Question 1

Norbert is selected as the foreperson of the jury.Assuming that a typical selection process occurred,he was probably chosen

Accepted Answer

A) very quickly and casually. 
B) after a long,heated,often irrational debate. 
C) after very careful,rational consideration of the candidates. 
D) by the judge at some point during the course of the trial. 
A) very quickly and casually. 
B) after a long,heated,often irrational debate. 
C) after very careful,rational consideration of the candidates. 
D) by the judge at some point during the course of the trial.

Question 2

A major problem with using the polygraph as a lie detector is that

Accepted Answer

A) some research suggests that it can make mistakes. 
B) arousal cannot be measured with the polygraph. 
C) it measures only the vocal channel,ignoring all other channels. 
D) control questions do not evoke arousal in innocent people. 
A) some research suggests that it can make mistakes. 
B) arousal cannot be measured with the polygraph. 
C) it measures only the vocal channel,ignoring all other channels. 
D) control questions do not evoke arousal in innocent people.

Question 3

A Japanese-American woman discovered her husband was having an affair and tried to drown both herself and her children.In her defense,she claims she was trying to save her children from the shame her husband had brought on the family,something she sees as a Japanese custom.She and her lawyer are using a(n)defense.

Accepted Answer

A) cultural 
B) comparative 
C) inquisitorial 
D) offensive 
A) cultural 
B) comparative 
C) inquisitorial 
D) offensive

Question 4

Carnahan and McFarland (2007)conducted a study to determine whether a particular type of person is likely to sign up for a study like the Stanford University prison study.They found that advertisements for a study on "prison life" attracted potential participants higher than average in______________and lower than average in______________.

Accepted Answer

A) authoritarianism;aggression 
B) self-monitoring;altruism 
C) need for cognition;need for closure 
D) narcissism;empathy 
A) authoritarianism;aggression 
B) self-monitoring;altruism 
C) need for cognition;need for closure 
D) narcissism;empathy

Question 5

Jonnie is a defense attorney representing a client charged with drug offenses.He conducts a survey in the community and discovers that residents with conservative politics are particularly unsympathetic to defendants in drug cases.He therefore decides to use his peremptory challenges during jury selection to remove from the panel prospective jurors with a history of voting for conservative political candidates.Jonnie is making use of

Accepted Answer

A) scientific jury selection. 
B) an implicit personality theory. 
C) trial attorney intuition. 
D) jury consultants. 
A) scientific jury selection. 
B) an implicit personality theory. 
C) trial attorney intuition. 
D) jury consultants.

Question 6

Which term describes a source of non evidentiary influence?

Accepted Answer

A) pre-trial publicity 
B) the testimony of expert witnesses 
C) fingerprint evidence 
D) eyewitness testimony 
A) pre-trial publicity 
B) the testimony of expert witnesses 
C) fingerprint evidence 
D) eyewitness testimony

Question 7

Describe the three stages that jury's typically go through when deliberating to arrive at a verdict.

Accepted Answer

If the walls of the jury room could talk

Question 8

The tendency for false post-event information to become integrated into a person's memory for the event is called the

Accepted Answer

A) misinformation effect. 
B) familiarity-induced bias. 
C) leniency bias. 
D) positive coercion bias. 
A) misinformation effect. 
B) familiarity-induced bias. 
C) leniency bias. 
D) positive coercion bias.

Question 9

Jurors in criminal trials often fail to fully discount coerced confessions.In what sense can the fundamental attribution error explain this tendency?

Accepted Answer

A) People often overlook the situational factors that lead others to commit criminal acts. 
B) We tend to think that no situational influences could be strong enough to lead someone to confess to something they did not do. 
C) Jurors usually think that false confessions result from certain personality characteristics,such as passivity or lack of education. 
D) Few people think that they themselves would ever admit to a crime they did not commit. 
A) People often overlook the situational factors that lead others to commit criminal acts. 
B) We tend to think that no situational influences could be strong enough to lead someone to confess to something they did not do. 
C) Jurors usually think that false confessions result from certain personality characteristics,such as passivity or lack of education. 
D) Few people think that they themselves would ever admit to a crime they did not commit.

Question 10

Research with mock jurors suggests that jurors comprehend judges' conventional instructions relatively well when these instructions are

Accepted Answer

A) accompanied by music. 
B) presented by the attorneys rather than by the judge. 
C) given first to the jury foreperson,who then passes them along to the rest of the jury. 
D) rewritten in plain language. 
A) accompanied by music. 
B) presented by the attorneys rather than by the judge. 
C) given first to the jury foreperson,who then passes them along to the rest of the jury. 
D) rewritten in plain language.

