Exam 17: Religion

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The Qur'an,also known as the Pentateuch,is the sacred book of contemporary Judaism.The Jewish people believe that they have a unique relationship with God.Judaism has three key components: God (the deity),Qur'an (God's teachings),and Israel (the community or holy nation).

(True/False)
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Since Hinduism has no scriptures that are thought to be inspired by a god or gods and is not based on the teachings of any one person,religion scholars refer to it as a(n)______________-a system of beliefs that calls upon adherents to follow an ideal way of life.

(Multiple Choice)
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In postindustrial societies,religion often takes the form of animism,which is the belief that supernatural forces affect people's lives either positively or negatively.

(True/False)
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The argument over______________is the latest debate in a lengthy battle over the teaching of creationism versus evolutionism in public schools,and is only one of many arguments that will continue to take place regarding the appropriate relationship between public education and religion in the United States.

(Multiple Choice)
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According to Hinduism,individual souls pass through a sequence of bodies over time as they undergo a process known as______________(reincarnation),an endless passage through cycles of life,death,and rebirth until the soul earns liberation.

(Multiple Choice)
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Spirituality involves the individual's inner,subjective feelings.

(True/False)
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According to the text's discussion of civil religion,______________.

(Multiple Choice)
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Because the term cult has assumed a negative and sometimes offensive meaning because of the beliefs and actions of a few highly publicized cults,some researchers now use the term:

(Multiple Choice)
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Trace the development of Christianity.

(Essay)
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Confucius set forth his Five Constant Relationships including the______________relationship.

(Multiple Choice)
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The third branch of Buddhism,______________,incorporates the first two branches along with some aspects of Hinduism;it emerged in Tibet in the seventh century.

(Multiple Choice)
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______________ is a system of beliefs and practices (rituals)-based on some sacred or supernatural realm-that guides human behavior,gives meaning to life,and unites believers into a single moral community.

(Multiple Choice)
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The Hebrews established a covenant with God.Known as the Ten Commandments,the covenant between God and human beings was given to______________on top of Mount Sinai.

(Multiple Choice)
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When______________first emerged in India some twenty-five hundred years ago,it was thought of as a "new religious movement."

(Multiple Choice)
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The ultimate goal of Hindu existence is entering the state of______________-becoming liberated from the world by uniting the individual soul with the universal soul (Brahma).

(Multiple Choice)
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______________ is believed to be one of the world's oldest current religions,having originated along the banks of the Indus River in______________between 3,500 and 4,500 years ago.

(Multiple Choice)
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______________ has been used to explain mystifying events of nature,such as sunrises and thunderstorms,and the ways in which some objects may bring a person good or bad luck.

(Multiple Choice)
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______________ focuses on principles such as truth,justice,affirmation of life,and tolerance for others,and its adherents seek an elevated state of consciousness in which they can fulfill their true potential.

(Multiple Choice)
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______________ was one of the first sociologists to emphasize that religion is essential to the maintenance of society.He suggested that religion is a cultural universal found in all societies because it meets basic human needs and serves important societal functions.

(Multiple Choice)
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Trace the development of Buddhism.

(Essay)
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