Exam 25: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance

The nurse clarifies that when electrolytes are in solution, they break up and become ______.

The nurse clarifies that the electrolytes include: (Select all that apply.)

A patient who is experiencing severe diarrhea is losing excessive bicarbonate ions. This patient is at risk for developing:

The nurse assessing a newly admitted patient with marked edema from severe congestive failure would anticipate that the patient would exhibit: (Select all that apply.)

At the beginning of the shift, a patient's IV bag has 960 mL remaining. The IV fluid is running at 75 mL/hr. In 8 hours, there should be how many milliliters remaining in the IV bag?

An anxious adult patient is experiencing a respiratory rate of 40 breaths/min. The most appropriate intervention that the nurse could do is to instruct the patient to:

The nurse is caring for a patient for whom a dose of IV potassium has been ordered. Prior to hanging the potassium, the nurse should:

Based on the information provided, which of these measurements should be recorded on the output sheet? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is aware that a more dynamic process that moves molecules into cells regardless of their electrical charge or concentration in the cell is:

The nurse caring for a frail 92-year-old dehydrated patient should add to the plan of care the potential for

The nurse explains that water as a constituent of the body has the functions of: (Select all that apply.)

A patient with congestive heart failure has gained 1.1 pounds over the last 24 hours. The nurse is aware that this weight gain represents a fluid retention of _____ L.

The nurse is aware that small ions such as glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide redistribute themselves through semi-permeable membranes by a process called:

The nurse points out that non-electrolyte products of metabolism are as important to health as electrolytes. Non-electrolytes include:

For the accurate measurement to detect fluid retention, the nurse instructs the nursing assistants to measure the weight with the same scale:

The physician orders fluid restriction for a patient with severe fluid-volume excess. When a patient is placed on a fluid restriction, the allowance of fluids should be:

The nurse explains that the dehydrated patient's urine is concentrated because:

A patient drank a cup of coffee, a half glass of orange juice, and half a carton of milk with breakfast. Using common equivalents of food containers as a guide, the nurse notes on the intake column of the intake and output sheet that the patient consumed _____ mL.

The nurse is comparing sitting and standing vital signs for a patient who has been diagnosed with dehydration. The pulse rate has increased by 10 beats/min at 1 minute. The nurse then anticipates the blood pressure to show a(n) _____ mm Hg.

The nurse is aware that the patient who suffered a brain injury with cerebral edema will most likely receive a fluid that is: