Question 1

The motivation to achieve approval is

Accepted Answer

A)  impression motivation. 
B)  attraction motivation. 
C)  accuracy motivation. 
D)  consistency motivation. 
A)  impression motivation. 
B)  attraction motivation. 
C)  accuracy motivation. 
D)  consistency motivation.

Question 2

When should you try to change someone's attitudes through central processing of the message?

Accepted Answer

A)  when your arguments are weak 
B)  when your goal is to achieve temporary attitude change 
C)  when the audience has a low need for cognition 
D)  when your goal is to achieve attitude change that is resistant to counterattacks 
A)  when your arguments are weak 
B)  when your goal is to achieve temporary attitude change 
C)  when the audience has a low need for cognition 
D)  when your goal is to achieve attitude change that is resistant to counterattacks

Question 3

Name and describe the two personal factors that can impact the desire for accuracy.

Accepted Answer

Issue involvement: If higher (

Question 4

The text discusses how anti-tobacco groups aired TV ads that parodied ads by tobacco companies,such as the ad where tough Marlboro Man-like characters were reduced to wheezing and coughing.These parody ads were effective because they induced viewers to

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce the attitude accessibility of pro-tobacco attitudes. 
B)  experience cognitive dissonance. 
C)  eliminate self-talk that could convince them to keep smoking. 
D)  register counterarguments against the tobacco company ads. 
A)  reduce the attitude accessibility of pro-tobacco attitudes. 
B)  experience cognitive dissonance. 
C)  eliminate self-talk that could convince them to keep smoking. 
D)  register counterarguments against the tobacco company ads.

Question 5

A study (Sivacek & Crano,1982)was conducted at Michigan State University when the government proposed raising the drinking age from 18 to 21.Which students volunteered to campaign against the proposal and why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Students who were under 20 were more likely to volunteer because the issue was more personally relevant to them. 
B)  Students majoring in law or government were more likely to volunteer because they had greater knowledge about the issue. 
C)  Students who were under 20 were more likely to volunteer because students 21 and over were not against the proposal. 
D)  Students who drank more frequently were more likely to volunteer because their attitudes were more accessible. 
A)  Students who were under 20 were more likely to volunteer because the issue was more personally relevant to them. 
B)  Students majoring in law or government were more likely to volunteer because they had greater knowledge about the issue. 
C)  Students who were under 20 were more likely to volunteer because students 21 and over were not against the proposal. 
D)  Students who drank more frequently were more likely to volunteer because their attitudes were more accessible.

Question 6

Vinny is a professional thief and currently in prison.As such,he's not what most people would consider a trustworthy communicator.However,if Vinny were to voice one of the following messages,he could be considered a trustworthy communicator.Which one would make him the most trustworthy?

Accepted Answer

A)  He should promote shorter jail terms. 
B)  He should promote longer jail terms. 
C)  He should promote a liberal candidate for public office. 
D)  He should promote greater access to educational materials in the prison system. 
A)  He should promote shorter jail terms. 
B)  He should promote longer jail terms. 
C)  He should promote a liberal candidate for public office. 
D)  He should promote greater access to educational materials in the prison system.

Question 7

A credible communicator is defined as one who is both

Accepted Answer

A)  expert and attractive. 
B)  expert and trustworthy. 
C)  expert and knowledgeable. 
D)  attractive and knowledgeable. 
A)  expert and attractive. 
B)  expert and trustworthy. 
C)  expert and knowledgeable. 
D)  attractive and knowledgeable.

Question 8

Describe the Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)study.Be sure to discuss which individuals were more likely to experience dissonance and change their attitudes.What was the more general lesson learned about counterattitudinal behavior?

Accepted Answer

A complete answer would mention the bori

Question 9

What is the role of arousal in the effect of cognitive dissonance on attitude change?

Accepted Answer

A)  People change their attitudes as a result of pleasant arousal. 
B)  People are more likely to experience cognitive dissonance when they are pleasantly aroused. 
C)  Inconsistency between attitudes and behavior leads to unpleasant arousal, which prevents people from changing their attitudes. 
D)  Inconsistency between attitudes and behavior leads to unpleasant arousal, which makes people change their attitudes. 
A)  People change their attitudes as a result of pleasant arousal. 
B)  People are more likely to experience cognitive dissonance when they are pleasantly aroused. 
C)  Inconsistency between attitudes and behavior leads to unpleasant arousal, which prevents people from changing their attitudes. 
D)  Inconsistency between attitudes and behavior leads to unpleasant arousal, which makes people change their attitudes.

Question 10

Which of the following pairs of theories is derived from the human desire to be consistent?

