Question 1

A) Describe the reticular activating system (RAS) and its function.
B) How does RAS explain extraversion/introversion?

Accepted Answer

A) The reticular activating system is a

Question 2

A) Explain the relationships among sociometer theory,reflected appraisal,and self-esteem.
B) Imagine that you ask someone out on a date and get turned down.Explain how each of these-sociometer,reflected appraisal,self-esteem-would react to this rejection situation.

Accepted Answer

A) Self-esteem is the affective aspect o

Question 3

Psychologists use the term personality mainly to refer to characteristics and behaviors that

Accepted Answer

A)  are relatively stable across time and circumstances. 
B)  show little variability across persons. 
C)  stem from conscious intentions. 
D)  are relatively easy to observe and measure. 
A)  are relatively stable across time and circumstances. 
B)  show little variability across persons. 
C)  stem from conscious intentions. 
D)  are relatively easy to observe and measure.

Question 4

A) Name and describe the three levels of consciousness.
B) Provide an example of the type of information at each level.

Accepted Answer

A) The conscious level of our mental act

Question 5

When Phia's boss tells her that she is lazy and needs to work harder,Phia smiles and nods politely.That night,she screams at her husband,Eric,for burning the steaks.
According to psychodynamic theory,Phia's behavior most likely is a result of the
Defense mechanism of

Accepted Answer

A)  displacement. 
B)  denial. 
C)  sublimation. 
D)  repression. 
A)  displacement. 
B)  denial. 
C)  sublimation. 
D)  repression.

Question 6

Tom was hungry,so he went to a fast-food restaurant.He did not have any money,so when a young girl left her burger unattended,Tom quickly grabbed her burger and left.According
To the psychodynamic theory of personality,his actions were most likely driven by his

Accepted Answer

A)  defense mechanisms. 
B)  id. 
C)  ego. 
D)  superego. 
A)  defense mechanisms. 
B)  id. 
C)  ego. 
D)  superego.

Question 7

Suppose you have an internal locus of control.When you perform poorly in volleyball and your team loses the game,which of the following statements are you most likely to say?

Accepted Answer

A)  "The other team was too good." 
B)  "Luck was not on my side today." 
C)  "I did not practice enough last week." 
D)  "My teammates need to play harder." 
A)  "The other team was too good." 
B)  "Luck was not on my side today." 
C)  "I did not practice enough last week." 
D)  "My teammates need to play harder."

Question 8

Jared is an identical twin adopted into a family that is different from his biological family. When Jared is an adult,his personality should most resemble his

Accepted Answer

A)  adopted siblings. 
B)  adopted parents. 
C)  biological parents. 
D)  identical twin. 
A)  adopted siblings. 
B)  adopted parents. 
C)  biological parents. 
D)  identical twin.

Question 9

James prefers to study in a quiet library study room,whereas his friend Becky prefers to study in a lively coffee shop with lots of people and loud music playing.James finds the coffee
Shop overwhelming and he can't focus there.According to biological explanations of
Personality,James is most likely an ________ with an overaroused ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  introvert;reticular activating system 
B)  extrovert;reticular activating system 
C)  introvert;frontal lobe 
D)  extrovert;frontal lobe 
A)  introvert;reticular activating system 
B)  extrovert;reticular activating system 
C)  introvert;frontal lobe 
D)  extrovert;frontal lobe

Question 10

Freud thought that anxiety resulted from conflict between ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the id;the superego 
B)  repression;rationalization 
C)  the preconscious;the unconscious 
D)  the oral stage;the anal stage 
A)  the id;the superego 
B)  repression;rationalization 
C)  the preconscious;the unconscious 
D)  the oral stage;the anal stage

Question 11

How is age related to stability of personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children's personalities are more stable than older adults. 
B)  There is some stability at any age,but particularly after age 50. 
C)  Age and personality stability are unrelated. 
D)  Personality traits are equally stable at any age range. 
A)  Children's personalities are more stable than older adults. 
B)  There is some stability at any age,but particularly after age 50. 
C)  Age and personality stability are unrelated. 
D)  Personality traits are equally stable at any age range.

