Question 1

The topography of the Valley and Ridge province in the Appalachian Mountains is controlled by

Accepted Answer

A) undeformed flat-lying sedimentary rocks. 
B) sedimentary rocks deformed by anticlines and synclines. 
C) sedimentary rocks cut by normal faults. 
D) sedimentary rocks cut by reverse faults. 
A) undeformed flat-lying sedimentary rocks. 
B) sedimentary rocks deformed by anticlines and synclines. 
C) sedimentary rocks cut by normal faults. 
D) sedimentary rocks cut by reverse faults. B

Question 2

Arrange these three landforms in terms of increasing tilt of their surface layer.

Accepted Answer

A) cuesta,mesa,hogback 
B) mesa,hogback,cuesta 
C) hogback,cuesta,mesa 
D) mesa,cuesta,hogback 
A) cuesta,mesa,hogback 
B) mesa,hogback,cuesta 
C) hogback,cuesta,mesa 
D) mesa,cuesta,hogback D

Question 3

Landforms are the product of

Accepted Answer

A) erosion. 
B) sedimentation. 
C) tectonics. 
D) erosion,sedimentation,and tectonics. 
A) erosion. 
B) sedimentation. 
C) tectonics. 
D) erosion,sedimentation,and tectonics. D

Question 4

Which of the following regions has the lowest relief?

Accepted Answer

A) the Appalachian Mountains 
B) the midwestern plains 
C) the Rocky Mountains 
D) All of the above have approximately the same relief. 
A) the Appalachian Mountains 
B) the midwestern plains 
C) the Rocky Mountains 
D) All of the above have approximately the same relief.

Question 5

The difference in elevation measured from the highest tributary to the lowest channel is called ___________ relief.

Accepted Answer

A) hillslope 
B) trunk channel 
C) tributary 
D) mountain 
A) hillslope 
B) trunk channel 
C) tributary 
D) mountain

Question 6

Which of the following sequences is in the order of areal extent (from left to right)?

Accepted Answer

A) mesa,plateau,tableland 
B) tableland,mesa,plateau 
C) plateau,mesa,tableland 
D) mesa,tableland,plateau 
A) mesa,plateau,tableland 
B) tableland,mesa,plateau 
C) plateau,mesa,tableland 
D) mesa,tableland,plateau

Question 7

Which of the following processes is not a principal process by which bedrock is eroded?

Accepted Answer

A) abrasion 
B) current drag force 
C) dissolution 
D) glacial erosion 
A) abrasion 
B) current drag force 
C) dissolution 
D) glacial erosion

Question 8

Cuestas and hogbacks are formed by erosion of

Accepted Answer

A) flat-lying basaltic lava flows. 
B) stratovolcanoes. 
C) granites and diorites. 
D) tilted sedimentary rocks. 
A) flat-lying basaltic lava flows. 
B) stratovolcanoes. 
C) granites and diorites. 
D) tilted sedimentary rocks.

Question 9

The more closely spaced the contour lines on a map are,the

Accepted Answer

A) higher the elevation. 
B) greater the relief. 
C) steeper the slope. 
D) larger the area covered. 
A) higher the elevation. 
B) greater the relief. 
C) steeper the slope. 
D) larger the area covered.

Question 10

Which of the following flat areas that rise above their surrounding is the largest in area?

Accepted Answer

A) tablelands 
B) mesa 
C) guyot 
D) plateau 
A) tablelands 
B) mesa 
C) guyot 
D) plateau

Question 11

How rapid are tectonic uplift rates in active mountain ranges?

Accepted Answer

A) approximately 1 to 10 millimeters per year 
B) approximately 1 to 10 centimeters per year 
C) approximately 10 to 100 centimeters per year 
D) approximately 1 to 10 meters per year 
A) approximately 1 to 10 millimeters per year 
B) approximately 1 to 10 centimeters per year 
C) approximately 10 to 100 centimeters per year 
D) approximately 1 to 10 meters per year

Question 12

The characteristic landscapes resulting from erosion and sedimentation are called

Accepted Answer

A) bedding. 
B) contours. 
C) landforms. 
D) relief. 
A) bedding. 
B) contours. 
C) landforms. 
D) relief.

Question 13

The steepest slopes are generally found in

Accepted Answer

A) mountains with low elevations and low relief. 
B) mountains with high elevations and low relief. 
C) mountains with low elevations and high relief. 
D) mountains with high elevations and high relief. 
A) mountains with low elevations and low relief. 
B) mountains with high elevations and low relief. 
C) mountains with low elevations and high relief. 
D) mountains with high elevations and high relief.

Question 14

Which of the following sciences is the study of landscapes and their evolution?

Accepted Answer

A) geochronology 
B) geology 
C) geomorphology 
D) topology 
A) geochronology 
B) geology 
C) geomorphology 
D) topology

Question 15

Which of the following would lead to the formation of badland?