Question 11

Franklin,an African-American male,is on trial for attempted murder.The study conducted by Sommers (2006)regarding jury racial composition suggests which of the following jurors would be most likely to vote to convict Franklin?

Accepted Answer

A) Jerry,a Caucasian male on an all-Caucasian jury 
B) Robin,a Caucasian male on a racially-diverse jury 
C) Eddie,an African-American male on an all-African-American jury 
D) Dave,an African-American male on a racially-diverse jury 
A) Jerry,a Caucasian male on an all-Caucasian jury 
B) Robin,a Caucasian male on a racially-diverse jury 
C) Eddie,an African-American male on an all-African-American jury 
D) Dave,an African-American male on a racially-diverse jury

Question 12

Wells and Bradfield (1998)found that feedback can influence an eyewitness's confidence and memory when

Accepted Answer

A) he or she makes an accurate identification. 
B) the feedback confirms the identification. 
C) when the suspect is of a different race. 
D) the feedback disconfirms the identification. 
A) he or she makes an accurate identification. 
B) the feedback confirms the identification. 
C) when the suspect is of a different race. 
D) the feedback disconfirms the identification.

Question 13

Ming was involved in a civil dispute that came to trial.Though unhappy with the judge's decision,he felt that he truly had the chance to express his views and present his case completely.Ming apparently was most satisfied with

Accepted Answer

A) the sentencing disparity. 
B) the voir dire process. 
C) his process control. 
D) the deliberation stage. 
A) the sentencing disparity. 
B) the voir dire process. 
C) his process control. 
D) the deliberation stage.

Question 14

The pre-trial interview of prospective jurors conducted by the judge and lawyers is called

Accepted Answer

A) decision control. 
B) jury nullification. 
C) scientific jury selection. 
D) voir dire. 
A) decision control. 
B) jury nullification. 
C) scientific jury selection. 
D) voir dire.

Question 15

Saul is a prospective juror in a mass murder case who,when asked by an attorney,says that he opposes the death penalty.The presiding judge then excludes him from the jury.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) leniency bias. 
B) death qualification. 
C) scientific jury selection. 
D) jury nullification. 
A) leniency bias. 
B) death qualification. 
C) scientific jury selection. 
D) jury nullification.

Question 16

After a 36-hour interrogation,Liz just wanted to make it end so she confessed to the kidnapping even though she knew she had not committed the crime.Liz's confession would be labeled as

Accepted Answer

A) internalization. 
B) compliance. 
C) reactive. 
D) misinformed. 
A) internalization. 
B) compliance. 
C) reactive. 
D) misinformed.

Question 17

Lawyers may dismiss prospective jurors without having to justify their dismissal by using

Accepted Answer

A) jury nullification. 
B) sentencing disparity. 
C) peremptory challenges. 
D) normative influence. 
A) jury nullification. 
B) sentencing disparity. 
C) peremptory challenges. 
D) normative influence.

Question 18

A juror is more likely to be chosen as foreperson if the juror is

Accepted Answer

A) seated in the middle of the table as opposed to at the head. 
B) of lower rather than higher occupational status. 
C) quiet during the initial stages of jury deliberation. 
D) the first to speak in the jury room. 
A) seated in the middle of the table as opposed to at the head. 
B) of lower rather than higher occupational status. 
C) quiet during the initial stages of jury deliberation. 
D) the first to speak in the jury room.

Question 19

As described in your book,Sommers's (2006)study examining the influence of a jury's racial composition indicates that

Accepted Answer

A) Caucasian and African-American jurors are often equally likely to vote to convict an African-American defendant. 
B) African-American jurors often successfully convince Caucasian jurors to change their votes during deliberations,particularly when they offer multiple arguments for doing so. 
C) Caucasian jurors often evaluate a trial differently when their jury is diverse versus all-Caucasian. 
D) diverse juries have a harder time coming to a unanimous decision than do all-Caucasian juries. 
A) Caucasian and African-American jurors are often equally likely to vote to convict an African-American defendant. 
B) African-American jurors often successfully convince Caucasian jurors to change their votes during deliberations,particularly when they offer multiple arguments for doing so. 
C) Caucasian jurors often evaluate a trial differently when their jury is diverse versus all-Caucasian. 
D) diverse juries have a harder time coming to a unanimous decision than do all-Caucasian juries.

Question 20

In a murder case involving a six-person jury,five of the jurors think the defendant is guilty and one thinks the______________defendant is not guilty.In another murder case involving a 12-person jury,ten think the defendant is guilty and two think the defendant is not guilty.Based on Asch's research on conformity,and all other things being equal,what predictions can be made about the likelihood that the jurors in the minority in these two trials will resist the pressures exerted by those in the majority to change their verdicts?

