Question 1

Which part of the mitochondrion consists of baffle-like structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  the outer mitochondrial membrane 
B)  the cristae 
C)  the intermembrane space 
D)  the matrix 
A)  the outer mitochondrial membrane 
B)  the cristae 
C)  the intermembrane space 
D)  the matrix

Question 2

How is a phosphate group linked to the ribose sugar in an ATP molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  by three phosphoric ester bonds 
B)  by a phosphoric anhydride bond 
C)  by three phosphoric anhydride bonds 
D)  by a phosphoric ester bond 
A)  by three phosphoric ester bonds 
B)  by a phosphoric anhydride bond 
C)  by three phosphoric anhydride bonds 
D)  by a phosphoric ester bond

Question 3

How many molecules of FADH2 are obtained for each acetyl CoA molecule that enters the common catabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four

Question 4

What is the function of CoQ in complex I of the electron and H+ transport chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  It oxidizes FADH2 to FAD. 
B)  It oxidizes NADH to NAD+. 
C)  It reduces FAD to FADH2. 
D)  It reduces NAD+ to NADH. 
A)  It oxidizes FADH2 to FAD. 
B)  It oxidizes NADH to NAD+. 
C)  It reduces FAD to FADH2. 
D)  It reduces NAD+ to NADH.

Question 5

During step 1 of the citric acid cycle, which of the following substrates react to form a citrate ion?

Accepted Answer

A)  isocitrate and oxaloacetate 
B)  oxaloacetate and acetyl CoA 
C)  fumarate and acetyl CoA 
D)  malate and isocitrate 
A)  isocitrate and oxaloacetate 
B)  oxaloacetate and acetyl CoA 
C)  fumarate and acetyl CoA 
D)  malate and isocitrate

Question 6

Examine the structures of the following compounds. Each structure shows the biologically operative part of a biomolecule. Which of the following statements is not a common characteristic of both compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both require two electrons for reduction. 
B)  Both require two hydrogen ions for reduction. 
C)  Both compounds produce electron-transporting molecules on reduction. 
D)  Both are classified as coenzymes. 
E)  All of these statements are common characteristics of both compounds. 
A)  Both require two electrons for reduction. 
B)  Both require two hydrogen ions for reduction. 
C)  Both compounds produce electron-transporting molecules on reduction. 
D)  Both are classified as coenzymes. 
E)  All of these statements are common characteristics of both compounds.

Question 7

Identify a possible outcome of proton movement from the intermembrane space to the matrix.

Accepted Answer

A)  The F0 sector rotates, and the F1 sector converts the mechanical energy of rotation to chemical energy by hydrolyzing ATP. 
B)  The F0 sector rotates, and the F1 sector converts the mechanical energy of rotation to chemical energy by synthesizing ATP. 
C)  The F1 sector rotates, and the F0 sector converts the mechanical energy of rotation to chemical energy by hydrolyzing ATP. 
D)  The F1 sector rotates, and the F0 sector converts the mechanical energy of rotation to chemical energy by synthesizing ATP. 
A)  The F0 sector rotates, and the F1 sector converts the mechanical energy of rotation to chemical energy by hydrolyzing ATP. 
B)  The F0 sector rotates, and the F1 sector converts the mechanical energy of rotation to chemical energy by synthesizing ATP. 
C)  The F1 sector rotates, and the F0 sector converts the mechanical energy of rotation to chemical energy by hydrolyzing ATP. 
D)  The F1 sector rotates, and the F0 sector converts the mechanical energy of rotation to chemical energy by synthesizing ATP.

Question 8

Which of the following is a component of coenzyme A?

Accepted Answer

A)  nicotinamide 
B)  pantothenic acid 
C)  ribitol 
D)  deoxyribose 
A)  nicotinamide 
B)  pantothenic acid 
C)  ribitol 
D)  deoxyribose

Question 9

Which of the following coenzymes helps oxidize succinate to fumarate?

Accepted Answer

A)  FAD 
B)  FADH2 
C)  NAD+ 
D)  NADH 
A)  FAD 
B)  FADH2 
C)  NAD+ 
D)  NADH

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true of acetyl coenzyme A?

Accepted Answer

A)  It provides an entry for fatty acids into the citric acid cycle. 
B)  It provides an entry for amino acids into the citric acid cycle. 
C)  It provides an entry for monosaccharides into the citric acid cycle. 
D)  All of these statements are true of acetyl coenzyme A. 
A)  It provides an entry for fatty acids into the citric acid cycle. 
B)  It provides an entry for amino acids into the citric acid cycle. 
C)  It provides an entry for monosaccharides into the citric acid cycle. 
D)  All of these statements are true of acetyl coenzyme A.

Question 11

Which components of NAD+ are linked to each other by a diphosphate bond?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine, a ribose sugar, and a ribitol molecule 
B)  adenosine diphosphate and a ribose sugar 
C)  nicotinamide and two ribose sugars 
D)  adenosine diphosphate, nicotinamide, and two ribitol molecules 
A)  adenine, a ribose sugar, and a ribitol molecule 
B)  adenosine diphosphate and a ribose sugar 
C)  nicotinamide and two ribose sugars 
D)  adenosine diphosphate, nicotinamide, and two ribitol molecules

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct composition of an FAD coenzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine, flavin, a ribose sugar, and a ribitol molecule linked by a diphosphate bond 
B)  adenine, flavin, and two ribose sugars linked by a diphosphate bond 
C)  adenine, flavin, and two ribose sugars linked by a triphosphate bond 
D)  adenine, flavin, and two ribitol molecules linked by a diphosphate bond 
A)  adenine, flavin, a ribose sugar, and a ribitol molecule linked by a diphosphate bond 
B)  adenine, flavin, and two ribose sugars linked by a diphosphate bond 
C)  adenine, flavin, and two ribose sugars linked by a triphosphate bond 
D)  adenine, flavin, and two ribitol molecules linked by a diphosphate bond

Question 13

Which of the following is a possible outcome of proton overaccumulation in the matrix of a mitochondrion?

