Exam 3: Social Cognition

Recall that Norbert Schwarz and his colleagues (1991)asked some participants to think of 6 times they had behaved assertively and asked other participants to think of 12 times they had behaved assertively,and then asked all participants to rate how assertive they thought they really were.The findings were that

Although there are only a few runners on your college track team,you see a woman on campus who has the physique of a runner.You decide that she's a member of the track team.Your conclusion is based on

Self-fulfilling prophecies most often are a result of

Of the heuristics below,the use of _______ is most likely to have negative emotional consequences.

Linnea and Latrice have just left the movie theatre after watching Thelma and Louise,a film that chronicles the misadventures of two close friends,one a rape survivor and the other the wife of a piggish husband; they kill a man in self-defense and run from the law.At the end of the movie,Thelma and Louise chose to drive off a cliff rather than surrender to the men who have been pursuing them.As Linnea and Latrice walk through the lobby,every man they encounter looks loutish and threatening to them.This example illustrates the power of ________ in shaping our implicit personality theories.

In most cases,when we encounter a fact that is inconsistent with our schemas,we

What have a number of research studies on the self-fulfilling prophecy revealed?

Research on embodied cognition suggests that

You have just arrived for your first year of university,but your roommate,Leah,is nowhere to be found.Your next-door neighbour,Tim,tells you that he's met Leah,and that she's really shy and introverted.If you wanted to counteract the self-fulfilling prophecy,what might you do when you meet Leah?

Carole has a subtle "Mona Lisa" smile that is much harder to detect than an obvious toothy grin.Assume that before you met Carole,a mutual friend described her as warm and friendly.The first time Carole smiled at you,you would probably conclude that she is

Warren believes that Kurt is an outgoing,gregarious person."How many parties did you go to this weekend?" Warren asks Kurt."Tell me about all of the fun and crazy things that you have planned for the summer," Warren continues.Although Kurt is usually rather quiet and reserved,he responds to Warren in an outgoing,friendly manner.This is an example of

Chapter 3 began with a description of accident victim Kevin Chappell who suffered brain damage that left him with a severe visual disability.His disability is such that

An important function of controlled thinking is to

Recall that Harold Kelley (1950)told some college students that their guest instructor was a warm person,and told others that he was a cold person.Students who were told that the guest instructor was a warm person evaluated him more positively and participated more in class discussion than did students who were told that he was cold.The fact that this occurred even though they were only exposed to the guest instructor for a short time supports the idea that schemas are

Why might taking a statistics course help your social judgments become more complex and accurate? Such a course teaches the skills needed by a(n)

Sometimes when forming impressions of others,we are influenced by the schemas that are in the forefront of our mind.When this happens,social psychologists talk about the role of ________ in colouring our impressions of others.

Recall that Frederic Bartlett (1932)interviewed both a Scotsman and a Bantu herdsman about the particulars of a cattle transaction.The Bantu herdsman recited from memory many details,but the Scot had to consult his notes.If this difference were the result of the cultural influence on schemas,the Scot would be more likely to notice and remember the _______ than would the Bantu herdsman.

The _______ heuristic refers to the mental shortcut whereby people classify a person or thing based on how similar it appears to the typical case.

Marvin flips a coin 5 times,and gets 5 "heads" in a row.Now Marvin thinks he is almost sure to get a "tails" on the next flip.According to the text,Marvin

Your roommate questions how charitable you really are.She says to you,"Give me just one example of the last time you gave money to a homeless person." Odds are that her challenge will convince you that you really are a generous person.Based on research by Norbert Schwarz and his colleagues (1991),why is that?