Accepted Answer

A) rapid erosion of metamorphic rocks 
B) slow erosion of metamorphic rocks 
C) rapid erosion of sedimentary rocks 
D) slow erosion of sedimentary rocks 
A) rapid erosion of metamorphic rocks 
B) slow erosion of metamorphic rocks 
C) rapid erosion of sedimentary rocks 
D) slow erosion of sedimentary rocks

Question 16

What was John Hack's breakthrough in terms of landscape evolution?

Accepted Answer

A) He discovered that there was a limit to the height of mountains. 
B) He discovered that tectonic uplift is episodic. 
C) He discovered the concept of isostacy. 
D) He discovered that uplift and erosion are simultaneous events. 
A) He discovered that there was a limit to the height of mountains. 
B) He discovered that tectonic uplift is episodic. 
C) He discovered the concept of isostacy. 
D) He discovered that uplift and erosion are simultaneous events.

Question 17

Who proposed the theory that as landscapes develop they will eventually reach a dynamic equilibrium,such that uplift and erosion are balanced?

Accepted Answer

A) William Morris Davis 
B) Walther Penck 
C) John Hack 
D) the theorist is unknown 
A) William Morris Davis 
B) Walther Penck 
C) John Hack 
D) the theorist is unknown

Question 18

Scientists who suggest that global cooling promoted the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau use the following argument:

Accepted Answer

A) cooling promoted a drier climate,which allowed for increased deposition on the plateau. 
B) increased erosion rates brought on by global cooling caused uplift of the plateau because of isostasy. 
C) global cooling is related to a slowing down of collision rates,which caused the uplift of the plateau to slow down. 
D) global cooling produced glaciers on the plateau,which raised the surface elevation. 
A) cooling promoted a drier climate,which allowed for increased deposition on the plateau. 
B) increased erosion rates brought on by global cooling caused uplift of the plateau because of isostasy. 
C) global cooling is related to a slowing down of collision rates,which caused the uplift of the plateau to slow down. 
D) global cooling produced glaciers on the plateau,which raised the surface elevation.

Question 19

According to Davis's cycle of erosion model for landscape evolution,mountains were formed during the ________ cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) entire 
B) start of the 
C) middle of the 
D) end of the 
A) entire 
B) start of the 
C) middle of the 
D) end of the

Question 20

Which of the following methods would be most suitable to date the surface of an olivine-bearing lava flow?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon-14 
B) teprochronology 
C) dendrochronology 
D) cosmogenic helium 
A) carbon-14 
B) teprochronology 
C) dendrochronology 
D) cosmogenic helium

Exam 22: Landscapes: Tectonic and Climate Interaction

The topography of the Valley and Ridge province in the Appalachian Mountains is controlled by

Arrange these three landforms in terms of increasing tilt of their surface layer.

Landforms are the product of

Which of the following regions has the lowest relief?

The difference in elevation measured from the highest tributary to the lowest channel is called ___________ relief.

Which of the following sequences is in the order of areal extent (from left to right)?

Which of the following processes is not a principal process by which bedrock is eroded?

Cuestas and hogbacks are formed by erosion of

The more closely spaced the contour lines on a map are,the

Which of the following flat areas that rise above their surrounding is the largest in area?

How rapid are tectonic uplift rates in active mountain ranges?

The characteristic landscapes resulting from erosion and sedimentation are called

The steepest slopes are generally found in

Which of the following sciences is the study of landscapes and their evolution?

Which of the following would lead to the formation of badland?

What was John Hack's breakthrough in terms of landscape evolution?

Who proposed the theory that as landscapes develop they will eventually reach a dynamic equilibrium,such that uplift and erosion are balanced?

Scientists who suggest that global cooling promoted the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau use the following argument:

According to Davis's cycle of erosion model for landscape evolution,mountains were formed during the ________ cycle.

Which of the following methods would be most suitable to date the surface of an olivine-bearing lava flow?

The Earth System

Plate Tectonics: The Unifying Theory

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks

Igneous Rocks: Solids From Melts

Sedimentation: Rocks Formed by Surface Processes

Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure

Deformation: Modification of Rocks by Folding and Fracturing

Clocks in Rocks: Timing the Geologic Period

Early History of the Terrestrial Planets

History of the Continents

Geobiology: Life Interacts With Earth

Volcanoes

Earthquakes

Exploring Earths Interior

The Climate System

Weathering,erosion,and Mass Wasting: Interactions Between the Climate and Plate Tectonic Systems

The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater

Stream Transport: From Mountains to Oceans

Winds and Deserts

Coastlines and Ocean Basins

Glaciers: the Work of Ice

The Human Impact of Earths Environment

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