Question 1

Water that is suitable for drinking is also called ________ water.

Accepted Answer

A) sanitary 
B) fresh 
C) potable 
D) meteoric 
A) sanitary 
B) fresh 
C) potable 
D) meteoric C

Question 2

Which of the following regions has the highest annual surface runoff?

Accepted Answer

A) central Texas 
B) southern Florida 
C) northern Michigan 
D) western Washington 
A) central Texas 
B) southern Florida 
C) northern Michigan 
D) western Washington D

Question 3

Darcy's law states that the volume of water flowing through a cross-sectional area per time is equal to

Accepted Answer

A) porosity × hydraulic conductivity. 
B) porosity × water table slope. 
C) hydraulic conductivity × water table slope. 
D) porosity × hydraulic conductivity × water table slope. 
A) porosity × hydraulic conductivity. 
B) porosity × water table slope. 
C) hydraulic conductivity × water table slope. 
D) porosity × hydraulic conductivity × water table slope. C

Question 4

________ is the infiltration of water into the saturated zone,and _______ is the exit of groundwater to the surface.

Accepted Answer

A) Recharge; discharge 
B) Permeation; evaporation 
C) Seepage; outflow 
D) Hydration; outflux 
A) Recharge; discharge 
B) Permeation; evaporation 
C) Seepage; outflow 
D) Hydration; outflux

Question 5

Wetlands are valuable because they

Accepted Answer

A) store little water. 
B) are great for land development. 
C) can be drained easily. 
D) help control flooding. 
A) store little water. 
B) are great for land development. 
C) can be drained easily. 
D) help control flooding.

Question 6

What is the difference between the saturated and unsaturated zones of groundwater?

Accepted Answer

A) The saturated zone has a higher porosity than the unsaturated zone. 
B) The saturated zone has a lower porosity than the unsaturated zone. 
C) The pore spaces in the saturated zone are full of water; the pore spaces in the unsaturated zone are not full of water. 
D) The pore spaces in the saturated zone are not full of water; the pore spaces in the unsaturated zone are full of water. 
A) The saturated zone has a higher porosity than the unsaturated zone. 
B) The saturated zone has a lower porosity than the unsaturated zone. 
C) The pore spaces in the saturated zone are full of water; the pore spaces in the unsaturated zone are not full of water. 
D) The pore spaces in the saturated zone are not full of water; the pore spaces in the unsaturated zone are full of water.

Question 7

Which of the following has the highest permeability?

Accepted Answer

A) gravel 
B) sandstone 
C) shale 
D) silt 
A) gravel 
B) sandstone 
C) shale 
D) silt

Question 8

Which of the following reservoirs contains the least water?

Accepted Answer

A) the atmosphere 
B) the biosphere 
C) groundwater 
D) lakes and rivers 
A) the atmosphere 
B) the biosphere 
C) groundwater 
D) lakes and rivers

Question 9

Groundwater represents how much of the world's fresh water?

Accepted Answer

A) approximately 1% 
B) approximately 12% 
C) approximately 29% 
D) approximately 35% 
A) approximately 1% 
B) approximately 12% 
C) approximately 29% 
D) approximately 35%

Question 10

How old is the oldest water discovered on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A) 1,500 years 
B) 1.5 million years 
C) 250 million years 
D) 1.5 billion years 
A) 1,500 years 
B) 1.5 million years 
C) 250 million years 
D) 1.5 billion years

Question 11

The world's total water supply is approximately _______ km3.

Accepted Answer

A) 140 million 
B) 1)4 billion 
C) 50 billion 
D) 2)25 million 
A) 140 million 
B) 1)4 billion 
C) 50 billion 
D) 2)25 million

Question 12

The process by which surface water becomes groundwater is called

Accepted Answer

A) discharge. 
B) evaporation. 
C) infiltration. 
D) transpiration. 
A) discharge. 
B) evaporation. 
C) infiltration. 
D) transpiration.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about karst topography is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Karst topography contains sinkholes. 
B) Karst topography forms from freezing and thawing of groundwater. 
C) Karst topography does not have a normal river drainage system. 
D) Karst topography forms in regions where subsurface limestone is dissolved by groundwater. 
A) Karst topography contains sinkholes. 
B) Karst topography forms from freezing and thawing of groundwater. 
C) Karst topography does not have a normal river drainage system. 
D) Karst topography forms in regions where subsurface limestone is dissolved by groundwater.

