Question 1

Why are combinations of drug therapies used to treat HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  The virus spreads quickly. 
B)  The virus turns into AIDs quickly. 
C)  The virus can destroy immune cells efficiently. 
D)  The virus constantly mutates. 
E)  The virus is unusually small. 
A)  The virus spreads quickly. 
B)  The virus turns into AIDs quickly. 
C)  The virus can destroy immune cells efficiently. 
D)  The virus constantly mutates. 
E)  The virus is unusually small.

Question 2

Once the amino acid is inserted into the growing chain, the ribosome must shift to read the next codon in a process known as

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription. 
B)  translation. 
C)  translocation. 
D)  elongation. 
E)  termination. 
A)  transcription. 
B)  translation. 
C)  translocation. 
D)  elongation. 
E)  termination.

Question 3

Which of the following statements best describes what occurs during transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA is reproduced. 
B)  Protein is synthesized using DNA as a template. 
C)  Protein is synthesized using mRNA as a template. 
D)  mRNA is synthesized using DNA as a template. 
E)  mRNA is synthesized using protein as a template. 
A)  DNA is reproduced. 
B)  Protein is synthesized using DNA as a template. 
C)  Protein is synthesized using mRNA as a template. 
D)  mRNA is synthesized using DNA as a template. 
E)  mRNA is synthesized using protein as a template.

Question 4

The two strands of DNA in the DNA double helix are held together by _____ bonds between nucleotides.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen 
B)  phosphodiester 
C)  amide 
D)  ionic 
E)  glycosidic 
A)  hydrogen 
B)  phosphodiester 
C)  amide 
D)  ionic 
E)  glycosidic

Question 5

Which of the following is required by the reaction that joins a nucleotide to a growing polynucleotide chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotide triphosphates 
B)  energy 
C)  a 3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 alcohol 
D)  a 5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 phosphate group 
E)  All of the above 
A)  nucleotide triphosphates 
B)  energy 
C)  a 3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 alcohol 
D)  a 5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 phosphate group 
E)  All of the above

Question 6

Is the DNA double helix parallel or antiparallel, and what does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is parallel, meaning that the two strands both run alongside one another. 
B)  It is parallel, meaning that the base pairs are parallel. 
C)  It is parallel, meaning that the 5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 end of one strand is positioned opposite the 5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 end of the other strand. 
D)  It is antiparallel, meaning that the 5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 end of one strand is positioned opposite the 3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 end of the other strand. 
E)  It is antiparallel, meaning that the bases are perpendicular to the backbone. 
A)  It is parallel, meaning that the two strands both run alongside one another. 
B)  It is parallel, meaning that the base pairs are parallel. 
C)  It is parallel, meaning that the 5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 end of one strand is positioned opposite the 5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 end of the other strand. 
D)  It is antiparallel, meaning that the 5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 end of one strand is positioned opposite the 3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 end of the other strand. 
E)  It is antiparallel, meaning that the bases are perpendicular to the backbone.

Question 7

Which flow chart correctly shows how DNA is coiled so that it can fit into the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) e 
A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) e

Question 8

Where in the cell are the instructions for making all of the proteins required by the body found?

Accepted Answer

A)  on DNA in the cytoplasm 
B)  on RNA in the mitochondria 
C)  on RNA in the cell membrane 
D)  on DNA in the nucleus 
E)  on DNA in the mitochondria 
A)  on DNA in the cytoplasm 
B)  on RNA in the mitochondria 
C)  on RNA in the cell membrane 
D)  on DNA in the nucleus 
E)  on DNA in the mitochondria

Question 9

About how much of the genome codes for proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  about 1% 
B)  about 2% 
C)  about 10% 
D)  about 50% 
E)  99% 
A)  about 1% 
B)  about 2% 
C)  about 10% 
D)  about 50% 
E)  99%

Question 10

Which of the following statements best describes what happens when transcription is complete?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA remains unfolded. 
B)  mRNA binds to rRNA in the nucleus. 
C)  mRNA is transported out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm. 
D)  Translation begins in the mitochondria. 
E)  All of the above statements are true. 
A)  DNA remains unfolded. 
B)  mRNA binds to rRNA in the nucleus. 
C)  mRNA is transported out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm. 
D)  Translation begins in the mitochondria. 
E)  All of the above statements are true.

