Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of mRNA in a cell?

Accepted Answer

A) To serve as a coenzyme in the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of proteins 
B) To serve as the template strand in the synthesis of DNA 
C) To transcribe the instructions for protein synthesis from DNA and carry this information to the ribosomes 
D) To transport amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis 
A) To serve as a coenzyme in the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of proteins 
B) To serve as the template strand in the synthesis of DNA 
C) To transcribe the instructions for protein synthesis from DNA and carry this information to the ribosomes 
D) To transport amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis

Question 2

The strand of DNA used for RNA synthesis is called the information strand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The three key elements needed to form recombinant DNA are: a DNA molecule into which a new DNA segment will be inserted; an enzyme that cleaves DNA at specific locations; and an enzyme from a second organism that will be inserted in the original DNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

DNA isolated from human cheek cells was found to contain 21% guanine. Which statement concerning the base composition of this DNA sample is true?

Accepted Answer

A) It contains 79% cytosine. 
B) It contains 21% adenine,21% cytosine,and 21% thymine. 
C) It contains 21% cytosine,29% adenine,and 29% thymine. 
D) It is impossible to say anything specific about the percentages of adenine,cytosine,and thymine without further analysis of composition. 
A) It contains 79% cytosine. 
B) It contains 21% adenine,21% cytosine,and 21% thymine. 
C) It contains 21% cytosine,29% adenine,and 29% thymine. 
D) It is impossible to say anything specific about the percentages of adenine,cytosine,and thymine without further analysis of composition.

Question 5

In DNA replication,the ________ strand grows continuously,while the lagging strand is synthesized in small fragments.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In DNA replication,the ________ strand grows continuously,while...

Question 6

What is the abbreviation of the structure shown below?

Accepted Answer

A) GMP 
B) AMP 
C) CMP 
D) TMP 
A) GMP 
B) AMP 
C) CMP 
D) TMP

Question 7

Which mRNA sequence codes for the amino acid sequence Leu-Gly-Asp-Arg?

Accepted Answer

A) 5' CUA GGU GAU AGC 3' 
B) 5' CUA CAG GAU AGA 3' 
C) 5' AGA GAU GGA UUA 3' 
D) 5' UUA GGA GAU AGA 3' 
A) 5' CUA GGU GAU AGC 3' 
B) 5' CUA CAG GAU AGA 3' 
C) 5' AGA GAU GGA UUA 3' 
D) 5' UUA GGA GAU AGA 3'

Question 8

The "cartoon" shown below is an example of an rRNA cloverleaf.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A gene is a portion of a DNA molecule responsible for the synthesis of a single protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which sequence has a purine base at the 3' end?

Accepted Answer

A) TCTAG 
B) AUCCT 
C) GUGCCU 
D) CCTTC 
A) TCTAG 
B) AUCCT 
C) GUGCCU 
D) CCTTC

Question 11

If 22% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA contain the base adenine (A),then 22% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA contain the base thymine (T).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Individual mRNAs bring specific amino acids to add to the growing peptide chain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What is the name of the nucleoside shown?

Accepted Answer

A) Hydroadenine 
B) Deoxyadenosine 
C) Deoxyguanosine 
D) Hydroguanine 
A) Hydroadenine 
B) Deoxyadenosine 
C) Deoxyguanosine 
D) Hydroguanine

Question 14

The mRNA codon CAU specifies the amino acid histidine (His). The anticodon loop of the tRNA molecule that carries His to the ribosomes contains the sequence ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The mRNA codon CAU specifies the amino...

Question 15

A DNA sequence segment is initially AAA ATG TGA CCC. Which mutation would have the least effect on the resultant protein synthesized?

Accepted Answer

A) AAG ATG TGA CCC 
B) AAA ATT TGA CCC 
C) AAA ATG GAC CCU 
D) AAA ATG TGA CGC 
A) AAG ATG TGA CCC 
B) AAA ATT TGA CCC 
C) AAA ATG GAC CCU 
D) AAA ATG TGA CGC

Question 16

Cidofovir (structure shown)is an antiviral medication for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV)retinitis in patients with AIDS that suppresses CMV replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis. Cidofovir contains the nucleoside cytidine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The nucleic acid DNA stores the genetic information of a particular organism,while the nucleic acid RNA translates this genetic information into the synthesis of proteins needed by cells for proper function and development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

DNA consists of two polynucleotide strands that wind into a left-handed double helix.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A chromosome is a segment of a DNA molecule that codes for a specific protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A virus that contains a core of RNA is called a retrovirus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 22: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Which of the following best describes the primary function of mRNA in a cell?

The strand of DNA used for RNA synthesis is called the information strand.

The three key elements needed to form recombinant DNA are: a DNA molecule into which a new DNA segment will be inserted; an enzyme that cleaves DNA at specific locations; and an enzyme from a second organism that will be inserted in the original DNA molecule.

DNA isolated from human cheek cells was found to contain 21% guanine. Which statement concerning the base composition of this DNA sample is true?

In DNA replication,the ________ strand grows continuously,while the lagging strand is synthesized in small fragments.

What is the abbreviation of the structure shown below?

Which mRNA sequence codes for the amino acid sequence Leu-Gly-Asp-Arg?

The "cartoon" shown below is an example of an rRNA cloverleaf.

A gene is a portion of a DNA molecule responsible for the synthesis of a single protein.

Which sequence has a purine base at the 3' end?

If 22% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA contain the base adenine (A),then 22% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA contain the base thymine (T).

Individual mRNAs bring specific amino acids to add to the growing peptide chain.

What is the name of the nucleoside shown?

The mRNA codon CAU specifies the amino acid histidine (His). The anticodon loop of the tRNA molecule that carries His to the ribosomes contains the sequence ________.

A DNA sequence segment is initially AAA ATG TGA CCC. Which mutation would have the least effect on the resultant protein synthesized?

Cidofovir (structure shown)is an antiviral medication for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV)retinitis in patients with AIDS that suppresses CMV replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis. Cidofovir contains the nucleoside cytidine.

The nucleic acid DNA stores the genetic information of a particular organism,while the nucleic acid RNA translates this genetic information into the synthesis of proteins needed by cells for proper function and development.

DNA consists of two polynucleotide strands that wind into a left-handed double helix.

A chromosome is a segment of a DNA molecule that codes for a specific protein.

A virus that contains a core of RNA is called a retrovirus.

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