Exam 25: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance

The patient who is prescribed a diuretic for fluid-volume excess is discharged home. The patient verbalizes understanding of his disease process when he says:

A 10-month-old infant has had watery green stool for 2 days and refuses the bottle. The nurse is aware that the primary concern for this baby is:

A patient has been identified as having a dietary deficiency of vitamin D. The nurse understands that this patient is also at risk for having a deficiency of:

An isotonic state exists within a patient's body fluids when the solute concentration of:

A nurse gets a positive Chvostek's sign on a young woman with bulimia who has been giving herself frequent enemas containing phosphate. The nurse anticipates a laboratory finding of _____ mEq/L.

A patient with healthy kidneys experiences metabolic alkalosis resulting from episodes of vomiting. The nurse takes into consideration that the kidneys can clear the alkaline substances and fully stabilize the patient's pH in approximately:

The nurse is aware that an infant is more at risk for dehydration because the infant:

The nurse assesses that the patient has developed abdominal pain, urinary retention, and confusion. The nurse concludes these signs are the result of an inadequate supply of:

The patient who was admitted after vomiting for 3 days would show an abnormally low blood pressure because of a fluid shift from:

A patient with a history of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is most likely to have:

A patient with a serum potassium value of less than 3.5 mEq/L is _________.