Question 1

Geologist James Hutton advanced the principle of

Accepted Answer

A) uniformitarianism. 
B) uniformity. 
C) conformity. 
D) universalism. 
A) uniformitarianism. 
B) uniformity. 
C) conformity. 
D) universalism.

Question 2

How old are the earliest fossil remains?

Accepted Answer

A) approximately 65 million years 
B) approximately 2200 million years 
C) approximately 540 million years 
D) approximately 3500 million years 
A) approximately 65 million years 
B) approximately 2200 million years 
C) approximately 540 million years 
D) approximately 3500 million years

Question 3

The statement "planet within a planet" refers to which part of Earth?

Accepted Answer

A) the crust 
B) the mantle 
C) the core 
D) none of these 
A) the crust 
B) the mantle 
C) the core 
D) none of these

Question 4

The motion of a flowing material in which hot matter rises from the bottom and cool matter sinks from the surface is called

Accepted Answer

A) accretion. 
B) convection. 
C) differentiation. 
D) fusion. 
A) accretion. 
B) convection. 
C) differentiation. 
D) fusion.

Question 5

The plate tectonic system is driven by

Accepted Answer

A) magnetism. 
B) the climate system. 
C) solar heat. 
D) internal heat. 
A) magnetism. 
B) the climate system. 
C) solar heat. 
D) internal heat.

Question 6

The typical depth of ocean basins is

Accepted Answer

A) 1 to 2 km. 
B) 10 to 12 km. 
C) 4 to 5 km. 
D) 8 to 10 km. 
A) 1 to 2 km. 
B) 10 to 12 km. 
C) 4 to 5 km. 
D) 8 to 10 km.

Question 7

Magnetic reversals of Earth's magnetic field are when

Accepted Answer

A) Earth's north and south poles flip. 
B) Earth's magnetic field decreases in intensity. 
C) Earth's magnetic poles wander. 
D) Earth's magnetic field increases in intensity. 
A) Earth's north and south poles flip. 
B) Earth's magnetic field decreases in intensity. 
C) Earth's magnetic poles wander. 
D) Earth's magnetic field increases in intensity.

Question 8

Continental crust is ________ oceanic crust.

Accepted Answer

A) less dense than 
B) the same density as 
C) more dense than 
D) Geoscientists have no idea how dense the continental crust is. 
A) less dense than 
B) the same density as 
C) more dense than 
D) Geoscientists have no idea how dense the continental crust is.

Question 9

Approximately 50% of Earth's crust is made up of which element?

Accepted Answer

A) aluminum 
B) iron 
C) oxygen 
D) silicon 
A) aluminum 
B) iron 
C) oxygen 
D) silicon

Question 10

The average density of continental crust is ________ g/cm3.

Accepted Answer

A) 2.8 
B) 3.4 
C) 3.0 
D) 4.0 
A) 2.8 
B) 3.4 
C) 3.0 
D) 4.0

Question 11

Living organisms have been on Earth for _________ of Earth's history.

Accepted Answer

A) less than 1% 
B) approximately 20% 
C) approximately 50% 
D) approximately 80% 
A) less than 1% 
B) approximately 20% 
C) approximately 50% 
D) approximately 80%

Question 12

A ___________ aims to predict the complex behavior of Earth systems.

Accepted Answer

A) scientific hypothesis 
B) scientific observation 
C) scientific plan 
D) scientific model 
A) scientific hypothesis 
B) scientific observation 
C) scientific plan 
D) scientific model

Question 13

How old are the oldest rocks now found on Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.5 billion years 
B) 4.0 billion years 
C) 2.5 billion years 
D) 4.5 billion years 
A) 0.5 billion years 
B) 4.0 billion years 
C) 2.5 billion years 
D) 4.5 billion years

Question 14

The first evidence of erosion by water in the rock record occurred

Accepted Answer

A) 4000 Ma. 
B) 3500 Ma. 
C) 2500 Ma. 
D) 3800 Ma. 
A) 4000 Ma. 
B) 3500 Ma. 
C) 2500 Ma. 
D) 3800 Ma.

Question 15

Studies that determine the depth of the seafloor would be considered scientific

Accepted Answer

A) fact. 
B) hypothesis. 
C) theory. 
D) observations. 
A) fact. 
B) hypothesis. 
C) theory. 
D) observations.

Question 16

Earth exchanges __________ with the rest of the cosmos.

Accepted Answer

A) energy and mass 
B) mass,but not energy, 
C) energy,but not mass, 
D) neither energy nor mass 
A) energy and mass 
B) mass,but not energy, 
C) energy,but not mass, 
D) neither energy nor mass

Question 17

Earth's climate system involves interactions between the atmosphere and the

Accepted Answer

A) biosphere. 
B) hydrosphere. 
C) lithosphere. 
D) biosphere,hydrosphere,and lithosphere. 
A) biosphere. 
B) hydrosphere. 
C) lithosphere. 
D) biosphere,hydrosphere,and lithosphere.

Question 18

The daily rotation of Earth causes the equatorial regions to _______ and the polar regions to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) bulge outward,flatten 
B) flatten,bulge outward 
C) bulge inward,flatten 
D) flatten,bulge inward 
A) bulge outward,flatten 
B) flatten,bulge outward 
C) bulge inward,flatten 
D) flatten,bulge inward

Question 19

Earth's atmosphere has been oxygen-rich for __________ of Earth's history.

Accepted Answer

A) approximately 25% 
B) approximately 50% 
C) approximately 75% 
D) approximately 99% 
A) approximately 25% 
B) approximately 50% 
C) approximately 75% 
D) approximately 99%

Question 20

Continental crust is ____ than oceanic crust so the oceans cover the oceanic floor rather than the continents.

Accepted Answer

A) is thinner 
B) occupies less surface area 
C) is less dense 
D) is hotter 
A) is thinner 
B) occupies less surface area 
C) is less dense 
D) is hotter

Exam 1: The Earth System

Geologist James Hutton advanced the principle of

How old are the earliest fossil remains?

The statement "planet within a planet" refers to which part of Earth?

The motion of a flowing material in which hot matter rises from the bottom and cool matter sinks from the surface is called

The plate tectonic system is driven by

The typical depth of ocean basins is

Magnetic reversals of Earth's magnetic field are when

Continental crust is ________ oceanic crust.

Approximately 50% of Earth's crust is made up of which element?

The average density of continental crust is ________ g/cm3.

Living organisms have been on Earth for _________ of Earth's history.

A ___________ aims to predict the complex behavior of Earth systems.

How old are the oldest rocks now found on Earth's surface?

The first evidence of erosion by water in the rock record occurred

Studies that determine the depth of the seafloor would be considered scientific

Earth exchanges __________ with the rest of the cosmos.

Earth's climate system involves interactions between the atmosphere and the

The daily rotation of Earth causes the equatorial regions to _______ and the polar regions to ________.

Earth's atmosphere has been oxygen-rich for __________ of Earth's history.

Continental crust is ____ than oceanic crust so the oceans cover the oceanic floor rather than the continents.

Plate Tectonics: The Unifying Theory

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks

Igneous Rocks: Solids From Melts

Sedimentation: Rocks Formed by Surface Processes

Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure

Deformation: Modification of Rocks by Folding and Fracturing

Clocks in Rocks: Timing the Geologic Period

Early History of the Terrestrial Planets

History of the Continents

Geobiology: Life Interacts With Earth

Volcanoes

Earthquakes

Exploring Earths Interior

The Climate System

Weathering,erosion,and Mass Wasting: Interactions Between the Climate and Plate Tectonic Systems

The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater

Stream Transport: From Mountains to Oceans

Winds and Deserts

Coastlines and Ocean Basins

Glaciers: the Work of Ice

Landscapes: Tectonic and Climate Interaction

The Human Impact of Earths Environment

Filters

The average density of continental crust is ________ g/cm³.

The daily rotation of Earth causes the equatorial regions to _ and the polar regions to __.