Question 1

Two necessary preconditions for an action to be viewed by social psychologists as "aggression" include _______ and _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  intention to cause pain; success in doing so. 
B)  actual harm; intention to cause pain. 
C)  physical pain; psychological pain. 
D)  intention to harm; psychological or physical pain. 
E)  physical pain; an emotional reaction. 
A)  intention to cause pain; success in doing so. 
B)  actual harm; intention to cause pain. 
C)  physical pain; psychological pain. 
D)  intention to harm; psychological or physical pain. 
E)  physical pain; an emotional reaction.

Question 2

Gordon Russell (1983)found that spectators at a violent hockey game got increasingly hostile and belligerent over the course of the game.It took _______________ for the spectators' hostility to get back to where they were before the game.

Accepted Answer

A)  a full day 
B)  approximately 15 minutes 
C)  12-14 hours 
D)  several hours 
E)  approximately 45 minutes 
A)  a full day 
B)  approximately 15 minutes 
C)  12-14 hours 
D)  several hours 
E)  approximately 45 minutes

Question 3

Norma Feshbach (1989,1997)implemented programs in elementary schools designed to teach students empathy and perspective-taking skills.She found that this program improved all of the following behaviours in children EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  self-esteem. 
B)  shyness. 
C)  aggressive behaviour. 
D)  academic achievement. 
E)  generosity. 
A)  self-esteem. 
B)  shyness. 
C)  aggressive behaviour. 
D)  academic achievement. 
E)  generosity.

Question 4

Which research findings below provide the most sound evidence that excessive heat causes greater aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Compared to students who took a test in a normal temperature room, test-taking students in a 32ºC room were more likely to express hostility toward a stranger. 
B)  In cities all over the country, riots are more likely to occur on hot days than on cold days. 
C)  Throughout the history of the World Series, more batters have been hit by pitched balls on hot days than on cool days. 
D)  There are fewer riots in Canadian cities than there are in American cities. 
E)  In Phoenix, drivers without air conditioning are more likely to honk at others than drivers with air conditioning. 
A)  Compared to students who took a test in a normal temperature room, test-taking students in a 32ºC room were more likely to express hostility toward a stranger. 
B)  In cities all over the country, riots are more likely to occur on hot days than on cold days. 
C)  Throughout the history of the World Series, more batters have been hit by pitched balls on hot days than on cool days. 
D)  There are fewer riots in Canadian cities than there are in American cities. 
E)  In Phoenix, drivers without air conditioning are more likely to honk at others than drivers with air conditioning.

Question 5

In Carré and colleagues' (2010)study of the testosterone levels of men who played a competitive computer game,which men showed an increase in testosterone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men who were provoked and for whom aggression was rewarding. 
B)  Men who were provoked and for whom aggression was costly. 
C)  Men who were unprovoked and for whom aggression was rewarding. 
D)  Men who were unprovoked and for whom aggression was costly. 
E)  Men who chose to help the experimenter rather than play another computer game. 
A)  Men who were provoked and for whom aggression was rewarding. 
B)  Men who were provoked and for whom aggression was costly. 
C)  Men who were unprovoked and for whom aggression was rewarding. 
D)  Men who were unprovoked and for whom aggression was costly. 
E)  Men who chose to help the experimenter rather than play another computer game.

Question 6

Davitz (1952)first frustrated children by stopping a great movie and taking away their candy,and then observed the children during free play.He found that children _______ were _______ aggressive than the others.

Accepted Answer

A)  who saw the prosocial movie; less 
B)  taught constructive ways to relate; less 
C)  with short attention spans; more 
D)  who came from abusive homes; more 
E)  saw the whole movie; more 
A)  who saw the prosocial movie; less 
B)  taught constructive ways to relate; less 
C)  with short attention spans; more 
D)  who came from abusive homes; more 
E)  saw the whole movie; more

Question 7

Which of the following is the best example of an aggressive stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  an insult 
B)  loud, unpredictable noise 
C)  a gun rack in the rear window of a pick-up truck 
D)  extreme heat 
E)  a crowd 
A)  an insult 
B)  loud, unpredictable noise 
C)  a gun rack in the rear window of a pick-up truck 
D)  extreme heat 
E)  a crowd

Question 8

Kristi has been very frustrated in her search for the perfect apartment that costs next to nothing.According to frustration-aggression theory,what would most likely increase the likelihood that Kristi's frustration will lead to aggressive behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kristi takes an apartment that she believes is overpriced. 
B)  Kristi realizes that the real estate agent is doing the best he can. 
C)  Kristi finally admits that her expectations were unrealistic. 
D)  The perfect apartment burned down the day after she put down a deposit. 
E)  The delay is frustrating, but not unexpected; students are already back in town. 
A)  Kristi takes an apartment that she believes is overpriced. 
B)  Kristi realizes that the real estate agent is doing the best he can. 
C)  Kristi finally admits that her expectations were unrealistic. 
D)  The perfect apartment burned down the day after she put down a deposit. 
E)  The delay is frustrating, but not unexpected; students are already back in town.

