Question 1

Which of the following is an explanation of why we sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sleep allows us to conserve energy. 
B)  Sleep promotes memory. 
C)  Sleep clears the brain of useless information. 
D)  Sleep helps us to avoid harm at night. 
E)  All of these answers are correct. 
A)  Sleep allows us to conserve energy. 
B)  Sleep promotes memory. 
C)  Sleep clears the brain of useless information. 
D)  Sleep helps us to avoid harm at night. 
E)  All of these answers are correct. E

Question 2

After taking a drug for several years, Bruce decides to quit taking the drug. He begins to experience a variety of physical symptoms, psychological symptoms such as irritability, and a strong craving for the substance. What term is used to describe what Bruce is experiencing?

Accepted Answer

A)  toleranc. 
B)  physical dependence 
C)  withdrawa. 
D)  drug intoxication 
E)  a synergistic reaction 
A)  toleranc. 
B)  physical dependence 
C)  withdrawa. 
D)  drug intoxication 
E)  a synergistic reaction C

Question 3

How does Ernest Hilgard explain hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypnosis increases dopamine levels in the body. 
B)  People merely fake being hypnotized. 
C)  Hypnotized individuals dissociate the conscious mind into an immediate part and a "hidden observer" part. 
D)  Hypnosis results in an altered state of consciousness that alters brain waves in regions of the brain. 
A)  Hypnosis increases dopamine levels in the body. 
B)  People merely fake being hypnotized. 
C)  Hypnotized individuals dissociate the conscious mind into an immediate part and a "hidden observer" part. 
D)  Hypnosis results in an altered state of consciousness that alters brain waves in regions of the brain. C

Question 4

As Rashawn is studying for his psychology exam, he decides to avoid simply memorizing the vocabulary terms from the textbook and instead puts the terms into his own words. This technique, which may improve his overall test grade, is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  practicing elaborative rehearsal. 
B)  anticipating the most likely cues. 
C)  utilizing familiar mnemonics. 
D)  looking for connections among concepts. 
E)  using both massed and distributed practice. 
A)  practicing elaborative rehearsal. 
B)  anticipating the most likely cues. 
C)  utilizing familiar mnemonics. 
D)  looking for connections among concepts. 
E)  using both massed and distributed practice.

Question 5

Narcolepsy occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  REM sleep intrudes into wakefulness. 
B)  NREM sleep intrudes into wakefulness. 
C)  inadequate sleep occurs over a period of weeks. 
D)  inadequate levels of Stage 4 sleep cause neurological damage. 
E)  the air passages become blocked and a person "chokes" in their sleep. 
A)  REM sleep intrudes into wakefulness. 
B)  NREM sleep intrudes into wakefulness. 
C)  inadequate sleep occurs over a period of weeks. 
D)  inadequate levels of Stage 4 sleep cause neurological damage. 
E)  the air passages become blocked and a person "chokes" in their sleep.

Question 6

Freud believed that dreams

Accepted Answer

A)  stem from unconscious conflicts, memories, and desires. 
B)  are sexual perversions. 
C)  are reflections of consciousness. 
D)  are ways to solve problems. 
E)  are the brain's attempt to make sense of random neural firing while we sleep. 
A)  stem from unconscious conflicts, memories, and desires. 
B)  are sexual perversions. 
C)  are reflections of consciousness. 
D)  are ways to solve problems. 
E)  are the brain's attempt to make sense of random neural firing while we sleep.

Question 7

Your friend has experienced excessive daytime sleepiness. He is laughing with you and suddenly falls to the ground. Your friend is probably suffering from

Accepted Answer

A)  narcolepsy. 
B)  parasomnia. 
C)  REM rebound. 
D)  sleep apnea. 
E)  insomnia. 
A)  narcolepsy. 
B)  parasomnia. 
C)  REM rebound. 
D)  sleep apnea. 
E)  insomnia.

Question 8

Which of the following pairs belong together?

Accepted Answer

A)  LSD; tetrahydrocannabinol 
B)  marijuana; psilocybin 
C)  MDMA; acetylcholin. 
D)  marijuana; tetrahydrocannabino. 
E)  alcohol; ethylene-diamine-tetra acetic acid 
A)  LSD; tetrahydrocannabinol 
B)  marijuana; psilocybin 
C)  MDMA; acetylcholin. 
D)  marijuana; tetrahydrocannabino. 
E)  alcohol; ethylene-diamine-tetra acetic acid

Question 9

Our cyclical changes in consciousness are an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  our interests. 
B)  biological tides. 
C)  our circadian rhythms. 
D)  what others tell us. 
E)  our genotypes. 
A)  our interests. 
B)  biological tides. 
C)  our circadian rhythms. 
D)  what others tell us. 
E)  our genotypes.

