Question 1

Cataclastic textures form in association with what types of geologic structures?

Accepted Answer

A) faults 
B) joints 
C) folds 
D) all of the above 
A) faults 
B) joints 
C) folds 
D) all of the above

Question 2

Which of the following geologic features is commonly formed in a region deformed by tensional tectonic forces?

Accepted Answer

A) an anticline 
B) a thrust fault 
C) a strike-slip fault 
D) a rift valley 
A) an anticline 
B) a thrust fault 
C) a strike-slip fault 
D) a rift valley

Question 3

Which of the following conditions of natural deformation is the most difficult to simulate in a laboratory experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) the duration of the deformation event 
B) the pressure during the deformation event 
C) the temperature during the deformation event 
D) the type of rock that was deformed 
A) the duration of the deformation event 
B) the pressure during the deformation event 
C) the temperature during the deformation event 
D) the type of rock that was deformed

Question 4

A fold that has a nonhorizontal fold axis is called a(n)________ fold.

Accepted Answer

A) symmetrical 
B) asymmetrical 
C) plunging 
D) overturned 
A) symmetrical 
B) asymmetrical 
C) plunging 
D) overturned

Question 5

What two measurements describe the orientation of a fault plane at a given location?

Accepted Answer

A) axis and plane 
B) dip and strike 
C) lateral and thrust 
D) plunge and trend 
A) axis and plane 
B) dip and strike 
C) lateral and thrust 
D) plunge and trend

Question 6

A sample of marble has deformed brittlely during a laboratory experiment.If we wish our next sample of marble to deform plastically rather than brittlely,we should conduct the next experiment at

Accepted Answer

A) lower temperature and lower confining pressure. 
B) lower temperature and higher confining pressure. 
C) higher temperature and lower confining pressure. 
D) higher temperature and higher confining pressure. 
A) lower temperature and lower confining pressure. 
B) lower temperature and higher confining pressure. 
C) higher temperature and lower confining pressure. 
D) higher temperature and higher confining pressure.

Question 7

A rift valley is

Accepted Answer

A) a downfaulted block. 
B) an eroded basin. 
C) an eroded dome. 
D) an upfaulted block. 
A) a downfaulted block. 
B) an eroded basin. 
C) an eroded dome. 
D) an upfaulted block.

Question 8

What type of structure is characterized by rock layers that dip radially toward a central point?

Accepted Answer

A) an anticline 
B) a basin 
C) a dome 
D) a syncline 
A) an anticline 
B) a basin 
C) a dome 
D) a syncline

Question 9

Which of the following correctly links the tectonic force with the expected type of faulting?

Accepted Answer

A) compression = normal faulting 
B) shear = strike-slip faulting 
C) tension = reverse faulting 
D) tension + compression = oblique-slip faulting 
A) compression = normal faulting 
B) shear = strike-slip faulting 
C) tension = reverse faulting 
D) tension + compression = oblique-slip faulting

Question 10

Which of the following forces,when applied to the edges of a layer,will not produce a fold?

Accepted Answer

A) pushing together 
B) pulling apart 
C) pushing one edge up 
D) pulling one edge down 
A) pushing together 
B) pulling apart 
C) pushing one edge up 
D) pulling one edge down

Question 11

A diagram representing a vertical slice through Earth's crust is called a

Accepted Answer

A) geologic map. 
B) geologic model. 
C) subsurface picture. 
D) geologic cross section. 
A) geologic map. 
B) geologic model. 
C) subsurface picture. 
D) geologic cross section.

Question 12

Which of the following geologic structures has a hanging wall?

Accepted Answer

A) strike-slip fault 
B) syncline 
C) reverse fault 
D) anticline 
A) strike-slip fault 
B) syncline 
C) reverse fault 
D) anticline

Question 13

How do geologists recognize faults in the field?

