Question 1

The elastic rebound theory describes

Accepted Answer

A) how earthquakes bounce off layers. 
B) the elasticity of rocks. 
C) the flexibility of a fault. 
D) how earthquakes recur along an active fault. 
A) how earthquakes bounce off layers. 
B) the elasticity of rocks. 
C) the flexibility of a fault. 
D) how earthquakes recur along an active fault. D

Question 2

Which of the following is typically not a factor used to estimate seismic risk in a given region?

Accepted Answer

A) population density 
B) bedrock type 
C) building design 
D) vegitation 
A) population density 
B) bedrock type 
C) building design 
D) vegitation D

Question 3

How much warning could a "real-time earthquake warning system" provide before destructive seismic waves arrive?

Accepted Answer

A) approximately 1 minute 
B) approximately 1 hour 
C) approximately 1 day 
D) approximately 1 week 
A) approximately 1 minute 
B) approximately 1 hour 
C) approximately 1 day 
D) approximately 1 week A

Question 4

Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Both seismic hazards and seismic risks can be reduced. 
B) Seismic hazards can be reduced,but seismic risks cannot. 
C) Seismic risks can be reduced,but seismic hazards cannot. 
D) Neither seismic hazards nor seismic risks can be reduced. 
A) Both seismic hazards and seismic risks can be reduced. 
B) Seismic hazards can be reduced,but seismic risks cannot. 
C) Seismic risks can be reduced,but seismic hazards cannot. 
D) Neither seismic hazards nor seismic risks can be reduced.

Question 5

A fault line has recurrence interval of 100 years and a long-term slip rate of 5 cm/year.How much does the fault slip when it ruptures?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 cm 
B) 5 m 
C) 100 m 
D) 1000 m 
A) 1 cm 
B) 5 m 
C) 100 m 
D) 1000 m

Question 6

Which of the following statements about stress and strain is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Stress affects all rock types,whereas strain only affects some rock types. 
B) Stress and strain both describe the amount of deformation in a rock. 
C) Stress is the amount of deformation that occurs in a rock,and strain is the amount of force applied to a rock. 
D) Stress is the force that causes rocks to deform or undergo strain. 
A) Stress affects all rock types,whereas strain only affects some rock types. 
B) Stress and strain both describe the amount of deformation in a rock. 
C) Stress is the amount of deformation that occurs in a rock,and strain is the amount of force applied to a rock. 
D) Stress is the force that causes rocks to deform or undergo strain.

Question 7

Earthquakes that originate at depths greater than 100 km are associated with ______ plate boundaries.

Accepted Answer

A) convergent 
B) transform 
C) divergent 
D) convergent,divergent,and transform 
A) convergent 
B) transform 
C) divergent 
D) convergent,divergent,and transform

Question 8

What type of seismic waves are S waves?

Accepted Answer

A) compressional waves 
B) shear waves 
C) surface waves 
D) tsunamis 
A) compressional waves 
B) shear waves 
C) surface waves 
D) tsunamis

Question 9

Assuming that the elastic rebound theory worked consistently for a given fault,one would expect earthquakes to repeat at fixed time intervals along that fault given a

Accepted Answer

A) constant slip rate. 
B) specific rock type. 
C) specific type of fault. 
D) certain fault length. 
A) constant slip rate. 
B) specific rock type. 
C) specific type of fault. 
D) certain fault length.

Question 10

Following a mainshock of magnitude 6 one could expect aftershocks as strong as

Accepted Answer

A) 5) 
B) 6) 
C) 7) 
D) 8) 
A) 5) 
B) 6) 
C) 7) 
D) 8)

Question 11

Which of the following types of seismic waves arrive at a seismograph first?

Accepted Answer

A) P waves 
B) S waves 
C) surface waves 
D) All of these waves arrive at the same time. 
A) P waves 
B) S waves 
C) surface waves 
D) All of these waves arrive at the same time.

Question 12

What type of information do seismographs give about an earthquake?

Accepted Answer

A) the location 
B) the magnitude 
C) the fault mechanism 
D) all of the above 
A) the location 
B) the magnitude 
C) the fault mechanism 
D) all of the above

Question 13

Which of the following types of seismic waves are the slowest?

Accepted Answer

A) P waves 
B) S waves 
C) surface waves 
D) P waves,S waves,and surface waves all travel at the same speed. 
A) P waves 
B) S waves 
C) surface waves 
D) P waves,S waves,and surface waves all travel at the same speed.