Question 11

Approximately how many people are infected with HIV in the world?

Accepted Answer

A)  about one thousand 
B)  about ten thousand 
C)  about one hundred thousand 
D)  about one million 
E)  about forty million 
A)  about one thousand 
B)  about ten thousand 
C)  about one hundred thousand 
D)  about one million 
E)  about forty million

Question 12

The DNA double helix is stabilized by ________, the interaction between delocalized electrons of aromatic rings in nitrogenous bases.

Accepted Answer

A)  base-stacking 
B)  dipole-dipole interactions 
C)  salt bridges 
D)  hydrogen bonds 
E)  covalent bonds 
A)  base-stacking 
B)  dipole-dipole interactions 
C)  salt bridges 
D)  hydrogen bonds 
E)  covalent bonds

Question 13

DNA is negatively charged. What part of a DNA molecule actually holds the charge?

Accepted Answer

A)  the sugar 
B)  the pyrimidines 
C)  the phosphates 
D)  the purines 
E)  the glycosidic bond 
A)  the sugar 
B)  the pyrimidines 
C)  the phosphates 
D)  the purines 
E)  the glycosidic bond

Question 14

In which of the following choices is the name of the sugar and the polymer in which it is found correct?

Accepted Answer

A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) e 
A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) e

Question 15

The codon is found on _____, and the anticodon is found on _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  tRNA; mRNA 
B)  mRNA; tRNA 
C)  mRNA; rRNA 
D)  rRNA; tRNA 
E)  rRNA; mRNA 
A)  tRNA; mRNA 
B)  mRNA; tRNA 
C)  mRNA; rRNA 
D)  rRNA; tRNA 
E)  rRNA; mRNA

Question 16

Refer to the genetic code to determine which of the following mRNAs could code for a protein containing the amino acid sequence phe-arg-ala. I. 5′-UUU CGU GCU-3′
II) 5′-UUC CGG GCG-3′
III) 5′-UUU AGA GCC-3′

Accepted Answer

A)  All of these code for the given sequence. 
B)  I and II 
C)  I only 
D)  II only 
E)  II and III 
A)  All of these code for the given sequence. 
B)  I and II 
C)  I only 
D)  II only 
E)  II and III

Question 17

The function of DNA is to _______ while the function of RNA is to ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  store information about proteins; construct proteins based on the information in DNA 
B)  construct and store proteins; transport proteins to needed locations in the body 
C)  build proteins; break down proteins 
D)  act as a blueprint for the body; synthesize whatever biomolecules are required for the body to function 
E)  act as a blueprint for proteins; act as a blueprint for other biomolecules 
A)  store information about proteins; construct proteins based on the information in DNA 
B)  construct and store proteins; transport proteins to needed locations in the body 
C)  build proteins; break down proteins 
D)  act as a blueprint for the body; synthesize whatever biomolecules are required for the body to function 
E)  act as a blueprint for proteins; act as a blueprint for other biomolecules

Question 18

Transcription occurs in the ________ while translation occurs in the _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cytoplasm; nucleus 
B)  mitochondria; cytoplasm 
C)  nucleus; mitochondria 
D)  cytoplasm; mitochondria 
E)  nucleus; cytoplasm 
A)  cytoplasm; nucleus 
B)  mitochondria; cytoplasm 
C)  nucleus; mitochondria 
D)  cytoplasm; mitochondria 
E)  nucleus; cytoplasm

Question 19

During replication, each strand of DNA serves as the template for a(n) _________ strand.

Accepted Answer

A)  identical daughter 
B)  complementary daughter 
C)  identical mother 
D)  complementary mother 
E)  identical sister 
A)  identical daughter 
B)  complementary daughter 
C)  identical mother 
D)  complementary mother 
E)  identical sister

Question 20

Why does the HIV virus need a host cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  The virus needs to feed off of the host cell. 
B)  The virus needs to live in the host cell. 
C)  The virus needs the host cell's mitochondrial DNA. 
D)  The virus needs the host cell's enzymes to reproduce and synthesize proteins. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  The virus needs to feed off of the host cell. 
B)  The virus needs to live in the host cell. 
C)  The virus needs the host cell's mitochondrial DNA. 
D)  The virus needs the host cell's enzymes to reproduce and synthesize proteins. 
E)  all of the above

Why are combinations of drug therapies used to treat HIV?

