Question 1

DNA nucleotides include ________.

Accepted Answer

A) uracil, guanine, adenine, and cytosine 
B) thymine, guanine, adenine, and cytosine 
C) thymine, uracil, adenine, and cytosine 
D) thymine, guanine, adenine, and uracil 
A) uracil, guanine, adenine, and cytosine 
B) thymine, guanine, adenine, and cytosine 
C) thymine, uracil, adenine, and cytosine 
D) thymine, guanine, adenine, and uracil

Question 2

What is the genetic basis for lactose intolerance in humans?

Accepted Answer

A) a change in nucleotide sequence of the lactase gene 
B) a change in nucleotide sequence outside of the lactase gene 
C) a change in nucleotide sequence of the lactase RNA 
D) a change in the amino acid sequence of the lactase enzyme 
A) a change in nucleotide sequence of the lactase gene 
B) a change in nucleotide sequence outside of the lactase gene 
C) a change in nucleotide sequence of the lactase RNA 
D) a change in the amino acid sequence of the lactase enzyme

Question 3

For good health, it is important to include ________ in our diets.

Accepted Answer

A) fructose 
B) monosaccharides 
C) disaccharides 
D) polysaccharides 
A) fructose 
B) monosaccharides 
C) disaccharides 
D) polysaccharides

Question 4

Which statement is TRUE with regard to a DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of guanine, and the amount of thymine is equal to the amount of cytosine. 
B) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of cytosine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of thymine. 
C) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of uracil. 
D) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine. 
A) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of guanine, and the amount of thymine is equal to the amount of cytosine. 
B) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of cytosine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of thymine. 
C) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of uracil. 
D) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine.

Question 5

Amino acids include a side group as well as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a central carbon, a hydrogen atom, an amino group, and a carboxyl group 
B) a central carbon, a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, and a carbonyl group 
C) a central nitrogen, a carbon atom, a hydroxyl group, and a carbonyl group 
D) a central nitrogen, a carbon atom, an amino group, and a carbonyl group 
A) a central carbon, a hydrogen atom, an amino group, and a carboxyl group 
B) a central carbon, a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, and a carbonyl group 
C) a central nitrogen, a carbon atom, a hydroxyl group, and a carbonyl group 
D) a central nitrogen, a carbon atom, an amino group, and a carbonyl group

Question 6

The data below show the distributions of types of fats found in three different food products. What can you conclude from these data?

Accepted Answer

A) Corn oil has a similar proportion of saturated fats as butter. 
B) There is more total fat in a serving of palm oil than in a serving of corn oil. 
C) Butter is a liquid at room temperature. 
D) The majority of the fats in corn oil have double bonds. 
A) Corn oil has a similar proportion of saturated fats as butter. 
B) There is more total fat in a serving of palm oil than in a serving of corn oil. 
C) Butter is a liquid at room temperature. 
D) The majority of the fats in corn oil have double bonds.

Question 7

The amount of carbohydrates in a food product is usually separated into two groups: 1)sugars, which refers only to mono- and disaccharides, and 2)fiber. Out of the 22 grams of total carbohydrates in the chocolate mint cookies, there are 12 grams of sugars and 2 grams of fiber. All of the following statements EXCEPT for one are true about these cookies. Choose the exception.

Accepted Answer

A) There are more mono- and disaccharides than cellulose in the chocolate mint cookies. 
B) There are 8 grams of carbohydrates in the chocolate mint cookies that are not monosaccharides, disaccharides, or fiber. 
C) The majority of the carbohydrates in the chocolate mint cookies will be able to be broken down via hydrolysis reactions when eaten. 
D) There are 6 grams of monosaccharides and 6 grams of disaccharides in the chocolate mint cookies. 
A) There are more mono- and disaccharides than cellulose in the chocolate mint cookies. 
B) There are 8 grams of carbohydrates in the chocolate mint cookies that are not monosaccharides, disaccharides, or fiber. 
C) The majority of the carbohydrates in the chocolate mint cookies will be able to be broken down via hydrolysis reactions when eaten. 
D) There are 6 grams of monosaccharides and 6 grams of disaccharides in the chocolate mint cookies.

Question 8

Scenario
Cooking oils, such as olive oil, are largely made up of unsaturated fats. If you have ever heated cooking oil in a pan, you might have noticed that eventually the oil begins to smoke. The temperature when this occurs is called the "smoke point." At the smoke point, the fatty acids and glycerol molecules that make up the unsaturated fats in the oil begin to break down and form smoke. Different oils have different smoke points, and these smoke points depend on the molecular composition of the oils. Below is a table with data for four different types of cooking oils, including their smoke points (values are for 1 tablespoon each [15 ml]).
  
-Suppose that you wanted to conduct an experiment to determine the smoke points of the oils listed in the table. What would be the experiment that would give you the best information to determine which oil has the highest smoke point?

Accepted Answer

A) Add some olive oil to a pan, heat it over a flame, and measure the temperature of the oil when it begins to smoke. Repeat for the other three oils. 
B) Mix all four oils in a pan, heat them over a flame, and measure the temperature of the oil mixture when it begins to smoke. 
C) Add some olive oil to a pan, heat it over a flame, and measure how long it takes for the oil to begin to smoke. Repeat for the other three oils. 
D) Mix all four oils in a pan, heat them over a flame, and measure how long it takes for the oil mixture to begin to smoke. 
A) Add some olive oil to a pan, heat it over a flame, and measure the temperature of the oil when it begins to smoke. Repeat for the other three oils. 
B) Mix all four oils in a pan, heat them over a flame, and measure the temperature of the oil mixture when it begins to smoke. 
C) Add some olive oil to a pan, heat it over a flame, and measure how long it takes for the oil to begin to smoke. Repeat for the other three oils. 
D) Mix all four oils in a pan, heat them over a flame, and measure how long it takes for the oil mixture to begin to smoke.