Question 9

Identify the true statement concerning the link between alcohol and aggression.

Accepted Answer

A)  When women show aggression it tends to be targeted towards other women in bars. 
B)  Alcohol consumption leads to an increase in aggression in males, but not in females. 
C)  Alcohol tends to interact with testosterone levels causing some individuals to be much more violent than others. 
D)  Marital violence is much more likely to occur when the male partner abuses alcohol than if he does not abuse alcohol. 
E)  Any links between alcohol and domestic violence are still unclear. 
A)  When women show aggression it tends to be targeted towards other women in bars. 
B)  Alcohol consumption leads to an increase in aggression in males, but not in females. 
C)  Alcohol tends to interact with testosterone levels causing some individuals to be much more violent than others. 
D)  Marital violence is much more likely to occur when the male partner abuses alcohol than if he does not abuse alcohol. 
E)  Any links between alcohol and domestic violence are still unclear.

Question 10

Instead of getting into physical fights when they want to intimidate one another,adolescents sometimes spread vicious rumours to destroy the reputation of another student.These behaviours are an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  extreme prejudice. 
B)  assertiveness. 
C)  instrumental aggression. 
D)  antisocial behaviour 
E)  hostile aggression. 
A)  extreme prejudice. 
B)  assertiveness. 
C)  instrumental aggression. 
D)  antisocial behaviour 
E)  hostile aggression.

Question 11

Which factor creates the strongest deterrent for violent behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  certainty of punishment 
B)  victim retribution 
C)  conditional sentencing 
D)  intermittent punishment 
E)  severity of punishment 
A)  certainty of punishment 
B)  victim retribution 
C)  conditional sentencing 
D)  intermittent punishment 
E)  severity of punishment

Question 12

As a result of their comprehensive meta-analysis of the studies on the effects of playing violent video games,Anderson and colleagues (2010)state that evidence strongly suggests that exposure to violent video games is causally related to ________ levels of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased; aggressive behaviour. 
B)  increased; prosocial behaviour. 
C)  decreased; empathy. 
D)  increased; arousal. 
E)  decreased; aggressive cognitions. 
A)  decreased; aggressive behaviour. 
B)  increased; prosocial behaviour. 
C)  decreased; empathy. 
D)  increased; arousal. 
E)  decreased; aggressive cognitions.

Question 13

Davan is angry with Clare because she spilled coffee on his newspaper.Davan's best bet to avoid the situation turning into a big,aggressive fight would be to

Accepted Answer

A)  say that Clare is very inconsiderate and should pay more attention towhat she is doing. 
B)  say that he is very angry with Clare because of the spill, ask for an apology, and request that she be more careful next time. 
C)  go and shout in another room for five minutes before talking to her about the situation. 
D)  go to the gym and hit a punching bag for half an hour before returning home. 
E)  make passive-aggressive sarcastic comments at Clare until he feels better. 
A)  say that Clare is very inconsiderate and should pay more attention towhat she is doing. 
B)  say that he is very angry with Clare because of the spill, ask for an apology, and request that she be more careful next time. 
C)  go and shout in another room for five minutes before talking to her about the situation. 
D)  go to the gym and hit a punching bag for half an hour before returning home. 
E)  make passive-aggressive sarcastic comments at Clare until he feels better.

Question 14

Dehumanizing an enemy (e.g.,referring to Germans as "Krauts" or Japanese as "Nips" or "Japs" during World War II)can contribute to further aggression and even wartime atrocities by

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing frustration. 
B)  reducing our ability to empathize. 
C)  increasing cognitive dissonance. 
D)  not allowing for a proper cathartic outlet. 
E)  increasing inhibitions. 
A)  increasing frustration. 
B)  reducing our ability to empathize. 
C)  increasing cognitive dissonance. 
D)  not allowing for a proper cathartic outlet. 
E)  increasing inhibitions.

Question 15

In a study by Carré and colleagues,men played a computer game against a fictitious opponent.Researchers varied the rewards and costs as well as provocation from the opponent.Results supported the idea that

Accepted Answer

A)  testosterone levels will vary depending on situational factors. 
B)  men who produce high levels of testosterone are more aggressive. 
C)  testosterone levels are non-responsive to situational factors. 
D)  aggression-levels vary as a response to situational factors rather than testosterone levels. 
E)  aggression depends on serotonin levels to a greater extent than testosterone levels. 
A)  testosterone levels will vary depending on situational factors. 
B)  men who produce high levels of testosterone are more aggressive. 
C)  testosterone levels are non-responsive to situational factors. 
D)  aggression-levels vary as a response to situational factors rather than testosterone levels. 
E)  aggression depends on serotonin levels to a greater extent than testosterone levels.

