Exam 21: Amino Acids,proteins,and Enzymes

Acidic amino acids have lower pI values than basic amino acids.

What is the function of myosin in the human body?

Both the myosin and the α-keratin are proteins composed almost entirely of β-pleated sheets.

A dipeptide contains two amino acids joined together by two amide bonds.

Secretion of vasopressin by the pituitary gland causes the kidneys to retain fluid,resulting in decreased urine output.

The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is called a cofactor.

What is the particular sequence of amino acids of a protein that are joined together by peptide bonds called?

The Fischer projection below represents a naturally occurring amino acid.

Fibrin and thrombin,two proteins involved in blood clotting,are first synthesized as the zymogens fibrinogen and prothrombin,respectively.

Globular proteins are coiled into compact shapes with hydrophilic outer surfaces that make them water-soluble.

How many different dipeptides can be formed when one valine reacts with one glycine?

In hydrolysis of a peptide or protein,the addition of water breaks the hydrogen bonds that hold the amino acids together in the peptide chain.

The peptide leucyl phenylalanylvalylvaline is abbreviated as Leu-Phen-Ala-Val-Val.

How many chirality centers are in leu-enkephalin (structure shown)?

What type of inhibitor binds to the enzyme but does not bind at the active site?

The ________ of an enzyme is the region where substrate binding and catalysis occur.

All amino acids have at least one chirality center.

What is the process of altering the shape of a protein without breaking the amide bonds that form the primary structure?

Molecules that cause an enzyme to lose its activity are called ________.

α-Keratin in hair is a fibrous protein composed almost exclusively of α-helix units that wind together to form a superhelix.