Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning.

Many of the emotional (positive or negative)attitudes that people develop toward foods, political parties, and ethnic groups were developed in childhood by observing how their parents responded to these same foods or groups.Thus, these reactions were probably conditioned

Chimpanzees have been taught to work for tokens to be used in a "Chimp-O-Mat," which dispensed grapes and raisins.In these experiments, the tokens were considered__________ reinforcers.

Learned responses that are not reinforced will gradually weaken or disappear through a process known as

Negative attention seeking will develop in some children because

Regarding the use of punishment for training or discipline, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Ms.Reed's emotional reaction to her ordeal of being trapped in an elevator for several hours has generalized to a fear of all enclosed spaces.This is an example of

Because you can think about past events and even imagine events in your future, you, like all humans, are

Professional football players watch hours of videos of their game performance analyzed by their coaches.This is an example of the use of which of the following to improve performance?

Anthony wears his lucky socks every time he has a baseball game because the socks were accidentally paired with a good RBI.Anthony's behavior is an example of

An emotional response that has been linked by classical conditioning to a previously nonemotional stimulus is called a(n)

Responding is reliably increased by

Each time the owner of an aquarium turns on the aquarium light, the fish gather in the corner in which he routinely places food.Because he always turns the light on before feeding the fish, their actions demonstrate

You work with a loud and obnoxious person and try to end your conversation with him as soon as possible, which illustrates __________learning.

Learning the latest dance step by watching others on television is an example of which kind of learning?

Watching and imitating the actions of another person or noting the consequences of those actions is called observational learning, or

If you study to relieve your fear of receiving an F on the upcoming test, then your studying has increased due to

The unconditioned stimulus, by definition, leads to a(n)

The first step in a behavioral self-management plan is to establish goals.

Reinforcement is most effective

The first grade teacher gives students stickers when they perform well.If they earn five stickers in one day they are exempt from homework.The stickers in this example could also be called