Question 12

Ria's parents have raised her to follow group norms,obey authority,and to not challenge or complain about her status in society.Ria is probably being raised as a member of a(n)
________ culture.

Accepted Answer

A)  individualistic 
B)  independent 
C)  collectivist 
D)  cohesive 
A)  individualistic 
B)  independent 
C)  collectivist 
D)  cohesive

Question 13

Sara and Jen,who compete together on a trivia team,lost their latest competition.After the competition,Sara's parents express their disappointment by walking outside and not
Speaking to her during the car ride home,whereas Jen's parents hug her,tell her they
Love her,and say that she can work harder next time.Sara may develop her personality
Based on ________,while Jen may develop her personality based on ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditional positive regard;conditions of worth 
B)  defense mechanisms;self-actualization 
C)  conditions of worth;unconditional positive regard 
D)  self-actualization;defense mechanisms 
A)  unconditional positive regard;conditions of worth 
B)  defense mechanisms;self-actualization 
C)  conditions of worth;unconditional positive regard 
D)  self-actualization;defense mechanisms

Question 14

The Rorschach inkblot test is an example of a(n) ________ measure of personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-report 
B)  subjective 
C)  projective 
D)  observational 
A)  self-report 
B)  subjective 
C)  projective 
D)  observational

Question 15

Maria's psychologist wants to assess her personality.To do so,he has her wear a device that allows him to unobtrusively track her interactions throughout the day.The psychologist
Is using a(n) ________ to measure Maria's personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  projective test 
B)  observational method 
C)  self-report 
D)  electronically activated record 
A)  projective test 
B)  observational method 
C)  self-report 
D)  electronically activated record

Question 16

A trait that is determined largely by biological processes is a

Accepted Answer

A)  basic tendency. 
B)  characteristic adaptation. 
C)  temperament. 
D)  working self-concept. 
A)  basic tendency. 
B)  characteristic adaptation. 
C)  temperament. 
D)  working self-concept.

Question 17

John thinks it is the environment that he is in and not his personality traits that influences his behaviors.John believes in a psychological idea known as

Accepted Answer

A)  locus of control. 
B)  situationism. 
C)  interactionism. 
D)  reciprocal determinism. 
A)  locus of control. 
B)  situationism. 
C)  interactionism. 
D)  reciprocal determinism.

Question 18

A) Describe the better-than-average effect.
B) Name at least one area of life in which people tend to show the better-than-average effect (according to research).
C) Give a specific real-world example of this effect.

Accepted Answer

A) The better-than-average effect is the

Question 19

Blaine,who plays high school football,considers himself to be both athletic and shy.When he attends a pep rally for the football team,he is more likely to view himself as athletic because
His immediate experience and environment make that the most relevant self-description.
Blaine's view of himself as athletic at the pep rally is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a sociometer. 
B)  self-esteem. 
C)  a self-schema. 
D)  a working self-concept. 
A)  a sociometer. 
B)  self-esteem. 
C)  a self-schema. 
D)  a working self-concept.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of temperament?

Accepted Answer

A)  activity level 
B)  sociability 
C)  emotionality 
D)  agreeableness 
A)  activity level 
B)  sociability 
C)  emotionality 
D)  agreeableness

A) Describe the reticular activating system (RAS) and its function. B) How does RAS explain extraversion/introversion?

A) Explain the relationships among sociometer theory,reflected appraisal,and self-esteem. B) Imagine that you ask someone out on a date and get turned down.Explain how each of these-sociometer,reflected appraisal,self-esteem-would react to this rejection situation.

Psychologists use the term personality mainly to refer to characteristics and behaviors that

A) Name and describe the three levels of consciousness. B) Provide an example of the type of information at each level.

