Question 1

The gene for inhibiting ribosomal protein synthesis lies within the operon for the ribosomal proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What is a reasonable number of nucleotides in a tRNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 
B)  80 
C)  500 
D)  1000 
E)  The number of nucleotides in tRNA molecules varies by several orders of magnitude, depending on the species. 
A)  20 
B)  80 
C)  500 
D)  1000 
E)  The number of nucleotides in tRNA molecules varies by several orders of magnitude, depending on the species.

Question 3

Class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are often multimeric enzymes that do not bind to the anticodon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Translation at the ribosomes of eukaryotes is usually a much faster process than DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

More energy is used to form a single peptide bond than is required for the bond formation alone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In eukaryotes the initiation codon is the first AUG triplet from the 5ʹ end of mRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

If the anticodon on tRNA is GTC tyrosine)5ʹ → 3ʹ), the sequence of the 5ʹ → 3ʹ template strand of the gene in DNA that specifies this amino acid is

Accepted Answer

A)  AUG. 
B)  TAC. 
C)  GTC. 
D)  CTG. 
A)  AUG. 
B)  TAC. 
C)  GTC. 
D)  CTG.

Question 8

The link between an activated amino acid and tRNA is an bond between the of the amino acid and a hydroxyl group of the tRNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  ester; carboxylate group 
B)  amide; carboxylate group 
C)  amide; amino group 
D)  imine; amino group 
A)  ester; carboxylate group 
B)  amide; carboxylate group 
C)  amide; amino group 
D)  imine; amino group

Question 9

Use the table below to determine which template strand DNA sequence written in the 5ʹ → 3ʹ direction) specifies the tripeptide with the sequence gly-ala-leu.

Accepted Answer

A)  GGGGCUCUC 
B)  CUCUCGGGG 
C)  CCCCGAGAG 
D)  GAGAGCCCC 
A)  GGGGCUCUC 
B)  CUCUCGGGG 
C)  CCCCGAGAG 
D)  GAGAGCCCC

Question 10

Peptidyl transferase catalyzes peptide bond formation, and the activity is contained within the protein portion of the large ribosomal subunit.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The role of GTP in the translocation step of protein synthesis is to supply energy for

Accepted Answer

A)  peptide bond formation. 
B)  dissociation of EF-G-GDP. 
C)  movement of the peptidyl-tRNA from the P site to the A site. 
D)  movement of the peptidyl-tRNA from the A site to the P site. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  peptide bond formation. 
B)  dissociation of EF-G-GDP. 
C)  movement of the peptidyl-tRNA from the P site to the A site. 
D)  movement of the peptidyl-tRNA from the A site to the P site. 
E)  None of the above

Question 12

The anticodon is found on the variable arm of tRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The main control of the rate of globin synthesis is due to the activity of GEF guanine nucleotide exchange factor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which statement is false about polysomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They consist of mRNA and many translation complexes that are separated by about 100 nucleotides. 
B)  They serve to amplify the information contained in mRNA many-fold. 
C)  The number of translation complexes one contains depends on the efficiency of initiation. 
D)  They do not occur in prokaryotes. 
A)  They consist of mRNA and many translation complexes that are separated by about 100 nucleotides. 
B)  They serve to amplify the information contained in mRNA many-fold. 
C)  The number of translation complexes one contains depends on the efficiency of initiation. 
D)  They do not occur in prokaryotes.

