Question 1

Earth's inner core was discovered by seismologist

Accepted Answer

A) Beno Gutenberg. 
B) Andrija Mohorovičić. 
C) Hugo Benioff. 
D) Inge Lehmann. 
A) Beno Gutenberg. 
B) Andrija Mohorovičić. 
C) Hugo Benioff. 
D) Inge Lehmann.

Question 2

Let's assume that the inner core was liquid and the outer core was solid.What would one expect to see in terms of P and S wave shadows in terms of distance from an earthquake focus?

Accepted Answer

A) P-wave and S-wave shadows would be the same size. 
B) S-wave shadow would start where the P-wave shadow ends. 
C) P-wave shadow would start where the S-wave shadow ends. 
D) There would only be a P-wave shadow. 
A) P-wave and S-wave shadows would be the same size. 
B) S-wave shadow would start where the P-wave shadow ends. 
C) P-wave shadow would start where the S-wave shadow ends. 
D) There would only be a P-wave shadow.

Question 3

The P wave shadow extends from roughly ___ to roughly ____ distance from an earthquake's focus.

Accepted Answer

A) 60°; 100° 
B) 100°; 140° 
C) 140°; 180° 
D) 180°; 220° 
A) 60°; 100° 
B) 100°; 140° 
C) 140°; 180° 
D) 180°; 220°

Question 4

The S-wave shadow zone extends from ____ to 180° angular distance from the earthquake focus.

Accepted Answer

A) 45° 
B) 75° 
C) 105° 
D) 145° 
A) 45° 
B) 75° 
C) 105° 
D) 145°

Question 5

According to a recent hypothesis,mantle plumes that feed hot spots originate from

Accepted Answer

A) the asthenosphere-lithosphere boundary. 
B) the core-mantle boundary. 
C) the crust-mantle boundary. 
D) the inner core-outer core boundary. 
A) the asthenosphere-lithosphere boundary. 
B) the core-mantle boundary. 
C) the crust-mantle boundary. 
D) the inner core-outer core boundary.

Question 6

The P wave shadow extends from 105° to roughly __________distance from an earthquake's focus.

Accepted Answer

A) 120° 
B) 130° 
C) 140° 
D) 160° 
A) 120° 
B) 130° 
C) 140° 
D) 160°

Question 7

Above what temperature do materials lose their permanent magnetism?

Accepted Answer

A) 100°C 
B) 500°C 
C) 1000°C 
D) 5000°C 
A) 100°C 
B) 500°C 
C) 1000°C 
D) 5000°C

Question 8

Where,inside Earth,is the largest change in material density?

Accepted Answer

A) base of the crust 
B) base of the lithosphere 
C) core-mantle boundary 
D) outer core-inner core boundary 
A) base of the crust 
B) base of the lithosphere 
C) core-mantle boundary 
D) outer core-inner core boundary

Question 9

What process generates Earth's magnetic field?

Accepted Answer

A) Earth's rotation 
B) the magnetic stripes on the seafloor when it moves 
C) flow in the outer core 
D) movement of the continents that drag the magnetic poles with it 
A) Earth's rotation 
B) the magnetic stripes on the seafloor when it moves 
C) flow in the outer core 
D) movement of the continents that drag the magnetic poles with it

Question 10

Calculations suggest that the inner core

Accepted Answer

A) spins at a faster rate than the rest of Earth. 
B) spins in the opposite direction of the rest of Earth. 
C) spins at the same rate as Earth. 
D) does not spin at all. 
A) spins at a faster rate than the rest of Earth. 
B) spins in the opposite direction of the rest of Earth. 
C) spins at the same rate as Earth. 
D) does not spin at all.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about Earth's core is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The inner core and the outer core are both liquid. 
B) The inner core and the outer core are both solid. 
C) The inner core is liquid and the outer core is solid. 
D) The inner core is solid and the outer core is liquid. 
A) The inner core and the outer core are both liquid. 
B) The inner core and the outer core are both solid. 
C) The inner core is liquid and the outer core is solid. 
D) The inner core is solid and the outer core is liquid.

Question 12

According to the principle of isostasy

Accepted Answer

A) oceanic crust should stand higher than continental crust. 
B) continental crust should be thinner than oceanic crust. 
C) crustal thickness is directly related to surface elevation. 
D) elevation is independent of crust type. 
A) oceanic crust should stand higher than continental crust. 
B) continental crust should be thinner than oceanic crust. 
C) crustal thickness is directly related to surface elevation. 
D) elevation is independent of crust type.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A) P waves travel slower in the crust than in the mantle. 
B) The crust is denser than the mantle. 
C) The crust-mantle boundary is called the Mohorovičić discontinuity. 
D) The oceanic crust consists of basalt and gabbro. 
A) P waves travel slower in the crust than in the mantle. 
B) The crust is denser than the mantle. 
C) The crust-mantle boundary is called the Mohorovičić discontinuity. 
D) The oceanic crust consists of basalt and gabbro.