Accepted Answer

A) from scarps in the landscape 
B) from folding 
C) from strike 
D) from general relief 
A) from scarps in the landscape 
B) from folding 
C) from strike 
D) from general relief

Question 14

Geologists study deformation in rocks by looking at

Accepted Answer

A) thickness of layers. 
B) folding of layers. 
C) mineralogy of layers. 
D) lateral extent of layers. 
A) thickness of layers. 
B) folding of layers. 
C) mineralogy of layers. 
D) lateral extent of layers.

Question 15

Where do basins form?

Accepted Answer

A) where a part of the crust has been heated and subsequently cools and contracts 
B) where tensional forces stretch the crust 
C) where thick sequences of sediment are deposited 
D) all of the above 
A) where a part of the crust has been heated and subsequently cools and contracts 
B) where tensional forces stretch the crust 
C) where thick sequences of sediment are deposited 
D) all of the above

Question 16

Upfolds,or arches,of layered rock are called

Accepted Answer

A) anticlines. 
B) faults. 
C) synclines. 
D) unconformities. 
A) anticlines. 
B) faults. 
C) synclines. 
D) unconformities.

Question 17

The Basin and Range province in the southwest United States is an area actively undergoing

Accepted Answer

A) crustal compression 
B) crustal extension 
C) crustal shearing 
D) crustal mapping 
A) crustal compression 
B) crustal extension 
C) crustal shearing 
D) crustal mapping

Question 18

If a basalt unit near the surface of Earth underwent compressive deformation,the result would most likely be

Accepted Answer

A) folding. 
B) folding followed by faulting. 
C) faulting. 
D) faulting followed by folding. 
A) folding. 
B) folding followed by faulting. 
C) faulting. 
D) faulting followed by folding.

Question 19

The two sides of a fold are called?

Accepted Answer

A) arms 
B) legs 
C) limbs 
D) flaps 
A) arms 
B) legs 
C) limbs 
D) flaps

Question 20

Which of the following types of tectonic forces tends to squeeze and shorten a rock body?

Accepted Answer

A) compressive forces 
B) tensional forces 
C) shearing forces 
D) all of the above 
A) compressive forces 
B) tensional forces 
C) shearing forces 
D) all of the above

Exam 7: Deformation: Modification of Rocks by Folding and Fracturing

Cataclastic textures form in association with what types of geologic structures?

Which of the following geologic features is commonly formed in a region deformed by tensional tectonic forces?

Which of the following conditions of natural deformation is the most difficult to simulate in a laboratory experiment?

A fold that has a nonhorizontal fold axis is called a(n)________ fold.

What two measurements describe the orientation of a fault plane at a given location?

A sample of marble has deformed brittlely during a laboratory experiment.If we wish our next sample of marble to deform plastically rather than brittlely,we should conduct the next experiment at

A rift valley is

What type of structure is characterized by rock layers that dip radially toward a central point?

Which of the following correctly links the tectonic force with the expected type of faulting?

Which of the following forces,when applied to the edges of a layer,will not produce a fold?

A diagram representing a vertical slice through Earth's crust is called a

Which of the following geologic structures has a hanging wall?

How do geologists recognize faults in the field?

Geologists study deformation in rocks by looking at

Where do basins form?

Upfolds,or arches,of layered rock are called

The Basin and Range province in the southwest United States is an area actively undergoing

If a basalt unit near the surface of Earth underwent compressive deformation,the result would most likely be

The two sides of a fold are called?

Which of the following types of tectonic forces tends to squeeze and shorten a rock body?

The Earth System

Plate Tectonics: The Unifying Theory

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks

Igneous Rocks: Solids From Melts

Sedimentation: Rocks Formed by Surface Processes

Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure

Clocks in Rocks: Timing the Geologic Period

Early History of the Terrestrial Planets

History of the Continents

Geobiology: Life Interacts With Earth

Volcanoes

Earthquakes

Exploring Earths Interior

The Climate System

Weathering,erosion,and Mass Wasting: Interactions Between the Climate and Plate Tectonic Systems

The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater

Stream Transport: From Mountains to Oceans

Winds and Deserts

Coastlines and Ocean Basins

Glaciers: the Work of Ice

Landscapes: Tectonic and Climate Interaction

The Human Impact of Earths Environment

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