Question 1

In which portion of a nephron is lost HCO3− replaced?

Accepted Answer

A)  the distal tubule 
B)  Henle's loop 
C)  the glomerulus 
D)  the proximal tubule 
A)  the distal tubule 
B)  Henle's loop 
C)  the glomerulus 
D)  the proximal tubule

Question 2

Which of the following is the approximate pressure of oxygen in the muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  30 mm Hg 
B)  40 mm Hg 
C)  100 mm Hg 
D)  160 mm Hg 
A)  30 mm Hg 
B)  40 mm Hg 
C)  100 mm Hg 
D)  160 mm Hg

Question 3

Which of the following is involved in the formation of the fibrin network?

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone 
B)  carbonic anhydrase 
C)  renin 
D)  thrombin 
A)  aldosterone 
B)  carbonic anhydrase 
C)  renin 
D)  thrombin

Question 4

Under normal conditions, which of the following hormones is involved in the reabsorption of water?

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  oxytocin 
C)  vasopressin 
D)  none of these 
A)  insulin 
B)  oxytocin 
C)  vasopressin 
D)  none of these

Question 5

Identify the process associated with the maintenance of body temperature and the appropriate levels of nutrients.

Accepted Answer

A)  thrombosis 
B)  hemolysis 
C)  homeostasis 
D)  osmosis 
A)  thrombosis 
B)  hemolysis 
C)  homeostasis 
D)  osmosis

Question 6

Which of the following contains the Bowman's capsule?

Accepted Answer

A)  the nephron 
B)  the urethra 
C)  the ureter 
D)  the vena cava 
A)  the nephron 
B)  the urethra 
C)  the ureter 
D)  the vena cava

Question 7

Approximately what volume of urine does a normal person excrete each day?

Accepted Answer

A)  15 mL 
B)  150 mL 
C)  1,500 mL 
D)  15,000 mL 
A)  15 mL 
B)  150 mL 
C)  1,500 mL 
D)  15,000 mL

Question 8

Which type of drug is occasionally administered to prevent clot formation?

Accepted Answer

A)  beta blockers 
B)  ACE inhibitors 
C)  anticoagulant drugs 
D)  diuretics 
A)  beta blockers 
B)  ACE inhibitors 
C)  anticoagulant drugs 
D)  diuretics

Question 9

Which of the following can readily cross the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cl− 
B)  most anesthetics 
C)  Na+ 
D)  none of these 
A)  Cl− 
B)  most anesthetics 
C)  Na+ 
D)  none of these

Question 10

Examine the following diagram of a kidney nephron and the surrounding circulatory system. Blood enters the capsule and glomerulus. Which of the following components of the blood will eventually pass to the collecting tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea 
B)  creatine 
C)  hippuric acid 
D)  inorganic ions such as Na+ and SO42- 
E)  All of these components pass to the collecting tubule. 
A)  urea 
B)  creatine 
C)  hippuric acid 
D)  inorganic ions such as Na+ and SO42- 
E)  All of these components pass to the collecting tubule.

Question 11

Consider the diagram below. Which of the following correctly represents the components transported by the lettered arrows?

Accepted Answer

A)  A - waste 
B)  B - oxygen 
C)  C - food 
D)  D - carbon dioxide 
E)  Both b and d are correct representations. 
A)  A - waste 
B)  B - oxygen 
C)  C - food 
D)  D - carbon dioxide 
E)  Both b and d are correct representations.

Question 12

Where are baroreceptors located?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the heart 
B)  in the heart. 
C)  in the lungs 
D)  in the neck 
A)  in the heart 
B)  in the heart. 
C)  in the lungs 
D)  in the neck

Question 13

Which of the following products is formed when carbon dioxide binds to hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbonic acid 
B)  carbaminohemoglobin 
C)  oxyhemoglobin 
D)  carbon monoxide 
A)  carbonic acid 
B)  carbaminohemoglobin 
C)  oxyhemoglobin 
D)  carbon monoxide

Question 14

Identify the approximate percentage of plasma in whole blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  25-35% 
B)  50-60% 
C)  70-80% 
D)  85-90% 
A)  25-35% 
B)  50-60% 
C)  70-80% 
D)  85-90%

Question 15

Which of the following diseases is associated with a high leukocyte count?

Accepted Answer

A)  anemia 
B)  polycythemia 
C)  leukemia 
D)  typhoid fever 
A)  anemia 
B)  polycythemia 
C)  leukemia 
D)  typhoid fever

Question 16

Whole blood is centrifuged and then separated into a sediment and plasma. Which of the following would most likely be found in the plasma?

Accepted Answer

A)  erythrocytes 
B)  thrombocytes 
C)  leukocytes 
D)  agranular leukocytes 
E)  none of these 
A)  erythrocytes 
B)  thrombocytes 
C)  leukocytes 
D)  agranular leukocytes 
E)  none of these

Question 17

Which of the following represents lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  erythrocytes 
B)  leukocytes 
C)  thrombocytes 
D)  none of these 
A)  erythrocytes 
B)  leukocytes 
C)  thrombocytes 
D)  none of these

Question 18

What is the volume of whole blood in a person's body who weighs 150 lb?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 L 
B)  6 L 
C)  9 L 
D)  12 L 
A)  3 L 
B)  6 L 
C)  9 L 
D)  12 L

Question 19

How many molecules of CO2 can bind to a molecule of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 20

Which class of drugs that is used to treat hypertension does propranolol belong to?

Accepted Answer

A)  ACE inhibitors 
B)  diuretics 
C)  beta blockers 
D)  vasodilators 
A)  ACE inhibitors 
B)  diuretics 
C)  beta blockers 
D)  vasodilators

Exam 31: Body Fluids

In which portion of a nephron is lost HCO3− replaced?

Which of the following is the approximate pressure of oxygen in the muscles?

Which of the following is involved in the formation of the fibrin network?

Under normal conditions, which of the following hormones is involved in the reabsorption of water?

Identify the process associated with the maintenance of body temperature and the appropriate levels of nutrients.

Which of the following contains the Bowman's capsule?

Approximately what volume of urine does a normal person excrete each day?

Which type of drug is occasionally administered to prevent clot formation?

Which of the following can readily cross the blood-brain barrier?

Examine the following diagram of a kidney nephron and the surrounding circulatory system. Blood enters the capsule and glomerulus. Which of the following components of the blood will eventually pass to the collecting tubule?

Consider the diagram below. Which of the following correctly represents the components transported by the lettered arrows?

Where are baroreceptors located?

Which of the following products is formed when carbon dioxide binds to hemoglobin?

Identify the approximate percentage of plasma in whole blood.

Which of the following diseases is associated with a high leukocyte count?

Whole blood is centrifuged and then separated into a sediment and plasma. Which of the following would most likely be found in the plasma?

Which of the following represents lymphocytes?

What is the volume of whole blood in a person's body who weighs 150 lb?

How many molecules of CO2 can bind to a molecule of hemoglobin?

Which class of drugs that is used to treat hypertension does propranolol belong to?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atoms

Chemical Bonds

Chemical Reactions

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions and Colloids

Reaction Rates and Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Alkanes

Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols

Chirality: the Handedness of Molecules

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Anhydrides, Esters, and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Heredity

Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Bioenergetics: How the Body Converts Food to Energy

Specific Catabolic Pathways: Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Biosynthetic Pathways

Nutrition

Immunochemistry

Filters

In which portion of a nephron is lost HCO₃⁻ replaced?

How many molecules of CO₂ can bind to a molecule of hemoglobin?