Exam 29: Alterations of Pulmonary Function

A patient's arterial blood gas reveals decreased carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels.What is the most likely cause of this situation?

A 60 year old with a history of cirrhosis presents with dyspnea, impaired ventilation, and pleural pain.A diagnosis of pleural effusion is made, and a watery fluid is drained.When giving report, the nurse will refer to this fluid as:

Airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma is related to:

A 70 year old hospitalized for a pelvic fracture develops a pulmonary embolism.The nurse realizes this embolus is most commonly composed of:

An 80 year old develops pneumonia in the hospital.An assessment identifies that the patient is cyanotic and tachycardic and has developed a fever and a cough.Chest x-ray reveals pus in the pleural space.This symptomology supports which medical diagnosis?

A 22 year old presents with chronic bronchitis.Tests reveal closure of the airway during expiration.This condition is most likely caused by:

A 15 year old is diagnosed with restrictive lung disease caused by fibrosis.Which pulmonary function test finding is expected?

Which assessment finding would be expected in pulmonary embolism (PE)? (Select all that apply.)

The patient generally acquires nosocomial pneumonia:

A 10 year old develops pneumonia.Physical exam reveals subcostal and intercostal retractions.The child reports that breathing is difficult with feelings that, "I cannot get enough air." What term should the nurse use to document this condition?

A 60 year old undergoes surgery for a bone fracture.Which nursing measure would be most effective for preventing pulmonary embolism (PE) in this patient?

A 50 year old presents with hypotension, hypoxemia, and tracheal deviation to the left.Tests reveal that the air pressure in the pleural cavity exceeds barometric pressure in the atmosphere.Based upon these assessment findings, what does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?

The organism that causes tuberculosis is a:

A 10 year old is brought to the ER with prolonged bronchospasm and severe hypoxemia.The symptomology supports which diagnosis?

The most common cause of pulmonary edema is:

A 50 year old is diagnosed with lung cancer.The health history includes a 30-year history of smoking, exposure to air pollution, asbestos, and radiation.What had the greatest impact on the development of his cancer?

A 30 year old is diagnosed with emphysema.Changes in this patient's lungs are caused by:

A 57 year old presents with cough, sputum production, dyspnea, and decreased lung volume and is diagnosed with pneumoconiosis.When taking the patient's history, which finding is the most probable cause of the illness?

Aspiration of oral secretions increases a patient's risk for which complication?

As a result of a severe head injury, a patient is now experiencing respiratory abnormalities characterized by alternating periods of deep and shallow breathing with periods of apnea.What term should the nurse use when charting this condition?