When Phia's boss tells her that she is lazy and needs to work harder,Phia smiles and nods politely.That night,she screams at her husband,Eric,for burning the steaks. According to psychodynamic theory,Phia's behavior most likely is a result of the Defense mechanism of

Tom was hungry,so he went to a fast-food restaurant.He did not have any money,so when a young girl left her burger unattended,Tom quickly grabbed her burger and left.According To the psychodynamic theory of personality,his actions were most likely driven by his

Suppose you have an internal locus of control.When you perform poorly in volleyball and your team loses the game,which of the following statements are you most likely to say?

Jared is an identical twin adopted into a family that is different from his biological family. When Jared is an adult,his personality should most resemble his

Freud thought that anxiety resulted from conflict between and .

How is age related to stability of personality?

Ria's parents have raised her to follow group norms,obey authority,and to not challenge or complain about her status in society.Ria is probably being raised as a member of a(n) ________ culture.

The Rorschach inkblot test is an example of a(n) ________ measure of personality.

Maria's psychologist wants to assess her personality.To do so,he has her wear a device that allows him to unobtrusively track her interactions throughout the day.The psychologist Is using a(n) ________ to measure Maria's personality.

A trait that is determined largely by biological processes is a

John thinks it is the environment that he is in and not his personality traits that influences his behaviors.John believes in a psychological idea known as

A) Describe the better-than-average effect. B) Name at least one area of life in which people tend to show the better-than-average effect (according to research). C) Give a specific real-world example of this effect.

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of temperament?

Introducing the World of Psychology

The Role of Biology in Psychology

Consciousness

Development Across the Life Span

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Sex, gender, and Sexuality

Health and Well-Being

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Psychological Treatments

Filters

Exam 13: Self and Personality

A) Describe the reticular activating system (RAS) and its function. B) How does RAS explain extraversion/introversion?

A) Explain the relationships among sociometer theory,reflected appraisal,and self-esteem. B) Imagine that you ask someone out on a date and get turned down.Explain how each of these-sociometer,reflected appraisal,self-esteem-would react to this rejection situation.

Psychologists use the term personality mainly to refer to characteristics and behaviors that

A) Name and describe the three levels of consciousness. B) Provide an example of the type of information at each level.

When Phia's boss tells her that she is lazy and needs to work harder,Phia smiles and nods politely.That night,she screams at her husband,Eric,for burning the steaks. According to psychodynamic theory,Phia's behavior most likely is a result of the Defense mechanism of

Tom was hungry,so he went to a fast-food restaurant.He did not have any money,so when a young girl left her burger unattended,Tom quickly grabbed her burger and left.According To the psychodynamic theory of personality,his actions were most likely driven by his

Suppose you have an internal locus of control.When you perform poorly in volleyball and your team loses the game,which of the following statements are you most likely to say?

Jared is an identical twin adopted into a family that is different from his biological family. When Jared is an adult,his personality should most resemble his

Freud thought that anxiety resulted from conflict between ________ and ________.

How is age related to stability of personality?

Ria's parents have raised her to follow group norms,obey authority,and to not challenge or complain about her status in society.Ria is probably being raised as a member of a(n) ________ culture.

The Rorschach inkblot test is an example of a(n) ________ measure of personality.

Maria's psychologist wants to assess her personality.To do so,he has her wear a device that allows him to unobtrusively track her interactions throughout the day.The psychologist Is using a(n) ________ to measure Maria's personality.

A trait that is determined largely by biological processes is a

John thinks it is the environment that he is in and not his personality traits that influences his behaviors.John believes in a psychological idea known as

A) Describe the better-than-average effect. B) Name at least one area of life in which people tend to show the better-than-average effect (according to research). C) Give a specific real-world example of this effect.

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of temperament?

Introducing the World of Psychology

The Role of Biology in Psychology

Consciousness

Development Across the Life Span

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Sex, gender, and Sexuality

Health and Well-Being

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Psychological Treatments

Filters

Freud thought that anxiety resulted from conflict between and .