Chat with AIExam 13: Self and Personality
Maritza's parents want her to become a doctor,but she would like to be an artist.Which approach to personality would suggest that Maritza's personal growth is associated with
Following her dream of becoming an artist?
(81) 
VerifiedD
Little Elijah is full of energy and never sits still.He loves playing with his friends and going on adventures.Luckily,he rarely gets frightened and never cries when he is exploring with friends.
A) Describe the three aspects of temperament.
B) Decide whether Elijah is high or low on each aspect of temperament.
C) What are some long-term implications of temperament?
(81) VerifiedA) The three aspects of temperament are (1) activity level: the overall amount of energy and behavior we exhibit;(2) emotionality: the intensity of emotional reactions;and (3) sociability: the general tendency to affiliate with others.
B) Elijah would be considered high in activity level,low on emotionality,and high on sociability.
C) Early temperament appears to influence behavior and personality significantly throughout a person's development.Studies show that those who were classified as well adjusted at three years old were less likely at age 21 to abuse alcohol or show antisocial disorders than children whose temperaments were classified as undercontrolled at age three.Additionally,inhibited children were much more likely,as adults,to be anxious,become depressed,be unemployed,have less social support,and attempt suicide.Research has also shown that children as young as six weeks old who show behavior and reactions such as being easily startled are likely to be shy.
A) Describe the humanistic approach to personality.
B) How can parents use this approach with their children?
(61) VerifiedA) The humanistic approach to personality is based on our tendency to fulfill our potential through personal growth.It emphasizes the unique goodness in a person,his or her own growth,and self-understanding,which all influence personality through self-actualization.
B) Parents can use this approach in how they show affection for their children and by influencing personality development.Rogers believed that most parents provide love and support that is conditional.That is,the parents love their children on the condition that the children do what the parents want them to do and live up to the parents' standards.This condition creates a discrepancy between a child's self and how his or her parents evaluate him or her.In turn,this discrepancy leads to development of a personality based on conditions of worth.Parents who do not approve of their children's behavior may withhold their love.As a result,children quickly abandon their true feelings,dreams,and desires.They accept only those parts of themselves that elicit parental love and support.Thus,people lose touch with their true selves in their pursuit of getting approval from others.To prevent conditions of worth,Rogers encouraged parents to accept and prize their children no matter how the children behave or how close they come to meeting parents' expectations.This approach allows for consistency between a child's self and how his or her parents evaluate him or her.Such consistency leads to development of a personality based on unconditional positive regard.
Dhara was recently in a car accident.Her doctor told her that she has brain damage only to her frontal lobe.What is one way this damage might affect Dhara?
(78) Which of the following is NOT a finding from research on the better-than-average effect?
(81) After performing poorly at the track meet,Troy said that he just does not have as much natural athletic ability as the other runner.Troy explains his performances at the track meet
Based on a
(86) According to research on gender differences in personality,women tend to be ________ than men.
(73) Children raised with an emphasis on self-expression and diversity are more likely to be from a(n) ________ culture.
(80) Katie is very particular.She likes her apartment to be overly organized and things have to be done correctly or she gets upset.According to psychodynamic theory,Katie is
Most likely fixated at the ________ phase of psychosexual development.
(84) Your teacher asks you what you did on your last vacation.After thinking about it for a moment,you tell her that last summer you went to Europe.According to Freud,in order to
Answer your teacher's question,you had to pull information from your ________ level of
Awareness.
(68) Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the finding that age-related changes in personality are similar across cultures?
(71) Regardless of the environment she is in,six-year-old Trisha always seems to be moving. She never sits still for long and prefers to run around instead of watching TV or playing
On the computer.In what aspect of temperament does Trisha seems to be high?
(76) Silas thinks that a personality is made up of characteristics that can be described on a dimension from low to high.Silas most likely agrees with the ________ approach
To personality.
(73) The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is an example of a(n) ________ measure of personality.
(67) Samantha fills out a questionnaire to assess her personality where she answers questions about her own behaviors and characteristics.Samantha is using a(n) ________ measure
Of personality.
(81) Sam does not try hard at work,because he believes that promotions are completely random and that he has no control over whether he will get promoted.According to expectancy
Theory,Sam most likely has a(n) ________ locus of control.
(83) Josh is not worried that his newborn baby seems easily frightened.He tells his wife, "Our baby's personality will develop later,as a pattern of learned thinking." Josh believes in
The ________ approach to personality.
(75) Whenever they have recess,Marin ignores the other kids in his class.He would rather play with toys by himself.Researchers would say that Marin is low on the ________ aspect
Of temperament.
(72) Ahmed has high self-esteem and is happy with his life.Based on this information,which of the following predictions can you make?
(75) 
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