Question 1

Use the following figure to answer the question.
 
What wavelength of light in the figure is most effective in driving photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  420 nm 
B)  575 nm 
C)  625 nm 
D)  730 nm 
A)  420 nm 
B)  575 nm 
C)  625 nm 
D)  730 nm

Question 2

Use the following figure to answer the question.
 
Refer to the accompanying figure and the molecules labeled A, B, C, D, and E. If the carbon atom of each of the incoming CO₂ molecules is labeled with a radioactive isotope of carbon, which organic molecules will be radioactively labeled after one cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  C only 
B)  B, C, D, and E 
C)  C, D, and E only 
D)  B and C only 
A)  C only 
B)  B, C, D, and E 
C)  C, D, and E only 
D)  B and C only

Question 3

Where are ATP synthase complexes located in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  thylakoid membrane only 
B)  inner mitochondrial membrane only 
C)  thylakoid membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane 
D)  thylakoid membrane and plasma membrane 
A)  thylakoid membrane only 
B)  inner mitochondrial membrane only 
C)  thylakoid membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane 
D)  thylakoid membrane and plasma membrane

Question 4

As a research scientist, you measure the amount of ATP and NADPH consumed by the Calvin cycle in one hour. You find that 30,000 molecules of ATP were consumed, but only 20,000 molecules of NADPH were consumed. What is the source of the extra ATP molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  photosystem II 
B)  photosystem I 
C)  cyclic electron flow 
D)  linear electron flow 
A)  photosystem II 
B)  photosystem I 
C)  cyclic electron flow 
D)  linear electron flow

Question 5

A spaceship is designed to support animal life for a multiyear voyage to the outer planets of the solar system. Plants will be grown to provide oxygen and to recycle carbon dioxide. Since the spaceship will be too far from the sun for photosynthesis, an artificial light source will be needed. Suppose a plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment and the leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are absorbed by this pigment?

Accepted Answer

A)  red and yellow 
B)  blue and violet 
C)  green and yellow 
D)  green and red 
A)  red and yellow 
B)  blue and violet 
C)  green and yellow 
D)  green and red

Question 6

Use the following figure to answer the question.
 
If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO₂ containing heavy oxygen (¹⁸O), which of the following molecules produced by the algae (refer to the accompanying figure) will fail to contain ¹⁸O in later biochemical analyses?

Accepted Answer

A)  glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) 
B)  3-phosphoglycerate 
C)  ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) 
D)  ADP 
A)  glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) 
B)  3-phosphoglycerate 
C)  ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) 
D)  ADP

Question 7

What are the products of linear electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  heat and fluorescence 
B)  ATP and P700 
C)  ATP and NADPH 
D)  ADP and NADP⁺ 
A)  heat and fluorescence 
B)  ATP and P700 
C)  ATP and NADPH 
D)  ADP and NADP⁺

Question 8

Why might the alternative pathways of photosynthesis using C₄ or CAM systems be described as metabolic compromises?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both pathways increase the rate of photosynthesis but also increase the rate of water loss. 
B)  The CAM pathway allows more CO₂ into the plant but also increases the rate of water loss. 
C)  The C₄ pathway decreases water loss but also increases the rate of photorespiration. 
D)  Both pathways minimize photorespiration but also expend more ATP during carbon fixation. 
A)  Both pathways increase the rate of photosynthesis but also increase the rate of water loss. 
B)  The CAM pathway allows more CO₂ into the plant but also increases the rate of water loss. 
C)  The C₄ pathway decreases water loss but also increases the rate of photorespiration. 
D)  Both pathways minimize photorespiration but also expend more ATP during carbon fixation.

Question 9

Some photosynthetic organisms contain chloroplasts that lack photosystem II, yet are able to survive. Which of the following approaches would be the best way to detect the lack of photosystem II in these organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Determine whether they have thylakoid membranes. 
B)  Determine whether they consume CO₂ in the dark. 
C)  Determine whether they produce O₂ in the light. 
D)  Determine the action spectrum for photosynthesis in these organisms. 
A)  Determine whether they have thylakoid membranes. 
B)  Determine whether they consume CO₂ in the dark. 
C)  Determine whether they produce O₂ in the light. 
D)  Determine the action spectrum for photosynthesis in these organisms.

Question 10

What would be the expected effect on plants if the atmospheric CO₂ concentration was doubled?

Accepted Answer

A)  All plants would have faster growth rates. 
B)  C₃ plants would have faster growth rates; C₄ plants would be minimally affected. 
C)  C₄ plants would have faster growth rates; C₃ plants would be minimally affected. 
D)  C₃ plants would have faster growth rates; C₄ plants would have slower growth rates. 
A)  All plants would have faster growth rates. 
B)  C₃ plants would have faster growth rates; C₄ plants would be minimally affected. 
C)  C₄ plants would have faster growth rates; C₃ plants would be minimally affected. 
D)  C₃ plants would have faster growth rates; C₄ plants would have slower growth rates.

