Question 1

When discussing DNA replication, which enzyme is most important?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA polymerase 
B)  Transfer RNA 
C)  Messenger RNA 
D)  DNA polymerase 
A)  RNA polymerase 
B)  Transfer RNA 
C)  Messenger RNA 
D)  DNA polymerase

Question 2

What genetic disorder is the result if an individual possesses an XXY chromosome configuration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Turner 
B)  Klinefelter 
C)  Down 
D)  Fragile X 
A)  Turner 
B)  Klinefelter 
C)  Down 
D)  Fragile X

Question 3

To express a polygenic trait:

Accepted Answer

A)  genes must interact with the environment. 
B)  several genes must act together. 
C)  multiple mutations must occur in the same family. 
D)  penetrance must occur. 
A)  genes must interact with the environment. 
B)  several genes must act together. 
C)  multiple mutations must occur in the same family. 
D)  penetrance must occur.

Question 4

Which of the following mutations have the most significant effect on protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Base pair substitutions 
B)  Silent mutations 
C)  Intron mutations 
D)  Frameshift mutations 
A)  Base pair substitutions 
B)  Silent mutations 
C)  Intron mutations 
D)  Frameshift mutations

Question 5

A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child.Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes.What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Biploidy 
B)  Triploidy 
C)  Tetraploidy 
D)  Aneuploidy 
A)  Biploidy 
B)  Triploidy 
C)  Tetraploidy 
D)  Aneuploidy

Question 6

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paternal nondisjunction 
B)  Maternal translocations 
C)  Maternal nondisjunction 
D)  Paternal translocations 
A)  Paternal nondisjunction 
B)  Maternal translocations 
C)  Maternal nondisjunction 
D)  Paternal translocations

Question 7

When the nurse is teaching the staff about X-linked recessive disorders, which information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  The trait is seen much more often in females than in males. 
B)  The trait is never transmitted from father to son. 
C)  The gene can be transmitted through a series of carrier females. 
D)  The gene is passed from an affected father to all his daughters. 
E)  The trait never skips generations. 
A)  The trait is seen much more often in females than in males. 
B)  The trait is never transmitted from father to son. 
C)  The gene can be transmitted through a series of carrier females. 
D)  The gene is passed from an affected father to all his daughters. 
E)  The trait never skips generations.

Question 8

A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome.His karyotype would reveal which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  XY 
B)  XX 
C)  XYY 
D)  XXY 
A)  XY 
B)  XX 
C)  XYY 
D)  XXY

Question 9

A nurse recalls the basic components of DNA are:

Accepted Answer

A)  pentose sugars and four phosphate bases. 
B)  a phosphate molecule, deoxyribose, and four nitrogenous bases. 
C)  adenine, guanine, and purine. 
D)  codons, oxygen, and cytosine. 
A)  pentose sugars and four phosphate bases. 
B)  a phosphate molecule, deoxyribose, and four nitrogenous bases. 
C)  adenine, guanine, and purine. 
D)  codons, oxygen, and cytosine.

Question 10

A 13-year-old girl has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present.What medical diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart?

Accepted Answer

A)  Down syndrome 
B)  Cri du chat syndrome 
C)  Turner syndrome 
D)  Fragile X syndrome 
A)  Down syndrome 
B)  Cri du chat syndrome 
C)  Turner syndrome 
D)  Fragile X syndrome

Question 11

What is the result of homologous chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurofibromatosis 
B)  Nondisjunction 
C)  Polyploidy 
D)  Conjoined twins 
A)  Neurofibromatosis 
B)  Nondisjunction 
C)  Polyploidy 
D)  Conjoined twins

Exam 2: Genes and Genetic Diseases

When discussing DNA replication, which enzyme is most important?

What genetic disorder is the result if an individual possesses an XXY chromosome configuration?

To express a polygenic trait:

Which of the following mutations have the most significant effect on protein synthesis?

A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child.Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes.What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition?

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

When the nurse is teaching the staff about X-linked recessive disorders, which information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome.His karyotype would reveal which of the following?

A nurse recalls the basic components of DNA are:

A 13-year-old girl has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present.What medical diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart?

What is the result of homologous chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis?

Cellular Biology

Epigenetics and Disease

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junction

Alterations in Immunity

Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children and Adolescents

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

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