Accepted Answer

A)  the breakdown of the proton-translocating ATPase complex 
B)  the inactivation of the proton-translocating ATPase complex 
C)  increased synthesis of ATP by the proton-translocating ATPase complex 
D)  the hydrolysis of ATP by the proton-translocating ATPase complex 
A)  the breakdown of the proton-translocating ATPase complex 
B)  the inactivation of the proton-translocating ATPase complex 
C)  increased synthesis of ATP by the proton-translocating ATPase complex 
D)  the hydrolysis of ATP by the proton-translocating ATPase complex

Question 14

Examine the given diagram of a cell organelle. Which numbered structure in the given diagram has the enzymes of the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 15

Where in the proton-translocating ATPase is ATP synthesized?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the F0 sector 
B)  in the F1 sector 
C)  in both the F0 and the F1 sectors 
D)  neither in the F0 nor in the F1 sector 
A)  in the F0 sector 
B)  in the F1 sector 
C)  in both the F0 and the F1 sectors 
D)  neither in the F0 nor in the F1 sector

Question 16

Which of the following uncoupling proteins is found in brown fat?

Accepted Answer

A)  Troponin 
B)  ATPase 
C)  Thermogenin 
D)  RNAase 
A)  Troponin 
B)  ATPase 
C)  Thermogenin 
D)  RNAase

Question 17

What is the function of CoQ when it is associated with complex II of the electron and H+ transport chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  It oxidizes FADH2 to FAD. 
B)  It oxidizes NADH to NAD+. 
C)  It reduces FAD to FADH2. 
D)  It reduces NAD+ to NADH. 
A)  It oxidizes FADH2 to FAD. 
B)  It oxidizes NADH to NAD+. 
C)  It reduces FAD to FADH2. 
D)  It reduces NAD+ to NADH.

Question 18

Which of the following classes of biological compounds can be used by the body as fuel?

Accepted Answer

A)  only carbohydrates and lipids 
B)  only carbohydrates and proteins 
C)  only lipids and proteins 
D)  all of these 
A)  only carbohydrates and lipids 
B)  only carbohydrates and proteins 
C)  only lipids and proteins 
D)  all of these

Question 19

How many molecules of ATP are obtained for each acetyl CoA molecule that enters the common catabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  nine 
D)  ten 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  nine 
D)  ten

Question 20

Identify a sugar that is present in the nucleotides AMP, ADP, and ATP.

Accepted Answer

A)  fructose 
B)  galactose 
C)  glucose 
D)  ribose 
A)  fructose 
B)  galactose 
C)  glucose 
D)  ribose

Exam 26: Bioenergetics: How the Body Converts Food to Energy

Which part of the mitochondrion consists of baffle-like structures?

How is a phosphate group linked to the ribose sugar in an ATP molecule?

How many molecules of FADH2 are obtained for each acetyl CoA molecule that enters the common catabolic pathway?

What is the function of CoQ in complex I of the electron and H+ transport chain?

During step 1 of the citric acid cycle, which of the following substrates react to form a citrate ion?

Examine the structures of the following compounds. Each structure shows the biologically operative part of a biomolecule. Which of the following statements is not a common characteristic of both compounds?

Identify a possible outcome of proton movement from the intermembrane space to the matrix.

Which of the following is a component of coenzyme A?

Which of the following coenzymes helps oxidize succinate to fumarate?

Which of the following statements is true of acetyl coenzyme A?

Which components of NAD+ are linked to each other by a diphosphate bond?

Which of the following is the correct composition of an FAD coenzyme?

Which of the following is a possible outcome of proton overaccumulation in the matrix of a mitochondrion?

Examine the given diagram of a cell organelle. Which numbered structure in the given diagram has the enzymes of the electron transport chain?

Where in the proton-translocating ATPase is ATP synthesized?

Which of the following uncoupling proteins is found in brown fat?

What is the function of CoQ when it is associated with complex II of the electron and H+ transport chain?

Which of the following classes of biological compounds can be used by the body as fuel?

How many molecules of ATP are obtained for each acetyl CoA molecule that enters the common catabolic pathway?

Identify a sugar that is present in the nucleotides AMP, ADP, and ATP.

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atoms

Chemical Bonds

Chemical Reactions

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions and Colloids

Reaction Rates and Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Alkanes

Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols

Chirality: the Handedness of Molecules

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Anhydrides, Esters, and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Heredity

Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Specific Catabolic Pathways: Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Biosynthetic Pathways

Nutrition

Immunochemistry

Body Fluids

Filters

How many molecules of FADH₂ are obtained for each acetyl CoA molecule that enters the common catabolic pathway?

What is the function of CoQ in complex I of the electron and H⁺ transport chain?

Which components of NAD⁺ are linked to each other by a diphosphate bond?

What is the function of CoQ when it is associated with complex II of the electron and H⁺ transport chain?