Question 10

Preconscious memories are thought to

Accepted Answer

A)  function in the background until they are needed. 
B)  detect changes in biological functioning and regulate them without conscious awareness. 
C)  involve automatic cognitive processing of information. 
D)  stem from the need to repress traumatic memories or taboo desires. 
E)  cannot be brought to conscious memory because they are buried too deep. 
A)  function in the background until they are needed. 
B)  detect changes in biological functioning and regulate them without conscious awareness. 
C)  involve automatic cognitive processing of information. 
D)  stem from the need to repress traumatic memories or taboo desires. 
E)  cannot be brought to conscious memory because they are buried too deep.

Question 11

Consciousness must process information _________, while nonconscious brain circuits can process many streams of information in _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  personally; parallel 
B)  in parallel; serial fashio. 
C)  in parallel; parallel 
D)  serially; serial fashion 
E)  serially; parallel 
A)  personally; parallel 
B)  in parallel; serial fashio. 
C)  in parallel; parallel 
D)  serially; serial fashion 
E)  serially; parallel

Question 12

The two most important symptoms of physical dependence on a drug are

Accepted Answer

A)  tolerance and failing to attend important occasions due to substance use. 
B)  withdrawal and substance abuse. 
C)  tolerance and withdrawal. 
D)  intolerance of most anything and withdrawal. 
E)  the development of narcoleptic spells and an increase in night terror episodes. 
A)  tolerance and failing to attend important occasions due to substance use. 
B)  withdrawal and substance abuse. 
C)  tolerance and withdrawal. 
D)  intolerance of most anything and withdrawal. 
E)  the development of narcoleptic spells and an increase in night terror episodes.

Question 13

Selma notices that as her supply of marijuana decreases, she starts thinking more and more about where she can get another supply, as well as feeling nervous and anxious. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  withdrawal. 
B)  tolerance. 
C)  physiological dependence. 
D)  psychological dependence. 
E)  intoxication. 
A)  withdrawal. 
B)  tolerance. 
C)  physiological dependence. 
D)  psychological dependence. 
E)  intoxication.

Question 14

Which of the following is the "critical issue" when it comes to Sigmund Freud's theory of the unconscious?

Accepted Answer

A)  whether the unconscious is part of one's awareness from the moment of birth or must develop over the first several years of life 
B)  whether sexual and aggressive urges operate primarily at an unconscious level and in conflict with each other 
C)  whether the unconscious actually exists and is open to scientific validation using appropriate research methods 
D)  if people can, with training, become consciously tapped into their unconscious in the same way that biofeedback can help them gain control over involuntarily physical functions 
E)  whether ego defense mechanisms that keep unconscious conflict hidden from awareness are adaptive or maladaptive 
A)  whether the unconscious is part of one's awareness from the moment of birth or must develop over the first several years of life 
B)  whether sexual and aggressive urges operate primarily at an unconscious level and in conflict with each other 
C)  whether the unconscious actually exists and is open to scientific validation using appropriate research methods 
D)  if people can, with training, become consciously tapped into their unconscious in the same way that biofeedback can help them gain control over involuntarily physical functions 
E)  whether ego defense mechanisms that keep unconscious conflict hidden from awareness are adaptive or maladaptive

Question 15

The pattern of human physiological processes that seems to be controlled by an internal "biological clock" is

Accepted Answer

A)  unaffected by the world's daylight-dark cycles. 
B)  coordinated in the hypothalamus. 
C)  set on a 12-hour cycle. 
D)  identical for all people. 
E)  unrelated to work schedules and travel. 
A)  unaffected by the world's daylight-dark cycles. 
B)  coordinated in the hypothalamus. 
C)  set on a 12-hour cycle. 
D)  identical for all people. 
E)  unrelated to work schedules and travel.

Question 16

When he goes to his first college party, Victor gets totally drunk from one beer. His friends tease him the next day for being a "lightweight." Several years later, after having gone partying and drinking every weekend, Victor is now able to drink a six-pack of beer without getting tipsy at all. Victor's body has developed ________ to alcohol.

Accepted Answer

A)  synergistic effects 
B)  cross-intoxication 
C)  withdrawal 
D)  tolerance 
E)  immunity 
A)  synergistic effects 
B)  cross-intoxication 
C)  withdrawal 
D)  tolerance 
E)  immunity

Question 17

You find it hard to sleep due to your roommate's sleeping behavior. She snores quite a bit and at times it sounds as though she has great difficulty breathing. Your roommate may have

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep apnea. 
B)  night terrors. 
C)  nightmares. 
D)  narcolepsy. 
E)  somnambulism. 
A)  sleep apnea. 
B)  night terrors. 
C)  nightmares. 
D)  narcolepsy. 
E)  somnambulism.