Question 14

How thick is average lithosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) 25 km 
B) 100 km 
C) 250 km 
D) 1000 km 
A) 25 km 
B) 100 km 
C) 250 km 
D) 1000 km

Question 15

A P wave that travels from the earthquake focus through the mantle,outer core,back through the mantle,and to Earth's surface is labeled a=

Accepted Answer

A) PcP wave. 
B) PKP wave. 
C) PKS wave. 
D) PcS wave. 
A) PcP wave. 
B) PKP wave. 
C) PKS wave. 
D) PcS wave.

Question 16

After melting of a continental ice cap,the surface of the continent will tend to

Accepted Answer

A) rise. 
B) sink. 
C) rise or sink depending on the thickness of the ice cap. 
D) remain the same. 
A) rise. 
B) sink. 
C) rise or sink depending on the thickness of the ice cap. 
D) remain the same.

Question 17

Evidence for the internal structure of Earth is mostly based on

Accepted Answer

A) heat flow measurements. 
B) waves generated by earthquakes. 
C) existence of a magnetic field. 
D) deep mines and drilling. 
A) heat flow measurements. 
B) waves generated by earthquakes. 
C) existence of a magnetic field. 
D) deep mines and drilling.

Question 18

Geologists have formulated a simple mathematical equation that can predict the depth of oceans.According to their equation,on what does the water depth primarily depend?

Accepted Answer

A) distance from shore 
B) age of the seafloor 
C) distance from the nearest mid-ocean ridge 
D) none of the above 
A) distance from shore 
B) age of the seafloor 
C) distance from the nearest mid-ocean ridge 
D) none of the above

Question 19

In a deep mine,temperatures increase at the rate of approximately ______ per kilometer.

Accepted Answer

A) 2.5°C 
B) 25°C 
C) 250°C 
D) 2500°C 
A) 2.5°C 
B) 25°C 
C) 250°C 
D) 2500°C

Question 20

Which of the following Earth systems powers Earth's magnetic field?

Accepted Answer

A) the climate system 
B) the plate tectonic system 
C) the geodynamo system 
D) all of the above 
A) the climate system 
B) the plate tectonic system 
C) the geodynamo system 
D) all of the above

Exam 14: Exploring Earths Interior

Earth's inner core was discovered by seismologist

Let's assume that the inner core was liquid and the outer core was solid.What would one expect to see in terms of P and S wave shadows in terms of distance from an earthquake focus?

The P wave shadow extends from roughly ___ to roughly ____ distance from an earthquake's focus.

The S-wave shadow zone extends from ____ to 180° angular distance from the earthquake focus.

According to a recent hypothesis,mantle plumes that feed hot spots originate from

The P wave shadow extends from 105° to roughly __________distance from an earthquake's focus.

Above what temperature do materials lose their permanent magnetism?

Where,inside Earth,is the largest change in material density?

What process generates Earth's magnetic field?

Calculations suggest that the inner core

Which of the following statements about Earth's core is true?

According to the principle of isostasy

Which of the following statements is false?

How thick is average lithosphere?

A P wave that travels from the earthquake focus through the mantle,outer core,back through the mantle,and to Earth's surface is labeled a=

After melting of a continental ice cap,the surface of the continent will tend to

Evidence for the internal structure of Earth is mostly based on

Geologists have formulated a simple mathematical equation that can predict the depth of oceans.According to their equation,on what does the water depth primarily depend?

In a deep mine,temperatures increase at the rate of approximately ______ per kilometer.

Which of the following Earth systems powers Earth's magnetic field?

The Earth System

Plate Tectonics: The Unifying Theory

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks

Igneous Rocks: Solids From Melts

Sedimentation: Rocks Formed by Surface Processes

Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure

Deformation: Modification of Rocks by Folding and Fracturing

Clocks in Rocks: Timing the Geologic Period

Early History of the Terrestrial Planets

History of the Continents

Geobiology: Life Interacts With Earth

Volcanoes

Earthquakes

The Climate System

Weathering,erosion,and Mass Wasting: Interactions Between the Climate and Plate Tectonic Systems

The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater

Stream Transport: From Mountains to Oceans

Winds and Deserts

Coastlines and Ocean Basins

Glaciers: the Work of Ice

Landscapes: Tectonic and Climate Interaction

The Human Impact of Earths Environment

Filters

The P wave shadow extends from roughly _ to roughly __ distance from an earthquake's focus.