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive response theory and cognitive dissonance theory 
B)  behaviorism and learning theory 
C)  cognitive response theory and self-enhancement theory 
D)  balance theory and cognitive dissonance theory 
A)  cognitive response theory and cognitive dissonance theory 
B)  behaviorism and learning theory 
C)  cognitive response theory and self-enhancement theory 
D)  balance theory and cognitive dissonance theory

Question 11

Cognitive response theory is based on the principles of operant conditioning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Strong cognitive dissonance effects are NOT likely to occur when

Accepted Answer

A)  the actor feels he or she had free choice in acting contrary to his or her beliefs. 
B)  a decision is final. 
C)  there is strong external justification for acting contrary to one's beliefs. 
D)  the self is involved. 
A)  the actor feels he or she had free choice in acting contrary to his or her beliefs. 
B)  a decision is final. 
C)  there is strong external justification for acting contrary to one's beliefs. 
D)  the self is involved.

Question 13

What is meant by unwelcome information in a persuasion context? Describe the impact of unwelcome information on the desire for accuracy.

Accepted Answer

When people encounter unwelcome informat

Question 14

Suppose that you have to deliver a message that contains primarily weak arguments.What could you do to increase its persuasiveness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Present the arguments slowly, so the audience can process them centrally. 
B)  Present the message in print. 
C)  Present the arguments rapidly, so the audience will not have enough time to consider them centrally. 
D)  Make sure that there are no distractions while the audience is processing your ad. 
A)  Present the arguments slowly, so the audience can process them centrally. 
B)  Present the message in print. 
C)  Present the arguments rapidly, so the audience will not have enough time to consider them centrally. 
D)  Make sure that there are no distractions while the audience is processing your ad.

Question 15

After-only design should be used for measuring attitude change only when

Accepted Answer

A)  there isn't a control group in the design of the study. 
B)  participants are placed in either the treatment or control condition completely by chance. 
C)  covert measures of attitudes are used. 
D)  there isn't random assignment. 
A)  there isn't a control group in the design of the study. 
B)  participants are placed in either the treatment or control condition completely by chance. 
C)  covert measures of attitudes are used. 
D)  there isn't random assignment.

Question 16

Describe the relationship between personal relevance and attitude-behavior consistency,and provide an example.

Accepted Answer

The greater the pers

Question 17

Criminal interrogators often tell the suspect that they have an eyewitness who agrees with them.According to the text,this tactic is

Accepted Answer

A)  successful, because criminal interrogators never use it if there really isn't an eyewitness. 
B)  successful, because the suspect uses the eyewitness testimony in order to form an "accurate" judgment of whether he or she committed the crime. 
C)  not successful, because criminal interrogators sometimes use false evidence. 
D)  not successful, because more than one eyewitness testimony is necessary to influence the suspect. 
A)  successful, because criminal interrogators never use it if there really isn't an eyewitness. 
B)  successful, because the suspect uses the eyewitness testimony in order to form an "accurate" judgment of whether he or she committed the crime. 
C)  not successful, because criminal interrogators sometimes use false evidence. 
D)  not successful, because more than one eyewitness testimony is necessary to influence the suspect.

Question 18

The desire to make accurate judgments is highest

Accepted Answer

A)  when the topic is of low personal relevance. 
B)  when the person is in a happy mood. 
C)  when a person is self-confident. 
D)  before a decision is made. 
A)  when the topic is of low personal relevance. 
B)  when the person is in a happy mood. 
C)  when a person is self-confident. 
D)  before a decision is made.

Question 19

Strong attitudes are more resistant to persuasion because

Accepted Answer

A)  people who hold strong attitudes have logically reviewed numerous arguments for and against their initial position. 
B)  people who hold strong attitudes are less certain that their position is correct. 
C)  strong attitudes are more related to additional features of the person. 
D)  people who hold strong attitudes are more likely to systematically process the arguments against their initial attitudes. 
A)  people who hold strong attitudes have logically reviewed numerous arguments for and against their initial position. 
B)  people who hold strong attitudes are less certain that their position is correct. 
C)  strong attitudes are more related to additional features of the person. 
D)  people who hold strong attitudes are more likely to systematically process the arguments against their initial attitudes.

Question 20

In a study conducted by Cooper,Bennett,and Sukel (1996),a jury was most persuaded by a witness who was

Accepted Answer

A)  moderately expert in his field and spoke in complex, almost incomprehensible language. 
B)  moderately expert in his field and spoke in ordinary, easy-to-understand language. 
C)  highly expert in his field and spoke in complex, almost incomprehensible language. 
D)  highly expert in his field and spoke in ordinary, easy-to-understand language. 
A)  moderately expert in his field and spoke in complex, almost incomprehensible language. 
B)  moderately expert in his field and spoke in ordinary, easy-to-understand language. 
C)  highly expert in his field and spoke in complex, almost incomprehensible language. 
D)  highly expert in his field and spoke in ordinary, easy-to-understand language.