Question 18

Sigmund Freud would agree with all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  dreams represent the unconscious. 
B)  early memories could be found in dreams. 
C)  the key to analyzing a dream will be found in the latent content. 
D)  Freud never really believed that dreams represented the unconscious. 
E)  dreams have two primary levels of content. 
A)  dreams represent the unconscious. 
B)  early memories could be found in dreams. 
C)  the key to analyzing a dream will be found in the latent content. 
D)  Freud never really believed that dreams represented the unconscious. 
E)  dreams have two primary levels of content.

Question 19

________ may be treated using a device that pumps air into a person's lungs and keeps the airway open during sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  Narcoleps. 
B)  Cataplexy 
C)  Sleep paralysis 
D)  Insomnia 
E)  Sleep apne. 
A)  Narcoleps. 
B)  Cataplexy 
C)  Sleep paralysis 
D)  Insomnia 
E)  Sleep apne.

Question 20

Walking and chewing gum at the same time would, for most people, be _________ processes.

Accepted Answer

A)  preconscious 
B)  nonconscious 
C)  subconscious 
D)  semiconsciou. 
E)  conscious 
A)  preconscious 
B)  nonconscious 
C)  subconscious 
D)  semiconsciou. 
E)  conscious

Which of the following is an explanation of why we sleep?

After taking a drug for several years, Bruce decides to quit taking the drug. He begins to experience a variety of physical symptoms, psychological symptoms such as irritability, and a strong craving for the substance. What term is used to describe what Bruce is experiencing?

How does Ernest Hilgard explain hypnosis?

As Rashawn is studying for his psychology exam, he decides to avoid simply memorizing the vocabulary terms from the textbook and instead puts the terms into his own words. This technique, which may improve his overall test grade, is an example of

Narcolepsy occurs when

Freud believed that dreams

Your friend has experienced excessive daytime sleepiness. He is laughing with you and suddenly falls to the ground. Your friend is probably suffering from

Which of the following pairs belong together?

Our cyclical changes in consciousness are an example of

Preconscious memories are thought to

Consciousness must process information _, while nonconscious brain circuits can process many streams of information in _.

The two most important symptoms of physical dependence on a drug are

Selma notices that as her supply of marijuana decreases, she starts thinking more and more about where she can get another supply, as well as feeling nervous and anxious. This is an example of

Which of the following is the "critical issue" when it comes to Sigmund Freud's theory of the unconscious?

The pattern of human physiological processes that seems to be controlled by an internal "biological clock" is

You find it hard to sleep due to your roommate's sleeping behavior. She snores quite a bit and at times it sounds as though she has great difficulty breathing. Your roommate may have

Sigmund Freud would agree with all of the following EXCEPT

________ may be treated using a device that pumps air into a person's lungs and keeps the airway open during sleep.

Walking and chewing gum at the same time would, for most people, be _________ processes.

Mind, Behavior, and Psychological Science

Biopsychology, Neuroscience, and Human Nature

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Human Nurture

Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Development Over the Lifespan

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapies for Psychological Disorders

Stress, Health, and Well-Being

Filters

Exam 8: States of Consciousness

Which of the following is an explanation of why we sleep?

After taking a drug for several years, Bruce decides to quit taking the drug. He begins to experience a variety of physical symptoms, psychological symptoms such as irritability, and a strong craving for the substance. What term is used to describe what Bruce is experiencing?

How does Ernest Hilgard explain hypnosis?

As Rashawn is studying for his psychology exam, he decides to avoid simply memorizing the vocabulary terms from the textbook and instead puts the terms into his own words. This technique, which may improve his overall test grade, is an example of

Narcolepsy occurs when

Freud believed that dreams

Your friend has experienced excessive daytime sleepiness. He is laughing with you and suddenly falls to the ground. Your friend is probably suffering from

Which of the following pairs belong together?

Our cyclical changes in consciousness are an example of

Preconscious memories are thought to

Consciousness must process information _________, while nonconscious brain circuits can process many streams of information in _________.

The two most important symptoms of physical dependence on a drug are

Selma notices that as her supply of marijuana decreases, she starts thinking more and more about where she can get another supply, as well as feeling nervous and anxious. This is an example of

Which of the following is the "critical issue" when it comes to Sigmund Freud's theory of the unconscious?

The pattern of human physiological processes that seems to be controlled by an internal "biological clock" is

You find it hard to sleep due to your roommate's sleeping behavior. She snores quite a bit and at times it sounds as though she has great difficulty breathing. Your roommate may have

Sigmund Freud would agree with all of the following EXCEPT

________ may be treated using a device that pumps air into a person's lungs and keeps the airway open during sleep.

Walking and chewing gum at the same time would, for most people, be _________ processes.

Mind, Behavior, and Psychological Science

Biopsychology, Neuroscience, and Human Nature

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Human Nurture

Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Development Over the Lifespan

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapies for Psychological Disorders

Stress, Health, and Well-Being

Filters

Consciousness must process information _, while nonconscious brain circuits can process many streams of information in _.