Exam 13: The Lives of Stars From Birth Through Middle Age

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Suppose a Cepheid oscillates from an initial state 1 to a state 2 where its radius has decreased 10 percent, and its temperature has increased 10 percent compared with the values at state 1. How do the luminosities at states 1 and 2 compare?

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If one were able to visit Earth one million years into the future, which of these views of the sky would be MOST likely?

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What fraction of the mass of a typical interstellar cloud is hydrogen?

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The density of carbon monoxide is observed in a particular interstellar cloud to be 500 CO molecules per cubic meter. What will be the expected density of molecular hydrogen gas, H2, in this cloud?

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What is the relationship between the mass of a protostar and the time needed for it to reach the main sequence after it forms inside an interstellar cloud?

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The final stage in the evolution of a red dwarf star is

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In a Cepheid variable, what happens to make its temperature rise?

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When a star's evolutionary track in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram carries it into the instability strip, what happens to the star?

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In order to produce protoplanets around a new star within a condensing interstellar cloud, a necessary condition seems to be that the cloud must

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The H-R diagram for an open cluster gives special information because all stars in an open cluster are

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In the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, how does the position of a typical star change while it is at the main-sequence phase of its evolution?

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What major physical process is taking place inside stars that are on the main sequence in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?

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How do massive stars normally end their lives?

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In connection with a star, what does the phrase "metal-poor" mean?

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What radiation ionizes the hydrogen in an emission nebula (H II region)?

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Which one of these objects is the LEAST massive?

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Main-sequence stars can be divided into those with more than 75 percent of the mass of the Sun and those with less than this amount of mass. What is different about these two groups?

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The helium flash is another name for a sudden

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Where do horizontal-branch stars get their energy?

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Under what conditions does electron degeneracy occur?

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