The motivation to achieve approval is

When should you try to change someone's attitudes through central processing of the message?

Name and describe the two personal factors that can impact the desire for accuracy.

The text discusses how anti-tobacco groups aired TV ads that parodied ads by tobacco companies,such as the ad where tough Marlboro Man-like characters were reduced to wheezing and coughing.These parody ads were effective because they induced viewers to

A study (Sivacek & Crano,1982)was conducted at Michigan State University when the government proposed raising the drinking age from 18 to 21.Which students volunteered to campaign against the proposal and why?

Vinny is a professional thief and currently in prison.As such,he's not what most people would consider a trustworthy communicator.However,if Vinny were to voice one of the following messages,he could be considered a trustworthy communicator.Which one would make him the most trustworthy?

A credible communicator is defined as one who is both

Describe the Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)study.Be sure to discuss which individuals were more likely to experience dissonance and change their attitudes.What was the more general lesson learned about counterattitudinal behavior?

What is the role of arousal in the effect of cognitive dissonance on attitude change?

Which of the following pairs of theories is derived from the human desire to be consistent?

Cognitive response theory is based on the principles of operant conditioning.

Strong cognitive dissonance effects are NOT likely to occur when

What is meant by unwelcome information in a persuasion context? Describe the impact of unwelcome information on the desire for accuracy.

Suppose that you have to deliver a message that contains primarily weak arguments.What could you do to increase its persuasiveness?

After-only design should be used for measuring attitude change only when

Describe the relationship between personal relevance and attitude-behavior consistency,and provide an example.

Criminal interrogators often tell the suspect that they have an eyewitness who agrees with them.According to the text,this tactic is

The desire to make accurate judgments is highest

Strong attitudes are more resistant to persuasion because

In a study conducted by Cooper,Bennett,and Sukel (1996),a jury was most persuaded by a witness who was

Introduction to Social Psychology

The Person and the Situation

Social Cognition: Understanding Ourselves and Others

Presenting the Self

Social Influence: Conformity, Compliance, and Obedience

Affiliation and Friendship

Love and Romantic Relationships

Prosocial Behavior

Aggression

Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination

Groups

Social Dilemmas: Cooperation versus Conflict

Integrating Social Psychology

Filters

Exam 5: Attitudes and Persuasion

The motivation to achieve approval is

When should you try to change someone's attitudes through central processing of the message?

Name and describe the two personal factors that can impact the desire for accuracy.

The text discusses how anti-tobacco groups aired TV ads that parodied ads by tobacco companies,such as the ad where tough Marlboro Man-like characters were reduced to wheezing and coughing.These parody ads were effective because they induced viewers to

A study (Sivacek & Crano,1982)was conducted at Michigan State University when the government proposed raising the drinking age from 18 to 21.Which students volunteered to campaign against the proposal and why?

Vinny is a professional thief and currently in prison.As such,he's not what most people would consider a trustworthy communicator.However,if Vinny were to voice one of the following messages,he could be considered a trustworthy communicator.Which one would make him the most trustworthy?

A credible communicator is defined as one who is both

Describe the Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)study.Be sure to discuss which individuals were more likely to experience dissonance and change their attitudes.What was the more general lesson learned about counterattitudinal behavior?

What is the role of arousal in the effect of cognitive dissonance on attitude change?

Which of the following pairs of theories is derived from the human desire to be consistent?

Cognitive response theory is based on the principles of operant conditioning.

Strong cognitive dissonance effects are NOT likely to occur when

What is meant by unwelcome information in a persuasion context? Describe the impact of unwelcome information on the desire for accuracy.

Suppose that you have to deliver a message that contains primarily weak arguments.What could you do to increase its persuasiveness?

After-only design should be used for measuring attitude change only when

Describe the relationship between personal relevance and attitude-behavior consistency,and provide an example.

Criminal interrogators often tell the suspect that they have an eyewitness who agrees with them.According to the text,this tactic is

The desire to make accurate judgments is highest

Strong attitudes are more resistant to persuasion because

In a study conducted by Cooper,Bennett,and Sukel (1996),a jury was most persuaded by a witness who was

Introduction to Social Psychology

The Person and the Situation

Social Cognition: Understanding Ourselves and Others

Presenting the Self

Social Influence: Conformity, Compliance, and Obedience

Affiliation and Friendship

Love and Romantic Relationships

Prosocial Behavior

Aggression

Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination

Groups

Social Dilemmas: Cooperation versus Conflict

Integrating Social Psychology

Filters