Question 15

An elongation factor EF-Ts serves mainly to

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolyze GTP. 
B)  exchange GTP for GDP. 
C)  eeliver the aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome. 
D)  hydrolyze GDP. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  hydrolyze GTP. 
B)  exchange GTP for GDP. 
C)  eeliver the aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome. 
D)  hydrolyze GDP. 
E)  All of the above

Question 16

The role of GTP in the elongation phase of protein synthesis is to supply energy for

Accepted Answer

A)  peptide bond formation. 
B)  formation of aminoacyl-tRNA molecules. 
C)  movement of mRNA along the ribosome. 
D)  changing the configuration of EF-Tu-GTP. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  peptide bond formation. 
B)  formation of aminoacyl-tRNA molecules. 
C)  movement of mRNA along the ribosome. 
D)  changing the configuration of EF-Tu-GTP. 
E)  All of the above

Question 17

The genes for rRNA tend to have very strong promoters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The unambiguity and degeneracy of the genetic code can best be respectively exemplified by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  UUU and UUC both code for Phe; UUU codes only for Phe 
B)  UUU codes only for Phe; UUU and UUC both code for Phe 
C)  UUU codes for both Phe and Ser; UUU and UUC both code for Phe and Ser 
D)  UUU and UUC both code for Phe and Ser; UUU codes for both Phe and Ser 
A)  UUU and UUC both code for Phe; UUU codes only for Phe 
B)  UUU codes only for Phe; UUU and UUC both code for Phe 
C)  UUU codes for both Phe and Ser; UUU and UUC both code for Phe and Ser 
D)  UUU and UUC both code for Phe and Ser; UUU codes for both Phe and Ser

Question 19

Which statement is true about the number of initiation and STOP codons?

Accepted Answer

A)  One initiation codon; one STOP codon 
B)  One initiation codon; multiple STOP codons 
C)  Multiple initiation codons; one STOP codon 
D)  Multiple codons for both initiation and STOP 
A)  One initiation codon; one STOP codon 
B)  One initiation codon; multiple STOP codons 
C)  Multiple initiation codons; one STOP codon 
D)  Multiple codons for both initiation and STOP

Question 20

In prokaryotes the codons can be arranged in an overlapping fashion. In eukaryotes they are arranged only in a non-overlapping fashion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 22: Protein Synthesis

The gene for inhibiting ribosomal protein synthesis lies within the operon for the ribosomal proteins.

What is a reasonable number of nucleotides in a tRNA molecule?

Class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are often multimeric enzymes that do not bind to the anticodon.

Translation at the ribosomes of eukaryotes is usually a much faster process than DNA replication.

More energy is used to form a single peptide bond than is required for the bond formation alone.

In eukaryotes the initiation codon is the first AUG triplet from the 5ʹ end of mRNA.

If the anticodon on tRNA is GTC tyrosine)5ʹ → 3ʹ), the sequence of the 5ʹ → 3ʹ template strand of the gene in DNA that specifies this amino acid is

The link between an activated amino acid and tRNA is an bond between the of the amino acid and a hydroxyl group of the tRNA.

Use the table below to determine which template strand DNA sequence written in the 5ʹ → 3ʹ direction) specifies the tripeptide with the sequence gly-ala-leu.

Peptidyl transferase catalyzes peptide bond formation, and the activity is contained within the protein portion of the large ribosomal subunit.

The role of GTP in the translocation step of protein synthesis is to supply energy for

The anticodon is found on the variable arm of tRNA.

The main control of the rate of globin synthesis is due to the activity of GEF guanine nucleotide exchange factor.

Which statement is false about polysomes?

An elongation factor EF-Ts serves mainly to

The role of GTP in the elongation phase of protein synthesis is to supply energy for

The genes for rRNA tend to have very strong promoters.

The unambiguity and degeneracy of the genetic code can best be respectively exemplified by which of the following?

Which statement is true about the number of initiation and STOP codons?

In prokaryotes the codons can be arranged in an overlapping fashion. In eukaryotes they are arranged only in a non-overlapping fashion.

Introduction to Biochemistry

Water

Amino Acids and the Primary Structures of Proteins

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure and Function

Properties of Enzymes

Mechanisms of Enzymes

Coenzymes and Vitamins

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Membranes

Introduction to Metabolism

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis, the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, and Glycogen Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleic Acids

Dna Replication, Repair, and Recombination

Transcription and Rna Processing

Recombinant Dna Technology

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