Accepted Answer

A) The minority in the smaller jury should be less likely to maintain his or her independence because the minority in the smaller jury has no allies in dissent. 
B) The minority in the larger jury should be less likely to maintain their independence because the majority in the larger jury is comprised of more people. 
C) Because the proportion of majority to minority jurors is equivalent in these two juries,the minorities should be equally likely to maintain their independence. 
D) If the evidence in both cases is ambiguous,the minority in the smaller jury should be less likely to maintain his or her independence;but if the evidence in both cases is unambiguous,there should be no difference between the juries. 
A) The minority in the smaller jury should be less likely to maintain his or her independence because the minority in the smaller jury has no allies in dissent. 
B) The minority in the larger jury should be less likely to maintain their independence because the majority in the larger jury is comprised of more people. 
C) Because the proportion of majority to minority jurors is equivalent in these two juries,the minorities should be equally likely to maintain their independence. 
D) If the evidence in both cases is ambiguous,the minority in the smaller jury should be less likely to maintain his or her independence;but if the evidence in both cases is unambiguous,there should be no difference between the juries.

Norbert is selected as the foreperson of the jury.Assuming that a typical selection process occurred,he was probably chosen

A major problem with using the polygraph as a lie detector is that

Which term describes a source of non evidentiary influence?

Describe the three stages that jury's typically go through when deliberating to arrive at a verdict.

The tendency for false post-event information to become integrated into a person's memory for the event is called the

Jurors in criminal trials often fail to fully discount coerced confessions.In what sense can the fundamental attribution error explain this tendency?

Research with mock jurors suggests that jurors comprehend judges' conventional instructions relatively well when these instructions are

Franklin,an African-American male,is on trial for attempted murder.The study conducted by Sommers (2006)regarding jury racial composition suggests which of the following jurors would be most likely to vote to convict Franklin?

Wells and Bradfield (1998)found that feedback can influence an eyewitness's confidence and memory when

Ming was involved in a civil dispute that came to trial.Though unhappy with the judge's decision,he felt that he truly had the chance to express his views and present his case completely.Ming apparently was most satisfied with

The pre-trial interview of prospective jurors conducted by the judge and lawyers is called

Saul is a prospective juror in a mass murder case who,when asked by an attorney,says that he opposes the death penalty.The presiding judge then excludes him from the jury.This is an example of

After a 36-hour interrogation,Liz just wanted to make it end so she confessed to the kidnapping even though she knew she had not committed the crime.Liz's confession would be labeled as

Lawyers may dismiss prospective jurors without having to justify their dismissal by using

A juror is more likely to be chosen as foreperson if the juror is

As described in your book,Sommers's (2006)study examining the influence of a jury's racial composition indicates that

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Business

Health

Filters

Exam 12: Law

Norbert is selected as the foreperson of the jury.Assuming that a typical selection process occurred,he was probably chosen

A major problem with using the polygraph as a lie detector is that

Which term describes a source of non evidentiary influence?

Describe the three stages that jury's typically go through when deliberating to arrive at a verdict.

The tendency for false post-event information to become integrated into a person's memory for the event is called the

Jurors in criminal trials often fail to fully discount coerced confessions.In what sense can the fundamental attribution error explain this tendency?

Research with mock jurors suggests that jurors comprehend judges' conventional instructions relatively well when these instructions are

Franklin,an African-American male,is on trial for attempted murder.The study conducted by Sommers (2006)regarding jury racial composition suggests which of the following jurors would be most likely to vote to convict Franklin?

Wells and Bradfield (1998)found that feedback can influence an eyewitness's confidence and memory when

Ming was involved in a civil dispute that came to trial.Though unhappy with the judge's decision,he felt that he truly had the chance to express his views and present his case completely.Ming apparently was most satisfied with

The pre-trial interview of prospective jurors conducted by the judge and lawyers is called

Saul is a prospective juror in a mass murder case who,when asked by an attorney,says that he opposes the death penalty.The presiding judge then excludes him from the jury.This is an example of

After a 36-hour interrogation,Liz just wanted to make it end so she confessed to the kidnapping even though she knew she had not committed the crime.Liz's confession would be labeled as

Lawyers may dismiss prospective jurors without having to justify their dismissal by using

A juror is more likely to be chosen as foreperson if the juror is

As described in your book,Sommers's (2006)study examining the influence of a jury's racial composition indicates that

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Business

Health

Filters