Question 1

The fine-silt to clay-sized material produced from the grinding action of glaciers is called

Accepted Answer

A) rock salt. 
B) rock flour. 
C) striations. 
D) glacial debris. 
A) rock salt. 
B) rock flour. 
C) striations. 
D) glacial debris.

Question 2

Movement of past glaciers can be determined by looking at

Accepted Answer

A) rock flour. 
B) striations. 
C) outwash deposits. 
D) glacial erratics. 
A) rock flour. 
B) striations. 
C) outwash deposits. 
D) glacial erratics.

Question 3

The age of the last glacial period is estimated by carbon-14 dating of

Accepted Answer

A) logs in the glacial drift. 
B) marine organisms contained in glacial ice. 
C) plant leaves contained in the glacial drift. 
D) wooly mammoths in glacial ice. 
A) logs in the glacial drift. 
B) marine organisms contained in glacial ice. 
C) plant leaves contained in the glacial drift. 
D) wooly mammoths in glacial ice.

Question 4

How thick is permafrost?

Accepted Answer

A) up to 5 meters thick 
B) up to 50 meters thick 
C) up to 500 meters thick 
D) up to 5000 meters thick 
A) up to 5 meters thick 
B) up to 50 meters thick 
C) up to 500 meters thick 
D) up to 5000 meters thick

Question 5

At the equator,at what altitude is the snow line?

Accepted Answer

A) lower than 1000 meters 
B) approximately 2500 meters 
C) approximately 5000 meters 
D) approximately 10,000 meters 
A) lower than 1000 meters 
B) approximately 2500 meters 
C) approximately 5000 meters 
D) approximately 10,000 meters

Question 6

Why are Earth's poles colder than the equator?

Accepted Answer

A) because Earth's poles are farther from the Sun than Earth's equator 
B) because the sun strikes Earth at a lower angle at the poles than at the equator 
C) because there are fewer hours of sunlight at the poles than at the equator 
D) because there is more snow at the poles than at the equator 
A) because Earth's poles are farther from the Sun than Earth's equator 
B) because the sun strikes Earth at a lower angle at the poles than at the equator 
C) because there are fewer hours of sunlight at the poles than at the equator 
D) because there is more snow at the poles than at the equator

Question 7

If the hypothesis that proposes that Earth was entirely covered with ice during late Precambrian time - Snowball Earth - is correct,then what process brought it out of that state?

Accepted Answer

A) the Sun heated up 
B) atmospheric pressures fell allowing the ice to sublime 
C) heat conduction through the oceanic lithosphere melted the ice 
D) volcanic eruptions heated the atmosphere by emitting greenhouse gases 
A) the Sun heated up 
B) atmospheric pressures fell allowing the ice to sublime 
C) heat conduction through the oceanic lithosphere melted the ice 
D) volcanic eruptions heated the atmosphere by emitting greenhouse gases

Question 8

Which of the following is deposited directly from ice?

Accepted Answer

A) an esker 
B) a kame 
C) a moraine 
D) a varve 
A) an esker 
B) a kame 
C) a moraine 
D) a varve

Question 9

When did the most recent ice ages occur?

Accepted Answer

A) the Jurassic period 
B) the Pleistocene epoch 
C) the Paleozoic era 
D) the Pliocene epoch 
A) the Jurassic period 
B) the Pleistocene epoch 
C) the Paleozoic era 
D) the Pliocene epoch

Question 10

In a bitterly cold climate,glaciers will move primarily by

Accepted Answer

A) basal slip. 
B) calving. 
C) plastic flow. 
D) sublimation. 
A) basal slip. 
B) calving. 
C) plastic flow. 
D) sublimation.

Question 11

Glacial deposits preserved in the rock record provide evidence for major continental glaciations during

Accepted Answer

A) the Ordovician period 
B) Precambrian time. 
C) the Permian-Pennsylvanian periods. 
D) the Ordovician period,Precambrian time,and the Permian-Pennsylvanian periods. 
A) the Ordovician period 
B) Precambrian time. 
C) the Permian-Pennsylvanian periods. 
D) the Ordovician period,Precambrian time,and the Permian-Pennsylvanian periods.

Question 12

Which of the following terms describes a glacial erosional feature as opposed to a glacial deposit?

