Exam 4: A Tour of the Cell

Scenario The first prokaryotic cells gave rise to eukaryotic cells approximately 1.7 billion years ago. The structure of eukaryotic cells today suggests how they might have evolved from their prokaryotic ancestors. Scientists examining mitochondria and chloroplasts now think that these organelles were probably free-living prokaryotes before becoming a part of eukaryotic cells long ago. -Which characteristic of chloroplasts suggests that they might have evolved from free-living bacteria?

The nuclear envelope is composed of ________.

Which adaptation increases the surface area of a part of a cell that is involved in cellular respiration?

When mixed with water, phospholipids spontaneously form membranes because they ________.

A hormone that is secreted from a cell is manufactured by ribosomes ________.

Tay-Sachs disease results from ________ lacking a specific type of lipid-digesting enzyme.

All of the following options (except one)are locations where ribosomes are found inside the cell. Choose the exception.

Which structure manufactures the components of ribosomes?

Scenario The first prokaryotic cells gave rise to eukaryotic cells approximately 1.7 billion years ago. The structure of eukaryotic cells today suggests how they might have evolved from their prokaryotic ancestors. Scientists examining mitochondria and chloroplasts now think that these organelles were probably free-living prokaryotes before becoming a part of eukaryotic cells long ago. -Which characteristic of mitochondria suggests they might have evolved from free-living bacteria?

Transport vesicles move proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to what other organelle?

During a race such as a marathon, the skeletal muscle cells in your legs use a lot of energy to continually contract and power your muscles. What organelle is most likely abundant in skeletal muscle cells?

________ are the major lipids of plasma membranes.

Scenario Different species of bacteria are resistant to different types of antibiotics. For example, one species of bacteria may be resistant to an antibiotic that targets bacterial ribosomes but may not be resistant to a different antibiotic that targets bacterial cell walls. In order to figure out what type of antibiotic(s)a species of bacteria was resistant to, a researcher treated the bacteria with four different antibiotics (A, B, C, and D)and measured how many bacteria were alive over the course of a few weeks. The data that she collected are summarized below. -Why do bacteria numbers start to decline when treated with antibiotic C but then begin to increase as time goes on?

Which is a function of the plasma membrane?

Examine the structure of the plant cell in the figure. Which organelles connect(s)to the endoplasmic reticulum?

The concept of a membrane as a fluid mosaic reflects the ability of ________.

Which is a feature of prokaryotic cells but NOT eukaryotic cells?