Question 1

An injury to the occipital lobe will likely impair function of the

Accepted Answer

A)  primary visual cortex. 
B)  thalamus. 
C)  optic chiasma. 
D)  sense of taste. 
E)  sense of touch. 
A)  primary visual cortex. 
B)  thalamus. 
C)  optic chiasma. 
D)  sense of taste. 
E)  sense of touch.

Question 2

-Myosin filaments without actin overlap are in which section of the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 3

Proteins coded by a very large family of related genes are active in the sensory transduction of

Accepted Answer

A)  gustatory stimuli. 
B)  olfactory stimuli. 
C)  visual stimuli. 
D)  auditory stimuli. 
E)  stimuli related to the position of the head. 
A)  gustatory stimuli. 
B)  olfactory stimuli. 
C)  visual stimuli. 
D)  auditory stimuli. 
E)  stimuli related to the position of the head.

Question 4

Calcium ions regulate contraction of smooth muscle cells by binding to

Accepted Answer

A)  troponin. 
B)  tropomyosin. 
C)  actin. 
D)  myosin. 
E)  calmodulin. 
A)  troponin. 
B)  tropomyosin. 
C)  actin. 
D)  myosin. 
E)  calmodulin.

Question 5

Muscle cells are stimulated by neurotransmitters released from the synaptic terminals of

Accepted Answer

A)  T tubules. 
B)  motor neuron axons. 
C)  sensory neuron axons. 
D)  motor neuron dendrites. 
E)  sensory neuron dendrites. 
A)  T tubules. 
B)  motor neuron axons. 
C)  sensory neuron axons. 
D)  motor neuron dendrites. 
E)  sensory neuron dendrites.

Question 6

Tastes and smells are similar in that

Accepted Answer

A)  both types of stimuli are present in thousands of different chemicals. 
B)  both types of stimuli must be dissolved in a body fluid before they can be detected. 
C)  both types of stimuli are proteins (that is, molecules of very large size and high molecular weight). 
D)  both types of stimuli evoke action potentials in the cells to which they bind. 
E)  any given stimulus for one system evokes a response from the other system. 
A)  both types of stimuli are present in thousands of different chemicals. 
B)  both types of stimuli must be dissolved in a body fluid before they can be detected. 
C)  both types of stimuli are proteins (that is, molecules of very large size and high molecular weight). 
D)  both types of stimuli evoke action potentials in the cells to which they bind. 
E)  any given stimulus for one system evokes a response from the other system.

Question 7

A ball-and-socket joint connects

Accepted Answer

A)  the radius to the ulna. 
B)  the radius to the humerus. 
C)  the ulna to the humerus. 
D)  the humerus to the scapula. 
E)  the radius to the scapula. 
A)  the radius to the ulna. 
B)  the radius to the humerus. 
C)  the ulna to the humerus. 
D)  the humerus to the scapula. 
E)  the radius to the scapula.

Question 8

Action potentials in the heart move from one contractile cell to the next via

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical synapses using acetylcholine. 
B)  chemical synapses using norepinephrine. 
C)  electrical synapses using gap junctions. 
D)  myelinated motor neurons. 
E)  non-myelinated motor neurons. 
A)  chemical synapses using acetylcholine. 
B)  chemical synapses using norepinephrine. 
C)  electrical synapses using gap junctions. 
D)  myelinated motor neurons. 
E)  non-myelinated motor neurons.

Question 9

A skeletal muscle deprived of adequate ATP supplies will

Accepted Answer

A)  immediately relax. 
B)  release all actin-myosin bonds. 
C)  enter a state where actin and myosin are unable to separate. 
D)  fire many more action potentials than usual and enter a state of "rigor." 
E)  sequester all free calcium ions into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
A)  immediately relax. 
B)  release all actin-myosin bonds. 
C)  enter a state where actin and myosin are unable to separate. 
D)  fire many more action potentials than usual and enter a state of "rigor." 
E)  sequester all free calcium ions into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 10

The following questions refer to this diagram of the ear.
  
-The structure involved in equalizing the pressure between the ear and the atmosphere is represented by number

Accepted Answer

A)  7. 
B)  1. 
C)  8. 
D)  9. 
E)  10. 
A)  7. 
B)  1. 
C)  8. 
D)  9. 
E)  10.

Question 11

Which sensory distinction is not encoded by a difference in neuron identity?

Accepted Answer

A)  white and red 
B)  red and green 
C)  loud and faint 
D)  salty and sweet 
E)  spicy and cool 
A)  white and red 
B)  red and green 
C)  loud and faint 
D)  salty and sweet 
E)  spicy and cool

Question 12

An endoskeleton is the primary body support for the

Accepted Answer

A)  annelids, including earthworms. 
B)  insects, including beetles. 
C)  cartilaginous fishes, including sharks. 
D)  bivalves, including clams. 
E)  crustaceans, including lobsters. 
A)  annelids, including earthworms. 
B)  insects, including beetles. 
C)  cartilaginous fishes, including sharks. 
D)  bivalves, including clams. 
E)  crustaceans, including lobsters.