Question 16

Who is most likely to behave aggressively?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jen, a toddler whose parents consistently model prosocial behaviour. 
B)  Mikael, a teenager whose parents have signed him up for football and boxing. 
C)  Phaedra, a 10-year-old whose parents respond to her aggression by consistently giving moderate punishments. 
D)  Alain, a 7-year-old who is learning about empathy in school. 
E)  Marlena, an adult who responds to her anger by having a constructive conversation. 
A)  Jen, a toddler whose parents consistently model prosocial behaviour. 
B)  Mikael, a teenager whose parents have signed him up for football and boxing. 
C)  Phaedra, a 10-year-old whose parents respond to her aggression by consistently giving moderate punishments. 
D)  Alain, a 7-year-old who is learning about empathy in school. 
E)  Marlena, an adult who responds to her anger by having a constructive conversation.

Question 17

You are about to leave on vacation and your brother is driving you to the airport.Unfortunately,you get to the airport too late and you find out that your flight has already left.Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to feel aggressive toward your brother and want to scream at him?

Accepted Answer

A)  You missed your flight by two minutes. 
B)  The next available flight is two days away. 
C)  Your brother forgot to put your luggage in the car. 
D)  You missed your flight by an hour. 
E)  Your flight has been delayed. 
A)  You missed your flight by two minutes. 
B)  The next available flight is two days away. 
C)  Your brother forgot to put your luggage in the car. 
D)  You missed your flight by an hour. 
E)  Your flight has been delayed.

Question 18

A teacher at a preschool tries to show some rowdy children how to "play nice." She shows them a doll hitting her,and her hugging the doll in response.The teacher's behaviour is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  catharsis. 
B)  teaching the children how to solve problems more effectively. 
C)  modeling nonaggressive behaviour. 
D)  building empathy in the children. 
E)  training good communication skills. 
A)  catharsis. 
B)  teaching the children how to solve problems more effectively. 
C)  modeling nonaggressive behaviour. 
D)  building empathy in the children. 
E)  training good communication skills.

Question 19

The implications of the study by McDonald,Zanna and Holmes (2000)on the effect of alcohol on perceptions of conflict in relationships are that

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol may have an indirect effect on conflict by making people less willing to work on conflict in the relationship. 
B)  alcohol can play a causal role in increasing relationship conflict. 
C)  alcohol has little direct effect on perception of conflict in a relationship. 
D)  women's perceptions of relationship conflict are more affected by alcohol than men's perceptions. 
E)  the fact that both the alcohol and placebo groups reacted negatively shows that alcohol provides an excuse for relationship conflict. 
A)  alcohol may have an indirect effect on conflict by making people less willing to work on conflict in the relationship. 
B)  alcohol can play a causal role in increasing relationship conflict. 
C)  alcohol has little direct effect on perception of conflict in a relationship. 
D)  women's perceptions of relationship conflict are more affected by alcohol than men's perceptions. 
E)  the fact that both the alcohol and placebo groups reacted negatively shows that alcohol provides an excuse for relationship conflict.

Question 20

As Dale is walking by Andy,he trips over Andy's foot,falls to the ground,and hits his face on the side of a table as he is falling.Dale will be most likely to reciprocate by acting violently toward Andy if

Accepted Answer

A)  Dale knows that Andy grew up in abusive household. 
B)  Andy intentionally tripped him. 
C)  Andy's cat just died. 
D)  Andy unintentionally tripped him. 
E)  Andy is clumsy. 
A)  Dale knows that Andy grew up in abusive household. 
B)  Andy intentionally tripped him. 
C)  Andy's cat just died. 
D)  Andy unintentionally tripped him. 
E)  Andy is clumsy.

Two necessary preconditions for an action to be viewed by social psychologists as "aggression" include _ and _.

Gordon Russell (1983)found that spectators at a violent hockey game got increasingly hostile and belligerent over the course of the game.It took _______________ for the spectators' hostility to get back to where they were before the game.

Norma Feshbach (1989,1997)implemented programs in elementary schools designed to teach students empathy and perspective-taking skills.She found that this program improved all of the following behaviours in children EXCEPT

Which research findings below provide the most sound evidence that excessive heat causes greater aggression?

In Carré and colleagues' (2010)study of the testosterone levels of men who played a competitive computer game,which men showed an increase in testosterone?

Davitz (1952)first frustrated children by stopping a great movie and taking away their candy,and then observed the children during free play.He found that children _ were _ aggressive than the others.

Which of the following is the best example of an aggressive stimulus?

Kristi has been very frustrated in her search for the perfect apartment that costs next to nothing.According to frustration-aggression theory,what would most likely increase the likelihood that Kristi's frustration will lead to aggressive behaviour?

