Question 1

Which statement best describes Meckel's diverticulum?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is more common in females than in males. 
B)  It is acquired during childhood. 
C)  Intestinal bleeding may be mild or profuse. 
D)  Medical interventions are usually sufficient to treat the problem. 
A)  It is more common in females than in males. 
B)  It is acquired during childhood. 
C)  Intestinal bleeding may be mild or profuse. 
D)  Medical interventions are usually sufficient to treat the problem.

Question 2

What is the most important nursing consideration when caring for a child with celiac disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Refer to a nutritionist for detailed dietary instructions and education. 
B)  Help the child and family understand that diet restrictions are usually only temporary. 
C)  Teach proper hand hygiene and standard precautions/routine practices to prevent disease transmission. 
D)  Suggest ways to cope more effectively with stress to minimize symptoms. 
A)  Refer to a nutritionist for detailed dietary instructions and education. 
B)  Help the child and family understand that diet restrictions are usually only temporary. 
C)  Teach proper hand hygiene and standard precautions/routine practices to prevent disease transmission. 
D)  Suggest ways to cope more effectively with stress to minimize symptoms.

Question 3

An infant is brought to the emergency department with poor skin turgor,weight loss,lethargy,and tachycardia.What are these signs suggestive of?

Accepted Answer

A)  Overhydration 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Sodium excess 
D)  Potassium excess 
A)  Overhydration 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Sodium excess 
D)  Potassium excess

Question 4

Which clinical manifestation indicates acute appendicitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rebound tenderness 
B)  Bright red or dark red rectal bleeding 
C)  Abdominal pain that is relieved by eating 
D)  Abdominal pain that is most intense at the McBurney point 
A)  Rebound tenderness 
B)  Bright red or dark red rectal bleeding 
C)  Abdominal pain that is relieved by eating 
D)  Abdominal pain that is most intense at the McBurney point

Question 5

What is the viral pathogen that frequently causes acute diarrhea in young children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Giardia organisms 
B)  Shigella organisms 
C)  Rotavirus 
D)  Salmonella organisms 
A)  Giardia organisms 
B)  Shigella organisms 
C)  Rotavirus 
D)  Salmonella organisms

Question 6

What is the primary therapeutic management for most children with Hirschsprung's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Daily enemas 
B)  Low-fibre diet 
C)  Permanent colostomy 
D)  Surgical removal of affected section of bowel 
A)  Daily enemas 
B)  Low-fibre diet 
C)  Permanent colostomy 
D)  Surgical removal of affected section of bowel

Question 7

What type of dehydration results from water loss in excess of electrolyte loss?

Accepted Answer

A)  Isotonic dehydration 
B)  Isosmotic dehydration 
C)  Hypotonic dehydration 
D)  Hypertonic dehydration 
A)  Isotonic dehydration 
B)  Isosmotic dehydration 
C)  Hypotonic dehydration 
D)  Hypertonic dehydration

Question 8

Bismuth subsalicylate,clarithromycin,and metronidazole are prescribed for a child with a peptic ulcer for which reason?

Accepted Answer

A)  It eradicates Helicobacter pylori. 
B)  It coats gastric mucosa. 
C)  It treats epigastric pain. 
D)  It reduces gastric acid production. 
A)  It eradicates Helicobacter pylori. 
B)  It coats gastric mucosa. 
C)  It treats epigastric pain. 
D)  It reduces gastric acid production.

Question 9

Which statement is true about hepatitis B?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hepatitis B cannot exist in a carrier state. 
B)  Immunity to hepatitis B does not occur after one attack. 
C)  Hepatitis B can be transferred to an infant from a breastfeeding mother. 
D)  The principal mode of transmission for hepatitis B is the fecal-oral route. 
A)  Hepatitis B cannot exist in a carrier state. 
B)  Immunity to hepatitis B does not occur after one attack. 
C)  Hepatitis B can be transferred to an infant from a breastfeeding mother. 
D)  The principal mode of transmission for hepatitis B is the fecal-oral route.