Question 11

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADPH → O₂ → CO₂ 
B)  H₂O → NADPH → Calvin cycle 
C)  NADPH → chlorophyll → Calvin cycle 
D)  NADPH → electron transport chain → O₂ 
A)  NADPH → O₂ → CO₂ 
B)  H₂O → NADPH → Calvin cycle 
C)  NADPH → chlorophyll → Calvin cycle 
D)  NADPH → electron transport chain → O₂

Question 12

Carbon dioxide is split to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds in which of the following metabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  only photosynthesis 
B)  only respiration 
C)  photosynthesis and respiration 
D)  neither photosynthesis nor respiration 
A)  only photosynthesis 
B)  only respiration 
C)  photosynthesis and respiration 
D)  neither photosynthesis nor respiration

Question 13

To identify the molecule that accepts CO₂, Calvin and Benson manipulated the carbon-fixation cycle by either cutting off CO₂ or cutting off light from cultures of photosynthetic algae. They then measured the concentrations of various metabolites immediately following the manipulation. How would these experiments help identify the CO₂ acceptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  The CO₂ acceptor concentration would decrease when either the CO₂ or light are cut off. 
B)  The CO₂ acceptor concentration would increase when either the CO₂ or light are cut off. 
C)  The CO₂ acceptor concentration would decrease when the CO₂ is cut off, but increase when the light is cut off. 
D)  The CO₂ acceptor concentration would increase when the CO₂ is cut off, but decrease when the light is cut off. 
A)  The CO₂ acceptor concentration would decrease when either the CO₂ or light are cut off. 
B)  The CO₂ acceptor concentration would increase when either the CO₂ or light are cut off. 
C)  The CO₂ acceptor concentration would decrease when the CO₂ is cut off, but increase when the light is cut off. 
D)  The CO₂ acceptor concentration would increase when the CO₂ is cut off, but decrease when the light is cut off.

Question 14

A gardener is concerned that her greenhouse is getting too hot from too much light and seeks to shade her plants with colored translucent plastic sheets, the color of which allows passage of only that wavelength. What color should she use to reduce overall light energy but still maximize plant growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  green 
B)  blue 
C)  orange 
D)  Any color will work equally well. 
A)  green 
B)  blue 
C)  orange 
D)  Any color will work equally well.

Question 15

Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light. What did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature of the red and blue light. 
B)  Bacteria congregated in these areas because these areas had the most oxygen being released. 
C)  Bacteria are attracted to red and blue light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths. 
D)  Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature caused by an increase in photosynthesis. 
A)  Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature of the red and blue light. 
B)  Bacteria congregated in these areas because these areas had the most oxygen being released. 
C)  Bacteria are attracted to red and blue light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths. 
D)  Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature caused by an increase in photosynthesis.

Question 16

Under what conditions do photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur only in the light. 
B)  Photosynthesis occurs only in the light, and cellular respiration occurs only in the dark. 
C)  Photosynthesis occurs only in the light, and cellular respiration occurs in both the dark and the light. 
D)  Photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in both the dark and the light. 
A)  Photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur only in the light. 
B)  Photosynthesis occurs only in the light, and cellular respiration occurs only in the dark. 
C)  Photosynthesis occurs only in the light, and cellular respiration occurs in both the dark and the light. 
D)  Photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in both the dark and the light.

Question 17

What are the products of cyclic electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  heat and fluorescence 
B)  ATP 
C)  ATP and NADPH 
D)  ADP and NADP⁺ 
A)  heat and fluorescence 
B)  ATP 
C)  ATP and NADPH 
D)  ADP and NADP⁺

Question 18

Use the following figure to answer the question.
 
Referring to the accompanying figure, where would elevated concentrations of oxygen inhibit carbon fixation reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  cell I only 
B)  cell II only 
C)  neither cell I nor cell II 
D)  both cell I and cell II 
A)  cell I only 
B)  cell II only 
C)  neither cell I nor cell II 
D)  both cell I and cell II

Question 19

The oxygen released by photosynthesis is produced by which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  splitting water molecules 
B)  chemiosmosis 
C)  the electron transfer system of photosystem I 
D)  the electron transfer system of photosystem II 
A)  splitting water molecules 
B)  chemiosmosis 
C)  the electron transfer system of photosystem I 
D)  the electron transfer system of photosystem II

Question 20

In a plant, which of the following reactions produce molecular oxygen (O₂)?

Accepted Answer

A)  the light reactions alone 
B)  the Calvin cycle alone 
C)  the light reactions and the Calvin cycle 
D)  neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle 
A)  the light reactions alone 
B)  the Calvin cycle alone 
C)  the light reactions and the Calvin cycle 
D)  neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle

Exam 10: Photosynthesis

Use the following figure to answer the question. What wavelength of light in the figure is most effective in driving photosynthesis?

Where are ATP synthase complexes located in plant cells?

As a research scientist, you measure the amount of ATP and NADPH consumed by the Calvin cycle in one hour. You find that 30,000 molecules of ATP were consumed, but only 20,000 molecules of NADPH were consumed. What is the source of the extra ATP molecules?

Use the following figure to answer the question. If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO₂ containing heavy oxygen (¹⁸O), which of the following molecules produced by the algae (refer to the accompanying figure) will fail to contain ¹⁸O in later biochemical analyses?

What are the products of linear electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Why might the alternative pathways of photosynthesis using C₄ or CAM systems be described as metabolic compromises?

Some photosynthetic organisms contain chloroplasts that lack photosystem II, yet are able to survive. Which of the following approaches would be the best way to detect the lack of photosystem II in these organisms?

What would be the expected effect on plants if the atmospheric CO₂ concentration was doubled?

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide is split to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds in which of the following metabolic pathways?

Under what conditions do photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in plants?

What are the products of cyclic electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Use the following figure to answer the question. Referring to the accompanying figure, where would elevated concentrations of oxygen inhibit carbon fixation reactions?

The oxygen released by photosynthesis is produced by which of the following processes?

In a plant, which of the following reactions produce molecular oxygen (O₂)?

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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