Identify the true statement concerning the link between alcohol and aggression.

Instead of getting into physical fights when they want to intimidate one another,adolescents sometimes spread vicious rumours to destroy the reputation of another student.These behaviours are an example of

Which factor creates the strongest deterrent for violent behaviour?

As a result of their comprehensive meta-analysis of the studies on the effects of playing violent video games,Anderson and colleagues (2010)state that evidence strongly suggests that exposure to violent video games is causally related to levels of .

Davan is angry with Clare because she spilled coffee on his newspaper.Davan's best bet to avoid the situation turning into a big,aggressive fight would be to

Dehumanizing an enemy (e.g.,referring to Germans as "Krauts" or Japanese as "Nips" or "Japs" during World War II)can contribute to further aggression and even wartime atrocities by

In a study by Carré and colleagues,men played a computer game against a fictitious opponent.Researchers varied the rewards and costs as well as provocation from the opponent.Results supported the idea that

Who is most likely to behave aggressively?

A teacher at a preschool tries to show some rowdy children how to "play nice." She shows them a doll hitting her,and her hugging the doll in response.The teacher's behaviour is an example of

The implications of the study by McDonald,Zanna and Holmes (2000)on the effect of alcohol on perceptions of conflict in relationships are that

As Dale is walking by Andy,he trips over Andy's foot,falls to the ground,and hits his face on the side of a table as he is falling.Dale will be most likely to reciprocate by acting violently toward Andy if

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Conformity

Group Processes

Interpersonal Attraction

Prosocial Behaviour

Prejudice

Social Psychology in Action 1

Social Psychology in Action 2

Social Psychology in Action 3

Filters

Exam 11: Aggression

Two necessary preconditions for an action to be viewed by social psychologists as "aggression" include _______ and _______.

Gordon Russell (1983)found that spectators at a violent hockey game got increasingly hostile and belligerent over the course of the game.It took _______________ for the spectators' hostility to get back to where they were before the game.

Norma Feshbach (1989,1997)implemented programs in elementary schools designed to teach students empathy and perspective-taking skills.She found that this program improved all of the following behaviours in children EXCEPT

Which research findings below provide the most sound evidence that excessive heat causes greater aggression?

In Carré and colleagues' (2010)study of the testosterone levels of men who played a competitive computer game,which men showed an increase in testosterone?

Davitz (1952)first frustrated children by stopping a great movie and taking away their candy,and then observed the children during free play.He found that children _______ were _______ aggressive than the others.

Which of the following is the best example of an aggressive stimulus?

Kristi has been very frustrated in her search for the perfect apartment that costs next to nothing.According to frustration-aggression theory,what would most likely increase the likelihood that Kristi's frustration will lead to aggressive behaviour?

Identify the true statement concerning the link between alcohol and aggression.

Instead of getting into physical fights when they want to intimidate one another,adolescents sometimes spread vicious rumours to destroy the reputation of another student.These behaviours are an example of

Which factor creates the strongest deterrent for violent behaviour?

As a result of their comprehensive meta-analysis of the studies on the effects of playing violent video games,Anderson and colleagues (2010)state that evidence strongly suggests that exposure to violent video games is causally related to ________ levels of ________.

Davan is angry with Clare because she spilled coffee on his newspaper.Davan's best bet to avoid the situation turning into a big,aggressive fight would be to

Dehumanizing an enemy (e.g.,referring to Germans as "Krauts" or Japanese as "Nips" or "Japs" during World War II)can contribute to further aggression and even wartime atrocities by

In a study by Carré and colleagues,men played a computer game against a fictitious opponent.Researchers varied the rewards and costs as well as provocation from the opponent.Results supported the idea that

Who is most likely to behave aggressively?

A teacher at a preschool tries to show some rowdy children how to "play nice." She shows them a doll hitting her,and her hugging the doll in response.The teacher's behaviour is an example of

The implications of the study by McDonald,Zanna and Holmes (2000)on the effect of alcohol on perceptions of conflict in relationships are that

As Dale is walking by Andy,he trips over Andy's foot,falls to the ground,and hits his face on the side of a table as he is falling.Dale will be most likely to reciprocate by acting violently toward Andy if

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Conformity

Group Processes

Interpersonal Attraction

Prosocial Behaviour

Prejudice

Social Psychology in Action 1

Social Psychology in Action 2

Social Psychology in Action 3

Filters

Two necessary preconditions for an action to be viewed by social psychologists as "aggression" include _ and _.

Davitz (1952)first frustrated children by stopping a great movie and taking away their candy,and then observed the children during free play.He found that children _ were _ aggressive than the others.

As a result of their comprehensive meta-analysis of the studies on the effects of playing violent video games,Anderson and colleagues (2010)state that evidence strongly suggests that exposure to violent video games is causally related to levels of .