Question 14

Stalagmites

Accepted Answer

A) form in sandstone fractures. 
B) form in the pore spaces of a limestone. 
C) grow up from the floor of a cave. 
D) hang down from the ceiling of a cave. 
A) form in sandstone fractures. 
B) form in the pore spaces of a limestone. 
C) grow up from the floor of a cave. 
D) hang down from the ceiling of a cave.

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding porosity and permeability is true?

Accepted Answer

A) High porosity rocks generally have high permeability. 
B) High porosity rocks generally have low permeability. 
C) Low porosity rocks generally have high permeability. 
D) Porosity and permeability have identical meanings. 
A) High porosity rocks generally have high permeability. 
B) High porosity rocks generally have low permeability. 
C) Low porosity rocks generally have high permeability. 
D) Porosity and permeability have identical meanings.

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding effluent streams is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Effluent streams recharge groundwater and are characteristic of humid regions. 
B) Effluent streams recharge groundwater and are characteristic of arid regions. 
C) Effluent streams are fed by groundwater and are characteristic of humid regions. 
D) Effluent streams are fed by groundwater and are characteristic of arid regions. 
A) Effluent streams recharge groundwater and are characteristic of humid regions. 
B) Effluent streams recharge groundwater and are characteristic of arid regions. 
C) Effluent streams are fed by groundwater and are characteristic of humid regions. 
D) Effluent streams are fed by groundwater and are characteristic of arid regions.

Question 17

What is the most common source of groundwater pollution?

Accepted Answer

A) chemical spills 
B) fertilizer overuse 
C) septic systems leakage 
D) radioactive waste disposal 
A) chemical spills 
B) fertilizer overuse 
C) septic systems leakage 
D) radioactive waste disposal

Question 18

The mathematical equation that describes the flow of water underground is known as _______ law.

Accepted Answer

A) Murphy's 
B) Darcy's 
C) Henry's 
D) Newton's 
A) Murphy's 
B) Darcy's 
C) Henry's 
D) Newton's

Question 19

Karst topography forms in regions underlain by

Accepted Answer

A) basalt. 
B) limestone. 
C) sandstone. 
D) shale. 
A) basalt. 
B) limestone. 
C) sandstone. 
D) shale.

Question 20

The hydraulic gradient is the

Accepted Answer

A) ratio between the porosity and permeability of an aquifer. 
B) ratio between the permeability and elevation difference in an aquifer. 
C) ratio between the elevation difference and the flow distance in an aquifer. 
D) ratio between the influx and outflow of water in an aquifer. 
A) ratio between the porosity and permeability of an aquifer. 
B) ratio between the permeability and elevation difference in an aquifer. 
C) ratio between the elevation difference and the flow distance in an aquifer. 
D) ratio between the influx and outflow of water in an aquifer.

Exam 17: The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater

Water that is suitable for drinking is also called ________ water.

Which of the following regions has the highest annual surface runoff?

Darcy's law states that the volume of water flowing through a cross-sectional area per time is equal to

________ is the infiltration of water into the saturated zone,and _______ is the exit of groundwater to the surface.

Wetlands are valuable because they

What is the difference between the saturated and unsaturated zones of groundwater?

Which of the following has the highest permeability?

Which of the following reservoirs contains the least water?

Groundwater represents how much of the world's fresh water?

How old is the oldest water discovered on Earth?

The world's total water supply is approximately _______ km3.

The process by which surface water becomes groundwater is called

Which of the following statements about karst topography is false?

Stalagmites

Which of the following statements regarding porosity and permeability is true?

Which of the following statements regarding effluent streams is true?

What is the most common source of groundwater pollution?

The mathematical equation that describes the flow of water underground is known as _______ law.

Karst topography forms in regions underlain by

The hydraulic gradient is the

The Earth System

Plate Tectonics: The Unifying Theory

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks

Igneous Rocks: Solids From Melts

Sedimentation: Rocks Formed by Surface Processes

Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure

Deformation: Modification of Rocks by Folding and Fracturing

Clocks in Rocks: Timing the Geologic Period

Early History of the Terrestrial Planets

History of the Continents

Geobiology: Life Interacts With Earth

Volcanoes

Earthquakes

Exploring Earths Interior

The Climate System

Weathering,erosion,and Mass Wasting: Interactions Between the Climate and Plate Tectonic Systems

Stream Transport: From Mountains to Oceans

Winds and Deserts

Coastlines and Ocean Basins

Glaciers: the Work of Ice

Landscapes: Tectonic and Climate Interaction

The Human Impact of Earths Environment

Filters

__ is the infiltration of water into the saturated zone,and _ is the exit of groundwater to the surface.

The world's total water supply is approximately _______ km³.