Question 9

Enzymes are ________.

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids 
B) monosaccharides 
C) lipids 
D) proteins 
A) amino acids 
B) monosaccharides 
C) lipids 
D) proteins

Question 10

Which substance is hydrophilic?

Accepted Answer

A) cellulose 
B) testosterone 
C) butter 
D) cholesterol 
A) cellulose 
B) testosterone 
C) butter 
D) cholesterol

Question 11

Examine the two sugars in the figure. How do these two sugars compare?

Accepted Answer

A) Glucose has more hydrogen atoms. 
B) Glucose has more double bonds. 
C) They have the same formula but different structures. 
D) They are structurally identical in every way. 
A) Glucose has more hydrogen atoms. 
B) Glucose has more double bonds. 
C) They have the same formula but different structures. 
D) They are structurally identical in every way.

Question 12

Sometimes when I have my morning coffee, which I drink black with no cream or sugar, I notice a thin film floating on top of the coffee. Since I have just read Chapter 3 of the text, I now realize the nature of this substance, and so I run to my friend screaming, "Look at this ________ in my coffee!"

Accepted Answer

A) hydrophilic substance 
B) hydrophobic substance 
C) disaccharide 
D) polysaccharide 
A) hydrophilic substance 
B) hydrophobic substance 
C) disaccharide 
D) polysaccharide

Question 13

________ is a steroid.

Accepted Answer

A) Butter 
B) Sucrose 
C) Amino acid 
D) Estrogen 
A) Butter 
B) Sucrose 
C) Amino acid 
D) Estrogen

Question 14

What is the main sugar found in milk?

Accepted Answer

A) lactose 
B) sucrose 
C) glucose 
D) fructose 
A) lactose 
B) sucrose 
C) glucose 
D) fructose

Question 15

Saturated fats are saturated with ________.

Accepted Answer

A) carbon 
B) nitrogen 
C) hydrogen 
D) oxygen 
A) carbon 
B) nitrogen 
C) hydrogen 
D) oxygen

Question 16

People that are lactose intolerant have a functional copy of the lactase gene but are unable to digest lactose. Which statement must be TRUE about lactose-intolerant people?

Accepted Answer

A) They have the same lactase gene as lactose-tolerant people. 
B) They produce a lactase enzyme but it does not fold properly. 
C) They have a lactase gene made of RNA instead of DNA. 
D) They produce a lactase enzyme that digests glucose instead of lactose. 
A) They have the same lactase gene as lactose-tolerant people. 
B) They produce a lactase enzyme but it does not fold properly. 
C) They have a lactase gene made of RNA instead of DNA. 
D) They produce a lactase enzyme that digests glucose instead of lactose.

Question 17

Cellulose is an example of a ________.

Accepted Answer

A) polypeptide 
B) steroid 
C) polysaccharide 
D) monosaccharide 
A) polypeptide 
B) steroid 
C) polysaccharide 
D) monosaccharide

Question 18

Glucose is to starch as ________ are to proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) fatty acids 
B) polypeptides 
C) amino acids 
D) monosaccharides 
A) fatty acids 
B) polypeptides 
C) amino acids 
D) monosaccharides

Question 19

Please read the following scenario to answer the following questions.
While shopping at the grocery store, you take a look at three types of cookies. Summaries of the nutrition facts labels for the cookies are shown in the table below.
  
-Compare the chocolate mint cookies and the chocolate caramel cookies. Are the chocolate caramel cookies healthier than the chocolate mint cookies? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

A) No, because they have less saturated fat. 
B) Yes, because they have less saturated fat. 
C) Yes, because they have fewer grams of carbohydrates. 
D) No, because they have more grams of trans fat. 
A) No, because they have less saturated fat. 
B) Yes, because they have less saturated fat. 
C) Yes, because they have fewer grams of carbohydrates. 
D) No, because they have more grams of trans fat.

Question 20

Which molecule is an example of a polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) starch 
C) maltose 
D) sucrose 
A) glucose 
B) starch 
C) maltose 
D) sucrose

Exam 3: The Molecules of Life

DNA nucleotides include ________.

What is the genetic basis for lactose intolerance in humans?

For good health, it is important to include ________ in our diets.

Which statement is TRUE with regard to a DNA molecule?

Amino acids include a side group as well as ________.

The data below show the distributions of types of fats found in three different food products. What can you conclude from these data?

Enzymes are ________.

Which substance is hydrophilic?

Examine the two sugars in the figure. How do these two sugars compare?

________ is a steroid.

What is the main sugar found in milk?

Saturated fats are saturated with ________.

People that are lactose intolerant have a functional copy of the lactase gene but are unable to digest lactose. Which statement must be TRUE about lactose-intolerant people?

Cellulose is an example of a ________.

Glucose is to starch as ________ are to proteins.

Which molecule is an example of a polysaccharide?

Learning About Life

Essential Chemistry for Biology

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy From Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells From Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of Dna

How Genes Are Controlled

Dna Technology

How Populations Evolve

How Biological Diversity Evolves

The Evolution of Microbial Life

The Evolution of Plants and Fungi

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Bodys Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous, Sensory, and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

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