Exam 11: Weight and Body Composition

When male athletes are trying to increase muscle tissue, it is generally recommended that they increase their caloric intake by about 400 to 500 kcal daily.

When compared to male athletes in similar sports, females usually have a higher percentage of body fat.

Discuss the safety and side effects of ephedrine-containing supplements.

Athletes who restrict energy intake should increase protein intake to at least 1.4 g/kg of body weight to protect against large losses of lean body mass.

Measuring weight on a daily basis can help athletes ____.

In underwater weighing if the individual being tested is unable to exhale all of the air down to residual volume the extra air in the lungs results in an error that underestimates body fat.

Essential fat in adult males is estimated to be about ____ percent of body weight.

Athletes who restrict energy intake should increase protein intake to at least ____ g/kg of body weight to protect against large losses of lean body mass.

Traditionally, the Chinese have used ma huang to ____.

There is significant evidence that bitter orange enhances fat metabolism.

Weight cycling may cause a(n) ____.

Select the key term that is most associated with the description below. Each term is used only once. a. Technician training and consistency are critical; can introduce a large degree of error b. Low SEE but additional research needed before it can be considered the new gold standard of body composition assessment c. Use in athletes is hampered by need to follow restrictive pre-measurement guidelines related to exercise and caffeine intake d. Subject error may be substantial e. The procedures are not disruptive for the subject as only one site on the body is typically measured f. Typically described as being slightly built with less-developed muscle mass and fat stores g. Characterized as being stocky, with wide hips and a tendency to easily gain body fat, especially visceral fat h. An expression of the ability to produce force in a short amount of time relative to body mass i. The amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal, voluntary exhalation j. Can gain muscle mass relatively easily and typically do not have excessive amounts of body fat -Near-infrared interactance (NIR)

It is generally recommended that athletes decrease body fat before increasing muscle mass because reducing body fat will provide a greater performance benefit than increasing muscle mass.

The majority of research studies conclude that weight cycling results in a decrease in resting metabolic rate over the long term.

Select the key term that is most associated with the description below. Each term is used only once. a. Technician training and consistency are critical; can introduce a large degree of error b. Low SEE but additional research needed before it can be considered the new gold standard of body composition assessment c. Use in athletes is hampered by need to follow restrictive pre-measurement guidelines related to exercise and caffeine intake d. Subject error may be substantial e. The procedures are not disruptive for the subject as only one site on the body is typically measured f. Typically described as being slightly built with less-developed muscle mass and fat stores g. Characterized as being stocky, with wide hips and a tendency to easily gain body fat, especially visceral fat h. An expression of the ability to produce force in a short amount of time relative to body mass i. The amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal, voluntary exhalation j. Can gain muscle mass relatively easily and typically do not have excessive amounts of body fat -Underwater weighing

Select the key term that is most associated with the description below. Each term is used only once. a. Technician training and consistency are critical; can introduce a large degree of error b. Low SEE but additional research needed before it can be considered the new gold standard of body composition assessment c. Use in athletes is hampered by need to follow restrictive pre-measurement guidelines related to exercise and caffeine intake d. Subject error may be substantial e. The procedures are not disruptive for the subject as only one site on the body is typically measured f. Typically described as being slightly built with less-developed muscle mass and fat stores g. Characterized as being stocky, with wide hips and a tendency to easily gain body fat, especially visceral fat h. An expression of the ability to produce force in a short amount of time relative to body mass i. The amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal, voluntary exhalation j. Can gain muscle mass relatively easily and typically do not have excessive amounts of body fat -Mesomorphs

Use of anabolic steroids by males may lead to a decrease in testicle size, early-onset baldness, and development of breast tissue.

What are prohormones?

Which method of testing body composition has a SEE of approximately ±1.8 percent?

Androstenedione is banned by most sports-governing bodies, which consider its use unethical and unsafe.