Question 1

A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  community 
B)  population 
C)  ecosystem 
D)  family 
A)  community 
B)  population 
C)  ecosystem 
D)  family

Question 2

Which of the following order is correct in terms of the hierarchy of the organization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ecosystem → Biosphere → Population → Community → Organism 
B)  Biosphere → Ecosystem → Population → Community → Organism 
C)  Ecosystem → Community → Biosphere → Population → Organism 
D)  Biosphere → Ecosystem →Community → Population → Organism 
A)  Ecosystem → Biosphere → Population → Community → Organism 
B)  Biosphere → Ecosystem → Population → Community → Organism 
C)  Ecosystem → Community → Biosphere → Population → Organism 
D)  Biosphere → Ecosystem →Community → Population → Organism

Question 3

To understand the chemical basis of inheritance, we must understand the molecular structure of DNA. This is an example of the application of which concept to the study of biology?

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution 
B)  emergent properties 
C)  reductionism 
D)  feedback regulation 
A)  evolution 
B)  emergent properties 
C)  reductionism 
D)  feedback regulation

Question 4

Which of the following are qualities of any good scientific hypothesis?
I. It is testable.
II. It is falsifiable.
III. It produces quantitative data.
IV. It produces results that can be replicated.

Accepted Answer

A)  I only 
B)  III only 
C)  I and II 
D)  III and IV 
A)  I only 
B)  III only 
C)  I and II 
D)  III and IV

Question 5

The following experiment is used for the following question.
A researcher discovered a species of moth that lays its eggs on oak trees. Eggs are laid at two distinct times of the year: early in spring when the oak trees are flowering and in midsummer when flowering is past. Caterpillars from eggs that hatch in spring feed on oak flowers and look like oak flowers, but caterpillars that hatch in summer feed on oak leaves and look like oak twigs.
How does the same population of moths produce such different-looking caterpillars on the same trees? To answer this question, the biologist caught many female moths from the same population and collected their eggs. He put at least one egg from each female into eight identical cups. The eggs hatched, and at least two larvae from each female were maintained in one of the four temperature and light conditions listed below.
 
In each of the four environments, one of the caterpillars was fed oak flowers, the other oak leaves. Thus, there were a total of eight treatment groups (4 environments × 2 diets).
Recall that in the experiment, caterpillars born in the spring looked like flowers, and caterpillars born in the summer looked like twigs. What is the most likely selective advantage for this difference in body shape?

Accepted Answer

A)  Looking like their food sources allows the caterpillars to move through their environment more efficiently. 
B)  Development into the adult moth form is faster for caterpillars shaped like twigs than like flowers. 
C)  Looking like their food source lets the caterpillars blend into their surroundings, reducing predation. 
D)  Looking like their food source will increase the caterpillars' feeding efficiency; this would increase their growth rate and survival rate. 
A)  Looking like their food sources allows the caterpillars to move through their environment more efficiently. 
B)  Development into the adult moth form is faster for caterpillars shaped like twigs than like flowers. 
C)  Looking like their food source lets the caterpillars blend into their surroundings, reducing predation. 
D)  Looking like their food source will increase the caterpillars' feeding efficiency; this would increase their growth rate and survival rate.

Question 6

Cells are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  only found in pairs, because single cells cannot exist independently 
B)  limited in size to 200 and 500 micrometers in diameter 
C)  characteristic of eukaryotic but not prokaryotic organisms 
D)  characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms 
A)  only found in pairs, because single cells cannot exist independently 
B)  limited in size to 200 and 500 micrometers in diameter 
C)  characteristic of eukaryotic but not prokaryotic organisms 
D)  characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms

Question 7

Use the following information when answering the following question.
In 1668, Francesco Redi performed a series of experiments on spontaneous generation. He began by putting similar pieces of meat into eight identical jars. Four jars were left open to the air, and four were sealed. He then did the same experiment with one variation: Instead of sealing four of the jars completely, he covered them with gauze (the gauze excluded the flies while allowing the meat to be exposed to air). In both experiments, he monitored the jars and recorded whether or not maggots (young flies) appeared in the meat.
What hypothesis was being tested in the initial experiment with open versus sealed jars?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spontaneous generation is more likely during the long days of summer. 
B)  The type of meat used affects the likelihood of spontaneous generation. 
C)  Maggots do not arise spontaneously, but from eggs laid by adult flies. 
D)  Spontaneous generation can occur only if meat is exposed to air. 
A)  Spontaneous generation is more likely during the long days of summer. 
B)  The type of meat used affects the likelihood of spontaneous generation. 
C)  Maggots do not arise spontaneously, but from eggs laid by adult flies. 
D)  Spontaneous generation can occur only if meat is exposed to air.

Question 8

The application of scientific knowledge for some specific purpose is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  technology 
B)  deductive science 
C)  inductive science 
D)  pure science 
A)  technology 
B)  deductive science 
C)  inductive science 
D)  pure science

Question 9

A scientist, who wants to study the effects of nitrogen on wheat plants, sets up an experiment with 4 groups of wheat plants: group A gets 20 pounds per acre, group B gets 40 pounds per acre, group C gets 60 pounds per acre, and group D gets 0 pounds per acre. Which of the following is the control group?

Accepted Answer

A)  group A 
B)  group B 
C)  group C 
D)  group D 
A)  group A 
B)  group B 
C)  group C 
D)  group D

Question 10

Use the following figure to answer the question.
 
"A" is ________; "B" is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the most recent species to evolve on Earth; an ancestor of group "A" 
B)  the most recent species to evolve on Earth; the last common ancestor of Archaea and Eukarya 
C)  the common ancestor of all life; the common ancestor of Bacteria and Archaea 
D)  the common ancestor of all life; the last common ancestor of Archaea and Eukarya 
A)  the most recent species to evolve on Earth; an ancestor of group "A" 
B)  the most recent species to evolve on Earth; the last common ancestor of Archaea and Eukarya 
C)  the common ancestor of all life; the common ancestor of Bacteria and Archaea 
D)  the common ancestor of all life; the last common ancestor of Archaea and Eukarya

Question 11

Plants convert ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical energy to mechanical energy. 
B)  sunlight to mechanical energy. 
C)  sunlight to chemical energy. 
D)  mechanical energy to chemical energy. 
A)  chemical energy to mechanical energy. 
B)  sunlight to mechanical energy. 
C)  sunlight to chemical energy. 
D)  mechanical energy to chemical energy.

Exam 1: Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a ________.

Which of the following order is correct in terms of the hierarchy of the organization?

To understand the chemical basis of inheritance, we must understand the molecular structure of DNA. This is an example of the application of which concept to the study of biology?

Which of the following are qualities of any good scientific hypothesis? I. It is testable. II. It is falsifiable. III. It produces quantitative data. IV. It produces results that can be replicated.

Cells are ________.

The application of scientific knowledge for some specific purpose is known as ________.

Use the following figure to answer the question. "A" is ________; "B" is ________.

Plants convert ________.

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters

Use the following figure to answer the question. "A" is ; "B" is .