Exam 14: Industrial and Organizational Psychology

Halo effect refers to a bias,common in performance appraisals,that occurs when a rater gives an employee different ratings on all of the items being evaluated,even though the individual shows consistency across the dimensions being assessed.

Describe the four areas of emphasis of industrial psychology.

Which of the following is true of the meaning of work?

Behavior such as the use of sexually graphic humor in the workplace that is aimed at a coworker of the opposite gender is an example of quid pro quo sexual harassment.

_____ focuses on increasing efficiency and productivity through the appropriate use of a firm's personnel or employees.

According to the Hawthorne effect,people perform better when they are:

Ryan works as a software engineer at Sysinfo Inc.,a software firm.He usually comes in early for work and stays late,beyond the normal working hours.He also assists his colleagues with assignments when they approach him for help.In this scenario,Ryan's conduct exemplifies _____.

Which of the following statements is true with regard to workplace performance appraisals and job termination?

Joshua is a marketing associate at Sapphire Inc.He has been working in the company for the past five years and is expecting a promotion to the position of assistant marketing manager.Although his performance is consistent,he is an introvert.The management turns down his promotion on the grounds that the position requires an active leadership style.Which of the following might the management have referred to in order to arrive at such a decision?

Kevin is a project lead at Prizm Corp.He entrusts his subordinates with important projects and seeks their advice on major product decisions.In the context of the different approaches to management,Kevin exhibits the characteristics of a _____ in this scenario.

Gwen has been working at her current job for seven years and is due for a promotion.Her manager asks her to create a description of what her job entails and asks her to specify the skills required to execute her tasks on a daily basis.Gwen's manager has asked her to write a(n):

A company whose management hoped to increase productivity selected two groups of employees to participate in a workplace study.One group was subjected to background music while it worked and the other was not subjected to any music.The results showed that productivity increased equally in both groups,but did not increase in other workers who were not included in the study.This result is most likely an example of the Hawthorne effect.

Which of the following factors is related to job satisfaction?

Understanding and enhancing the safety and efficiency of the human-machine interaction is the central focus of:

Every time Jonathan passes by Bianca's cubicle,he brushes up against her.Bianca believes that his behavior is deliberate.Jonathan's advances trouble Bianca and have had a negative impact on her productivity.Which of the following cases of sexual harassment can Bianca file against Jonathan?

_____ is the managerial philosophy that emphasizes the worker as a well-oiled machine and the determination of the most efficient methods for performing any work-related task.

A theory Y manager tends to:

Mark is a manager who spends a great deal of his time thinking of new ways to improve his organization.His subordinates describe him as being charismatic and visionary.He often encourages his employees to expand their skills and motivates them to reach their full potential.In the context of organizational psychology,Mark exhibits the characteristics of a(n)_____.

Bruce is the owner of Orion Inc.,a manufacturer of electronic gadgets.He wants to hire the most honest job applicants as marketing executives for the company.In the context of employee selection,it can be inferred that Bruce is likely to employ a(n)_____ to assess the honesty levels of the job applicants.

Robert is one of the several board members who are in charge of hiring a new CEO to run a company that has been showing signs of decline for several years.Which of the following types of leaders should the board be seeking?