Question 10

A young child is brought to the emergency department with severe dehydration secondary to acute diarrhea and vomiting.What is the first step in therapeutic management for this child?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intravenous fluids 
B)  Oral rehydration solution (ORS) 
C)  Clear liquids,1 to 2 ounces at a time 
D)  Administration of antidiarrheal medication 
A)  Intravenous fluids 
B)  Oral rehydration solution (ORS) 
C)  Clear liquids,1 to 2 ounces at a time 
D)  Administration of antidiarrheal medication

Question 11

What should the nurse do when caring for a newborn with a suspected tracheoesophageal fistula?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevate the head but give nothing by mouth. 
B)  Elevate the head for feedings. 
C)  Feed glucose water only. 
D)  Avoid suctioning unless the infant is cyanotic. 
A)  Elevate the head but give nothing by mouth. 
B)  Elevate the head for feedings. 
C)  Feed glucose water only. 
D)  Avoid suctioning unless the infant is cyanotic.

Question 12

What disorder is characterized by a chronic inflammatory process that may involve any part of the gastrointestinal (GI)tract from mouth to anus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crohn's disease 
B)  Ulcerative colitis 
C)  Meckel's diverticulum 
D)  Irritable bowel syndrome 
A)  Crohn's disease 
B)  Ulcerative colitis 
C)  Meckel's diverticulum 
D)  Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 13

What type of hernia has an impaired blood supply to the herniated organ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hiatal hernia 
B)  Incarcerated hernia 
C)  Omphalocele 
D)  Strangulated hernia 
A)  Hiatal hernia 
B)  Incarcerated hernia 
C)  Omphalocele 
D)  Strangulated hernia

Question 14

Which high-fibre food can the nurse recommend for a 10-year-old child with chronic constipation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Popcorn 
B)  Pancakes 
C)  Muffins 
D)  Ripe bananas 
A)  Popcorn 
B)  Pancakes 
C)  Muffins 
D)  Ripe bananas

Question 15

What is the earliest clinical manifestation of biliary atresia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jaundice 
B)  Vomiting 
C)  Hepatomegaly 
D)  Absence of stooling 
A)  Jaundice 
B)  Vomiting 
C)  Hepatomegaly 
D)  Absence of stooling

Question 16

Constipation has recently become a problem for a school-age girl.She is healthy except for seasonal allergies,which are now being successfully treated with antihistamines.What is the most likely cause of her constipation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diet 
B)  Allergies 
C)  Antihistamines 
D)  Emotional factors 
A)  Diet 
B)  Allergies 
C)  Antihistamines 
D)  Emotional factors

Exam 46: Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Which statement best describes Meckel's diverticulum?

What is the most important nursing consideration when caring for a child with celiac disease?

An infant is brought to the emergency department with poor skin turgor,weight loss,lethargy,and tachycardia.What are these signs suggestive of?

Which clinical manifestation indicates acute appendicitis?

What is the viral pathogen that frequently causes acute diarrhea in young children?

What is the primary therapeutic management for most children with Hirschsprung's disease?

What type of dehydration results from water loss in excess of electrolyte loss?

Bismuth subsalicylate,clarithromycin,and metronidazole are prescribed for a child with a peptic ulcer for which reason?

Which statement is true about hepatitis B?

A young child is brought to the emergency department with severe dehydration secondary to acute diarrhea and vomiting.What is the first step in therapeutic management for this child?

What should the nurse do when caring for a newborn with a suspected tracheoesophageal fistula?

What disorder is characterized by a chronic inflammatory process that may involve any part of the gastrointestinal (GI)tract from mouth to anus?

What type of hernia has an impaired blood supply to the herniated organ?

Which high-fibre food can the nurse recommend for a 10-year-old child with chronic constipation?

What is the earliest clinical manifestation of biliary atresia?

Constipation has recently become a problem for a school-age girl.She is healthy except for seasonal allergies,which are now being successfully treated with antihistamines.What is the most likely cause of her constipation?

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