Exam 2: Biopsychology, Neuroscience, and Human Nature

Over many millions of years, the human species has changed to adapt to its environment. As an example, this process of change has favored larger brains to allow for the use of language, complex problem solving, and social interaction. This process is called

Which of the following is true about myelin?

Multiple sclerosis is a disease that involves problems with the

Behavior consistently found in a species is likely to have a genetic basis that evolved because the behavior has been adaptive. Which of the following human behaviors illustrate this concept?

Most people are aware that regular aerobic exercise helps to reduce obesity and prevent the development of some forms of diabetes. Recent research finds that the mechanism may not just be through sweating off the pounds, but rather that such exercise may silence genes associated with these health problems. This demonstrates the importance of the science of

Jack suffered a brain injury as a result of hitting his head while waterskiing. One of the problems that developed was that Jack could not pronounce certain words correctly for a long period of time until he had extensive speech therapy and can now speak as he did before his accident. This is an example of the brain's ______, which allowed the structure and function of his brain cells to change to adjust to the trauma.

________ neurons carry messages to the brain and are therefore able to help us know about what is going on in our surroundings.

A unique feature of the fMRI, as compared to the MRI, is the capacity to

Because the human brain is already programmed for language at birth, we can say that language is a(n) ________ behavioral tendency.

Since Jessica suffered a head injury in a car accident 3 months ago, she has not experienced dreams as she had in the past. She used to dream vivid, active dreams. Which part of her brain most likely was affected during the car accident and is related to her problem dreaming?

Dendrite is to axon as:

Damage to the ________ is the most likely explanation for a brain injury that has devastating effects on human action and personality.

The pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands, as well as the gonads, are all part of a slower communication system in the body called the ________ system.

Phineas Gage tragically had a tamping iron propelled through his head. Both the left and right sides of the prefrontal cortex were severely damaged. As a result of the accident, Phineas Gage

Which of the following individuals is MOST likely to suffer a traumatic brain injury?

The sexual desire of a woman is primarily determined by hormones produced by her

Damage to the ________ would be expected to impair your ability to name three exciting news events that occurred after this damage to your brain.

Research notes that extensive exposure to pornography can have significant negative effects on the brain as a result of neurological rewiring. It appears that this plasticity can be reversed through a process called rebooting. What does this involve?

The idea that the pituitary gland is the "master gland"

A patient who is paralyzed and can no longer control her hands or arms may benefit from a brain implant in the ________ cortex. This sort of technology may help her regain some control over smooth movements of these extremities.