Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning.

The gradual molding of responses to a desired pattern is known as

Regarding the use of punishment with children, which of the following statements is FALSE?

We pick up phones that are ringing, but rarely answer phones that are silent.This is an example of

A child shows fear when sitting in a dentist's chair, but does not become frightened when he is placed in the similar-looking barber's chair.Regarding the two chairs, this child is exhibiting

Associative learning occurs whenever a person or an animal forms a simple connection among various

Cynthia is an elementary classroom teacher who often yells and humiliates her students when they misbehave.A fellow teacher suggests that she use praise, approval, and rewards to change the students' behaviors.According to research, what would you tell Cynthia?

Forming a connection between the stimulus of seeing a particular food and the response of feeling nauseous would be a type of __________learning.

When Marta is scolded by her mother for teasing the cat, she stops doing this particular misbehavior.Thus, for Marta, scolding serves as a

On your cell phone, you have one ring tone for people you want to speak to, one ring tone for people you do not want to speak to, and another ring tone for calls from strangers.In fact, anyone can clearly observe that you show different telephone answering behaviors in response to these different ring tones.Thus, these ring tones serve as

Which of the following occurs whenever a person or animal forms a simple connection among various stimuli and/or responses?

Which of the following best describes the conditions leading to the maximum effectiveness of punishment?

Punishment works best when it is

Events that precede a response are called consequences, while the effects that follow a response are called antecedents.

In a classic experiment, two groups of rats explored a maze with the first group being rewarded with food at the end of the maze, while the second group wandered the maze but were unrewarded and showed no signs of learning.Later, when the second group was rewarded with food at the end of the maze, this second group of "uneducated" rats

Which of the following is an example of latent learning?

Whenever you are trying to learn a complex skill, which of the following will almost always improve your learning and performance?

Fears and phobias cannot be readily eased by merely reading about them because

During classical conditioning, the sound of a clap is paired with a puff of air being delivered to the eye.The clap is referred to as the __________ stimulus.

Because punishment is aversive, people and situations associated with punishment tend to become feared, resented, or disliked through __________ conditioning.

Compared to learning by rote, discovery learning