Question 14

How many seismograph stations are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four

Question 15

What is the first step in preparing for an impending earthquake according to the Southern California Earthquake Center?

Accepted Answer

A) take cover near a window 
B) create a disaster kit 
C) consult a building inspector 
D) secure loose items 
A) take cover near a window 
B) create a disaster kit 
C) consult a building inspector 
D) secure loose items

Question 16

Shallow earthquakes,less than 20 km deep,are associated with

Accepted Answer

A) convergent plate boundaries. 
B) transform plate boundaries. 
C) divergent plate boundaries. 
D) convergent,transform,and divergent plate boundaries. 
A) convergent plate boundaries. 
B) transform plate boundaries. 
C) divergent plate boundaries. 
D) convergent,transform,and divergent plate boundaries.

Question 17

At what point do we assign a series of earthquakes their categories (i.e.,mainshock,foreshock,or aftershock)?

Accepted Answer

A) during the foreshocks 
B) following the mainshock 
C) following the aftershocks 
D) before the episode 
A) during the foreshocks 
B) following the mainshock 
C) following the aftershocks 
D) before the episode

Question 18

How fast do tsunamis travel across the ocean?

Accepted Answer

A) up to 5 kilometers per hour 
B) up to 60 kilometers per hour 
C) up to 800 kilometers per hour 
D) up to 10,000 kilometers per hour 
A) up to 5 kilometers per hour 
B) up to 60 kilometers per hour 
C) up to 800 kilometers per hour 
D) up to 10,000 kilometers per hour

Question 19

The costliest earthquake this century occurred in

Accepted Answer

A) China. 
B) Chile. 
C) New Zealand. 
D) Japan. 
A) China. 
B) Chile. 
C) New Zealand. 
D) Japan.

Question 20

One of the things seismologists look for in a seismically active area for short-term forecasting is

Accepted Answer

A) the behavior of animals in the vicinity. 
B) changes in the fault motion recorded by GPS stations. 
C) the amount of time since the last major earthquake. 
D) rapid deformation of the ground surface. 
A) the behavior of animals in the vicinity. 
B) changes in the fault motion recorded by GPS stations. 
C) the amount of time since the last major earthquake. 
D) rapid deformation of the ground surface.

Exam 13: Earthquakes

The elastic rebound theory describes

Which of the following is typically not a factor used to estimate seismic risk in a given region?

How much warning could a "real-time earthquake warning system" provide before destructive seismic waves arrive?

Which of the following statements is most accurate?

A fault line has recurrence interval of 100 years and a long-term slip rate of 5 cm/year.How much does the fault slip when it ruptures?

Which of the following statements about stress and strain is true?

Earthquakes that originate at depths greater than 100 km are associated with ______ plate boundaries.

What type of seismic waves are S waves?

Assuming that the elastic rebound theory worked consistently for a given fault,one would expect earthquakes to repeat at fixed time intervals along that fault given a

Following a mainshock of magnitude 6 one could expect aftershocks as strong as

Which of the following types of seismic waves arrive at a seismograph first?

What type of information do seismographs give about an earthquake?

Which of the following types of seismic waves are the slowest?

How many seismograph stations are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?

What is the first step in preparing for an impending earthquake according to the Southern California Earthquake Center?

Shallow earthquakes,less than 20 km deep,are associated with

At what point do we assign a series of earthquakes their categories (i.e.,mainshock,foreshock,or aftershock)?

How fast do tsunamis travel across the ocean?

The costliest earthquake this century occurred in

One of the things seismologists look for in a seismically active area for short-term forecasting is

The Earth System

Plate Tectonics: The Unifying Theory

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks

Igneous Rocks: Solids From Melts

Sedimentation: Rocks Formed by Surface Processes

Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure

Deformation: Modification of Rocks by Folding and Fracturing

Clocks in Rocks: Timing the Geologic Period

Early History of the Terrestrial Planets

History of the Continents

Geobiology: Life Interacts With Earth

Volcanoes

Exploring Earths Interior

The Climate System

Weathering,erosion,and Mass Wasting: Interactions Between the Climate and Plate Tectonic Systems

The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater

Stream Transport: From Mountains to Oceans

Winds and Deserts

Coastlines and Ocean Basins

Glaciers: the Work of Ice

Landscapes: Tectonic and Climate Interaction

The Human Impact of Earths Environment

Filters