Accepted Answer

A) erratic 
B) fjord 
C) outwash 
D) till 
A) erratic 
B) fjord 
C) outwash 
D) till

Question 13

Which of the following has an ice shelf?

Accepted Answer

A) Antarctica 
B) Arctic 
C) Greenland 
D) Alaska 
A) Antarctica 
B) Arctic 
C) Greenland 
D) Alaska

Question 14

Which of the following will cause sea level to rise?

Accepted Answer

A) the melting of a very large iceberg 
B) the melting of the Ross ice shelf 
C) the melting of the Greenland ice cap 
D) all of the above 
A) the melting of a very large iceberg 
B) the melting of the Ross ice shelf 
C) the melting of the Greenland ice cap 
D) all of the above

Question 15

Geologist Louis Agassiz measured the movement of glaciers with

Accepted Answer

A) GPS. 
B) radar. 
C) lasers. 
D) stakes. 
A) GPS. 
B) radar. 
C) lasers. 
D) stakes.

Question 16

Glaciers ablate by

Accepted Answer

A) sublimation. 
B) calving. 
C) melting. 
D) sublimation,calving,and melting. 
A) sublimation. 
B) calving. 
C) melting. 
D) sublimation,calving,and melting.

Question 17

Lithified glacial till deposits in the rock record are called

Accepted Answer

A) varves. 
B) tillites. 
C) conglomerates. 
D) moraines. 
A) varves. 
B) tillites. 
C) conglomerates. 
D) moraines.

Question 18

The snow line is

Accepted Answer

A) the lowest altitude at which snow will fall in summer. 
B) the lowest altitude at which snow will fall in winter. 
C) the altitude above which snow does not completely melt in summer. 
D) the altitude above which snow does not completely melt in winter. 
A) the lowest altitude at which snow will fall in summer. 
B) the lowest altitude at which snow will fall in winter. 
C) the altitude above which snow does not completely melt in summer. 
D) the altitude above which snow does not completely melt in winter.

Question 19

How many lateral moraines are needed to make one medial moraine?

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four

Question 20

Which of the following lists is written in order of increasing ice "metamorphism"?

Accepted Answer

A) snow,granular ice,firn,glacial ice 
B) snow,firn,glacial ice,granular ice 
C) snow,firn,granular ice,glacial ice 
D) snow,granular ice , glacial ice,firn 
A) snow,granular ice,firn,glacial ice 
B) snow,firn,glacial ice,granular ice 
C) snow,firn,granular ice,glacial ice 
D) snow,granular ice , glacial ice,firn

Exam 21: Glaciers: the Work of Ice

The fine-silt to clay-sized material produced from the grinding action of glaciers is called

Movement of past glaciers can be determined by looking at

The age of the last glacial period is estimated by carbon-14 dating of

How thick is permafrost?

At the equator,at what altitude is the snow line?

Why are Earth's poles colder than the equator?

If the hypothesis that proposes that Earth was entirely covered with ice during late Precambrian time - Snowball Earth - is correct,then what process brought it out of that state?

Which of the following is deposited directly from ice?

When did the most recent ice ages occur?

In a bitterly cold climate,glaciers will move primarily by

Glacial deposits preserved in the rock record provide evidence for major continental glaciations during

Which of the following terms describes a glacial erosional feature as opposed to a glacial deposit?

Which of the following has an ice shelf?

Which of the following will cause sea level to rise?

Geologist Louis Agassiz measured the movement of glaciers with

Glaciers ablate by

Lithified glacial till deposits in the rock record are called

The snow line is

How many lateral moraines are needed to make one medial moraine?

Which of the following lists is written in order of increasing ice "metamorphism"?

The Earth System

Plate Tectonics: The Unifying Theory

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks

Igneous Rocks: Solids From Melts

Sedimentation: Rocks Formed by Surface Processes

Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure

Deformation: Modification of Rocks by Folding and Fracturing

Clocks in Rocks: Timing the Geologic Period

Early History of the Terrestrial Planets

History of the Continents

Geobiology: Life Interacts With Earth

Volcanoes

Earthquakes

Exploring Earths Interior

The Climate System

Weathering,erosion,and Mass Wasting: Interactions Between the Climate and Plate Tectonic Systems

The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater

Stream Transport: From Mountains to Oceans

Winds and Deserts

Coastlines and Ocean Basins

Landscapes: Tectonic and Climate Interaction

The Human Impact of Earths Environment

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