppress the synthesis of monoamine messengers. 
A)  It increases the activity of monoamine oxidases. 
B)  It suppresses the activity of monoamine oxidases. 
C)  It enhances the G-protein−adenylate cyclase cascade. 
D)  It suppress the synthesis of monoamine messengers.

Question 15

How does cyclic AMP activate a protein kinase?

Accepted Answer

A)  by phosphorylating the regulatory unit 
B)  by dissociating the catalytic unit from the regulatory unit 
C)  by phosphorylating the catalytic unit 
D)  by phosphorylating the ion-translocating protein 
A)  by phosphorylating the regulatory unit 
B)  by dissociating the catalytic unit from the regulatory unit 
C)  by phosphorylating the catalytic unit 
D)  by phosphorylating the ion-translocating protein

Question 16

How much time does it takes for cAMP molecules to amplify a biochemical signal?

Accepted Answer

A)  1-10 milliseconds 
B)  10-100 milliseconds 
C)  0.1 s to a few minutes 
D)  more than 5 minutes 
A)  1-10 milliseconds 
B)  10-100 milliseconds 
C)  0.1 s to a few minutes 
D)  more than 5 minutes

Question 17

Which of the following drugs blocks the receptor and prevents its stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  an agonist drug 
B)  an antagonist drug 
C)  both of these 
D)  none of these 
A)  an agonist drug 
B)  an antagonist drug 
C)  both of these 
D)  none of these

Question 18

Which of the following diseases is associated with an insufficient production of dopamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alzheimer's disease 
B)  Cholera 
C)  Parkinson's disease 
D)  Diphtheria 
A)  Alzheimer's disease 
B)  Cholera 
C)  Parkinson's disease 
D)  Diphtheria

Question 19

What is a function of the brain peptide called neuropeptide Y?

Accepted Answer

A)  It stimulates appetite. 
B)  It suppresses appetite. 
C)  It suppresses pain. 
D)  It transmits pain signals. 
A)  It stimulates appetite. 
B)  It suppresses appetite. 
C)  It suppresses pain. 
D)  It transmits pain signals.

Question 20

Which of the following compounds is an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  γ-aminobutyric acid 
B)  phencyclidine 
C)  taurine 
D)  none of these 
A)  γ-aminobutyric acid 
B)  phencyclidine 
C)  taurine 
D)  none of these

Exam 23: Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

What is the aqueous small space between the axon end of one neuron and the cell body of the next neuron called?

Which of the following proteins is associated with the receptor site of norepinephrine?

How are neurotransmitters and hormones distinct from each other?

Which of the following statements is true of the G-protein-adenylate cyclase cascade?

Which of the following is a function of a secondary messenger?

Which of the following biological molecules used for cellular communication carry messages from the receptor to the inside of the cell?

Which of the following ions closes the ligand-gated ion channel of NMDA?

Which of the following hormones is produced in the kidneys?

Which of the following are the hair-like part of a nerve cell?

What is a function of the peptidergic neurotransmitter called substance P?

Which of the following hormones can cross the plasma membrane by passive diffusion?

Which of the following is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

Which of the following ions can pass through the open ion channel of the acetylcholine receptor?

What is the function of antidepressants such as Marplan?

How does cyclic AMP activate a protein kinase?

How much time does it takes for cAMP molecules to amplify a biochemical signal?

Which of the following drugs blocks the receptor and prevents its stimulation?

Which of the following diseases is associated with an insufficient production of dopamine?

What is a function of the brain peptide called neuropeptide Y?

Which of the following compounds is an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor?

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