Once the amino acid is inserted into the growing chain, the ribosome must shift to read the next codon in a process known as

Which of the following statements best describes what occurs during transcription?

The two strands of DNA in the DNA double helix are held together by _____ bonds between nucleotides.

Which of the following is required by the reaction that joins a nucleotide to a growing polynucleotide chain?

Is the DNA double helix parallel or antiparallel, and what does this mean?

Which flow chart correctly shows how DNA is coiled so that it can fit into the nucleus?

Where in the cell are the instructions for making all of the proteins required by the body found?

About how much of the genome codes for proteins?

Which of the following statements best describes what happens when transcription is complete?

Approximately how many people are infected with HIV in the world?

The DNA double helix is stabilized by ________, the interaction between delocalized electrons of aromatic rings in nitrogenous bases.

DNA is negatively charged. What part of a DNA molecule actually holds the charge?

In which of the following choices is the name of the sugar and the polymer in which it is found correct?

The codon is found on _, and the anticodon is found on _.

Refer to the genetic code to determine which of the following mRNAs could code for a protein containing the amino acid sequence phe-arg-ala. I. 5′-UUU CGU GCU-3′ II) 5′-UUC CGG GCG-3′ III) 5′-UUU AGA GCC-3′

The function of DNA is to _ while the function of RNA is to _____.

Transcription occurs in the while translation occurs in the _.

During replication, each strand of DNA serves as the template for a(n) _________ strand.

Why does the HIV virus need a host cell?

Measuring Matter and Energy

Atomic Structure and Nuclear Radiation

Compounds and Molecules

Chemical Quantities and Chemical Reactions

Changes of State and the Gas Laws

Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons

Organic Chemistry and Biomolecules

Solutions, Colloids and Membranes

Acids and Bases

The Reactions of Organic Functional Groups in Biochemistry

Carbohydrates: Structure and Function

Lipids: Structure and Function

Proteins: Structure and Function

Energy and Metabolism

Filters

Exam 14: Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Why are combinations of drug therapies used to treat HIV?

Once the amino acid is inserted into the growing chain, the ribosome must shift to read the next codon in a process known as

Which of the following statements best describes what occurs during transcription?

The two strands of DNA in the DNA double helix are held together by _____ bonds between nucleotides.

Which of the following is required by the reaction that joins a nucleotide to a growing polynucleotide chain?

Is the DNA double helix parallel or antiparallel, and what does this mean?

Which flow chart correctly shows how DNA is coiled so that it can fit into the nucleus?

Where in the cell are the instructions for making all of the proteins required by the body found?

About how much of the genome codes for proteins?

Which of the following statements best describes what happens when transcription is complete?

Approximately how many people are infected with HIV in the world?

The DNA double helix is stabilized by ________, the interaction between delocalized electrons of aromatic rings in nitrogenous bases.

DNA is negatively charged. What part of a DNA molecule actually holds the charge?

In which of the following choices is the name of the sugar and the polymer in which it is found correct?

The codon is found on _____, and the anticodon is found on _____.

Refer to the genetic code to determine which of the following mRNAs could code for a protein containing the amino acid sequence phe-arg-ala. I. 5′-UUU CGU GCU-3′ II) 5′-UUC CGG GCG-3′ III) 5′-UUU AGA GCC-3′

The function of DNA is to _______ while the function of RNA is to ___________.

Transcription occurs in the ________ while translation occurs in the _________.

During replication, each strand of DNA serves as the template for a(n) _________ strand.

Why does the HIV virus need a host cell?

Measuring Matter and Energy

Atomic Structure and Nuclear Radiation

Compounds and Molecules

Chemical Quantities and Chemical Reactions

Changes of State and the Gas Laws

Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons

Organic Chemistry and Biomolecules

Solutions, Colloids and Membranes

Acids and Bases

The Reactions of Organic Functional Groups in Biochemistry

Carbohydrates: Structure and Function

Lipids: Structure and Function

Proteins: Structure and Function

Energy and Metabolism

Filters

The codon is found on _, and the anticodon is found on _.

The function of DNA is to _ while the function of RNA is to _____.

Transcription occurs in the while translation occurs in the _.