Question 13

The lateral line system in fish transduces sensory information in a manner that, among these choices, is most similar to

Accepted Answer

A)  human vision. 
B)  human olfaction. 
C)  human gustation. 
D)  human vestibular sense. 
E)  human thermoreception. 
A)  human vision. 
B)  human olfaction. 
C)  human gustation. 
D)  human vestibular sense. 
E)  human thermoreception.

Question 14

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle all have

Accepted Answer

A)  A bands and I bands. 
B)  transverse tubules. 
C)  gap junctions. 
D)  motor units. 
E)  thick and thin filaments. 
A)  A bands and I bands. 
B)  transverse tubules. 
C)  gap junctions. 
D)  motor units. 
E)  thick and thin filaments.

Question 15

The sand grains or other dense materials resting on mechanoreceptors used by most invertebrates to sense gravity are called

Accepted Answer

A)  cochlea. 
B)  statoliths. 
C)  stapes. 
D)  pinnae. 
E)  antennae. 
A)  cochlea. 
B)  statoliths. 
C)  stapes. 
D)  pinnae. 
E)  antennae.

Question 16

Sustained muscle contraction without relaxation between successive stimuli is called

Accepted Answer

A)  tonus. 
B)  fused tetanus. 
C)  an all-or-none response. 
D)  fatigue. 
E)  a spasm. 
A)  tonus. 
B)  fused tetanus. 
C)  an all-or-none response. 
D)  fatigue. 
E)  a spasm.

Question 17

Mechanoreceptors that react to low frequency waves are part of the

Accepted Answer

A)  human sense of taste. 
B)  pain receptors in birds. 
C)  human sense of smell. 
D)  lateral line systems in fish. 
E)  eyes in arthropods. 
A)  human sense of taste. 
B)  pain receptors in birds. 
C)  human sense of smell. 
D)  lateral line systems in fish. 
E)  eyes in arthropods.

Question 18

Among these choices, the most energetically efficient locomotion per unit mass is likely

Accepted Answer

A)  running by a 50-gram rodent. 
B)  running by a 40-kg ungulate. 
C)  flying by a 100-g bird. 
D)  swimming by a 10-g minnow (bony fish). 
E)  swimming by a 100-kg tuna (bony fish). 
A)  running by a 50-gram rodent. 
B)  running by a 40-kg ungulate. 
C)  flying by a 100-g bird. 
D)  swimming by a 10-g minnow (bony fish). 
E)  swimming by a 100-kg tuna (bony fish).

Question 19

The following questions refer to this diagram of the ear.
  
-The sense of head motion begins with sensory transduction by the structures at which numbers?

Accepted Answer

A)  2, 3, and 4. 
B)  2, 5, and 7. 
C)  4. 
D)  5. 
E)  7 and 8. 
A)  2, 3, and 4. 
B)  2, 5, and 7. 
C)  4. 
D)  5. 
E)  7 and 8.

Question 20

The correct sequence of sensory processing is

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory adaptation → stimulus reception → sensory transduction → sensory perception. 
B)  stimulus reception → sensory transduction → sensory perception → sensory adaptation. 
C)  sensory perception → stimulus reception → sensory transduction → sensory adaptation. 
D)  sensory perception → sensory transduction → stimulus reception → sensory adaptation. 
E)  stimulus reception → sensory perception → sensory adaptation → sensory transduction. 
A)  sensory adaptation → stimulus reception → sensory transduction → sensory perception. 
B)  stimulus reception → sensory transduction → sensory perception → sensory adaptation. 
C)  sensory perception → stimulus reception → sensory transduction → sensory adaptation. 
D)  sensory perception → sensory transduction → stimulus reception → sensory adaptation. 
E)  stimulus reception → sensory perception → sensory adaptation → sensory transduction.

Exam 50: Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

An injury to the occipital lobe will likely impair function of the

-Myosin filaments without actin overlap are in which section of the figure?

Proteins coded by a very large family of related genes are active in the sensory transduction of

Calcium ions regulate contraction of smooth muscle cells by binding to

Muscle cells are stimulated by neurotransmitters released from the synaptic terminals of

Tastes and smells are similar in that

A ball-and-socket joint connects

Action potentials in the heart move from one contractile cell to the next via

A skeletal muscle deprived of adequate ATP supplies will

The following questions refer to this diagram of the ear. -The structure involved in equalizing the pressure between the ear and the atmosphere is represented by number

Which sensory distinction is not encoded by a difference in neuron identity?

An endoskeleton is the primary body support for the

The lateral line system in fish transduces sensory information in a manner that, among these choices, is most similar to

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle all have

The sand grains or other dense materials resting on mechanoreceptors used by most invertebrates to sense gravity are called

Sustained muscle contraction without relaxation between successive stimuli is called

Mechanoreceptors that react to low frequency waves are part of the

Among these choices, the most energetically efficient locomotion per unit mass is likely

The following questions refer to this diagram of the ear. -The sense of head motion begins with sensory transduction by the structures at which numbers?

The correct sequence of sensory processing is

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters