Question 1

Which of the following is true of the first transcontinental railroad?

Accepted Answer

A)  The passage of the Pacific Railway Act of 1862 indefinitely postponed its construction. 
B)  The Central Pacific and Union Pacific Railroads built it along a north-central route. 
C)  The route ran south through Texas and the Arizona and New Mexico territories. 
D)  Little competition took place during the process thanks to major government subsidies. 
E)  Only one company built it, winning a contest to get to work on the project. 
A)  The passage of the Pacific Railway Act of 1862 indefinitely postponed its construction. 
B)  The Central Pacific and Union Pacific Railroads built it along a north-central route. 
C)  The route ran south through Texas and the Arizona and New Mexico territories. 
D)  Little competition took place during the process thanks to major government subsidies. 
E)  Only one company built it, winning a contest to get to work on the project.

Question 2

Which of the following accurately describes the events surrounding the Lattimer Massacre?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many workers, especially immigrants from central or eastern Europe, were killed while peacefully protesting dangerous mining conditions, and all of those accused of the killings were acquitted. 
B)  Violent protests led by anarchists broke out near an important harvesting machine company, and amid the confusion, an individual threw a bomb into the crowd, maiming or killing dozens. 
C)  White miners brutally murdered fellow African American miners out of fear that they would take their jobs, but a landmark court case resulted in sentencing the perpetrators to life in prison. 
D)  The federal government figuratively killed all major laws that effectively benefited Big Business in response to a series of unusually fatal mining accidents in Pennsylvania. 
E)  Swayed by unions, several elite factory owners dramatically resigned from their positions, and for the first time, a widespread public uproar ensued in response to poor working conditions. 
A)  Many workers, especially immigrants from central or eastern Europe, were killed while peacefully protesting dangerous mining conditions, and all of those accused of the killings were acquitted. 
B)  Violent protests led by anarchists broke out near an important harvesting machine company, and amid the confusion, an individual threw a bomb into the crowd, maiming or killing dozens. 
C)  White miners brutally murdered fellow African American miners out of fear that they would take their jobs, but a landmark court case resulted in sentencing the perpetrators to life in prison. 
D)  The federal government figuratively killed all major laws that effectively benefited Big Business in response to a series of unusually fatal mining accidents in Pennsylvania. 
E)  Swayed by unions, several elite factory owners dramatically resigned from their positions, and for the first time, a widespread public uproar ensued in response to poor working conditions.

Question 3

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Molly Maguires?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were named for the daughter of George Maguire, the owner of a Pennsylvania coalfield, to show their support for the industry. 
B)  They accomplished their goals of better wages and working conditions for miners through peaceful arbitration. 
C)  They were predominantly cooks and maids and organized the first large-scale strike of domestic workers in New York City. 
D)  They were a women's rights organization that focused on attaining the right to vote and opening women's colleges. 
E)  They aimed to right the perceived wrongs against Irish coal workers by engaging in intimidation, beatings, and killings. 
A)  They were named for the daughter of George Maguire, the owner of a Pennsylvania coalfield, to show their support for the industry. 
B)  They accomplished their goals of better wages and working conditions for miners through peaceful arbitration. 
C)  They were predominantly cooks and maids and organized the first large-scale strike of domestic workers in New York City. 
D)  They were a women's rights organization that focused on attaining the right to vote and opening women's colleges. 
E)  They aimed to right the perceived wrongs against Irish coal workers by engaging in intimidation, beatings, and killings.

Question 4

Discuss the various major strikes that occurred after the Civil War. Include the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, the Homestead strike, and the Pullman strike. What were the similarities and differences with each?

Accepted Answer

After the Civil War, there were several

Question 5

During and after the Civil War, the Republican party supported protective tariffs that raised revenue and protected domestic industry from foreign competition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Match each description with the item below.
-John Smith Pemberton

Accepted Answer

A) organized a week-long march of child workers from Pennsylvania to President Theodore Roosevelt's home in New York 
B) maintained his commitment to high tariffs after the war despite concerns that they would increase consumer prices 
C) led the Knights of Labor and emphasized the strategy of winning political control of the areas around unions 
D) wrote the essay "The Gospel of Wealth," which held that with great wealth came great responsibility 
E) met to form the Industrial Workers of the World but withdrew and went on to become a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
F)was the head of the National Labor Union who died suddenly in 1869, resulting in its support declining
G)was a former Confederate cavalry officer who developed a formula meant to be for medicinal syrup but that would become the origin of Coca Cola
H)organized the Workingmen's Party of California and blasted railroad barons for exploiting the poor
I)invented the telephone, which would become the most valuable patent ever issued
J)convinced middle-class women to enter the so-called real world by engaging in social work 
A) organized a week-long march of child workers from Pennsylvania to President Theodore Roosevelt's home in New York 
B) maintained his commitment to high tariffs after the war despite concerns that they would increase consumer prices 
C) led the Knights of Labor and emphasized the strategy of winning political control of the areas around unions 
D) wrote the essay "The Gospel of Wealth," which held that with great wealth came great responsibility 
E) met to form the Industrial Workers of the World but withdrew and went on to become a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
F)was the head of the National Labor Union who died suddenly in 1869, resulting in its support declining
G)was a former Confederate cavalry officer who developed a formula meant to be for medicinal syrup but that would become the origin of Coca Cola
H)organized the Workingmen's Party of California and blasted railroad barons for exploiting the poor
I)invented the telephone, which would become the most valuable patent ever issued
J)convinced middle-class women to enter the so-called real world by engaging in social work

Question 7

The term "robber baron" was used to describe executives known for their shady financial practices.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What was the Haymarket Riot of 1886?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was a fight for child labor rights started by the Knights of Labor and, because so many people were sympathetic toward children, improved public opinion of unions in general for years to come. 
B)  It was an insurrection led by miners that evolved into a productive meeting between workers and management, ushering in an era of improved relations in industries across the nation. 
C)  It was a days-long demonstration for railroad workers' rights that angered the government, but because it remained peaceful in nature, none of the events' leaders could be prosecuted. 
D)  Occurring amid a strike in favor of the eight-hour workday, it was what journalists called America's first terrorist bombing and was blamed on anarchist leaders despite a lack of evidence. 
E)  Primarily a demonstration for African American rights in the workplace, it resulted in government officials emerging as martyr figures, as several of them got hurt trying to stop the demonstrators. 
A)  It was a fight for child labor rights started by the Knights of Labor and, because so many people were sympathetic toward children, improved public opinion of unions in general for years to come. 
B)  It was an insurrection led by miners that evolved into a productive meeting between workers and management, ushering in an era of improved relations in industries across the nation. 
C)  It was a days-long demonstration for railroad workers' rights that angered the government, but because it remained peaceful in nature, none of the events' leaders could be prosecuted. 
D)  Occurring amid a strike in favor of the eight-hour workday, it was what journalists called America's first terrorist bombing and was blamed on anarchist leaders despite a lack of evidence. 
E)  Primarily a demonstration for African American rights in the workplace, it resulted in government officials emerging as martyr figures, as several of them got hurt trying to stop the demonstrators.

Question 9

What was the first industry to contract with "investment banks" to raise capital by selling shares of stock to investors?

Accepted Answer

A)  the electric motor industry 
B)  the railroad industry 
C)  the oil industry 
D)  the agriculture industry 
E)  the textile industry 
A)  the electric motor industry 
B)  the railroad industry 
C)  the oil industry 
D)  the agriculture industry 
E)  the textile industry

Question 10

Match each description with the item below.
-Jane Addams

Accepted Answer

A) organized a week-long march of child workers from Pennsylvania to President Theodore Roosevelt's home in New York 
B) maintained his commitment to high tariffs after the war despite concerns that they would increase consumer prices 
C) led the Knights of Labor and emphasized the strategy of winning political control of the areas around unions 
D) wrote the essay "The Gospel of Wealth," which held that with great wealth came great responsibility 
E) met to form the Industrial Workers of the World but withdrew and went on to become a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
F)was the head of the National Labor Union who died suddenly in 1869, resulting in its support declining
G)was a former Confederate cavalry officer who developed a formula meant to be for medicinal syrup but that would become the origin of Coca Cola
H)organized the Workingmen's Party of California and blasted railroad barons for exploiting the poor
I)invented the telephone, which would become the most valuable patent ever issued
J)convinced middle-class women to enter the so-called real world by engaging in social work 
A) organized a week-long march of child workers from Pennsylvania to President Theodore Roosevelt's home in New York 
B) maintained his commitment to high tariffs after the war despite concerns that they would increase consumer prices 
C) led the Knights of Labor and emphasized the strategy of winning political control of the areas around unions 
D) wrote the essay "The Gospel of Wealth," which held that with great wealth came great responsibility 
E) met to form the Industrial Workers of the World but withdrew and went on to become a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
F)was the head of the National Labor Union who died suddenly in 1869, resulting in its support declining
G)was a former Confederate cavalry officer who developed a formula meant to be for medicinal syrup but that would become the origin of Coca Cola
H)organized the Workingmen's Party of California and blasted railroad barons for exploiting the poor
I)invented the telephone, which would become the most valuable patent ever issued
J)convinced middle-class women to enter the so-called real world by engaging in social work

Question 11

What was the American Federation of Labor (AFL)?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was a group of separate national unions organized by delegates from craft unions and primarily concerned with securing concrete economic gains. 
B)  It was a union that grew rapidly because it only comprised larger manufacturing industries such as steel, textiles, and tobacco. 
C)  It started out as industrial unions that joined with craft unions to increase their bargaining power and adopt a unified identity. 
D)  It was a governmental organization initiated by Congress to get a better sense of workers' needs before passing legislation. 
E)  It was established in response to the thriving organized labor movement signaled by the Homestead Steel strike and Pullman strike. 
A)  It was a group of separate national unions organized by delegates from craft unions and primarily concerned with securing concrete economic gains. 
B)  It was a union that grew rapidly because it only comprised larger manufacturing industries such as steel, textiles, and tobacco. 
C)  It started out as industrial unions that joined with craft unions to increase their bargaining power and adopt a unified identity. 
D)  It was a governmental organization initiated by Congress to get a better sense of workers' needs before passing legislation. 
E)  It was established in response to the thriving organized labor movement signaled by the Homestead Steel strike and Pullman strike.

Question 12

Which of the following statements accurately describes the conditions affecting the industrial development of the United States during the second half of the nineteenth century after the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

A)  The end of the slave labor system following the war irreparably disrupted the national economy in such a way that for the rest of the century, the standard of living declined. 
B)  In response to the horrific practices of slavery, federal and state regulation prioritized the creation of safe workplaces and fair business practices across industries. 
C)  The rising tide of immigrants at the time created a large workforce willing to work for low pay as well as a market of consumers. 
D)  The intense fighting and movement during the war had resulted in the debilitating depletion of natural resources across the country, such as minerals, oil, coal, and iron ore. 
E)  The United States experienced fierce competition with foreign manufacturers resulting from strong wartime alliances, which ultimately slowed domestic growth. 
A)  The end of the slave labor system following the war irreparably disrupted the national economy in such a way that for the rest of the century, the standard of living declined. 
B)  In response to the horrific practices of slavery, federal and state regulation prioritized the creation of safe workplaces and fair business practices across industries. 
C)  The rising tide of immigrants at the time created a large workforce willing to work for low pay as well as a market of consumers. 
D)  The intense fighting and movement during the war had resulted in the debilitating depletion of natural resources across the country, such as minerals, oil, coal, and iron ore. 
E)  The United States experienced fierce competition with foreign manufacturers resulting from strong wartime alliances, which ultimately slowed domestic growth.

Question 13

Many people followed the construction of the transcontinental railroad, as the major newspapers printed sensational stories about it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Andrew Carnegie invented the process that enabled a dramatic increase in steel production.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The railroads were key in helping the United States to emerge as a

Accepted Answer

A)  model in workers' rights. 
B)  largely socialist government. 
C)  racially integrated nation. 
D)  world power. 
E)  country on the brink of war. 
A)  model in workers' rights. 
B)  largely socialist government. 
C)  racially integrated nation. 
D)  world power. 
E)  country on the brink of war.

Question 16

What are holding companies?

Accepted Answer

A)  firms that control the stock of other companies 
B)  corporations that produce and sell their own goods 
C)  a means of focusing on a smaller segment of an industry 
D)  a prominent business structure that illustrated the effectiveness of the Sherman Act 
E)  firms in which union membership was required by all of its participants 
A)  firms that control the stock of other companies 
B)  corporations that produce and sell their own goods 
C)  a means of focusing on a smaller segment of an industry 
D)  a prominent business structure that illustrated the effectiveness of the Sherman Act 
E)  firms in which union membership was required by all of its participants

Question 17

The events of the Lattimer Massacre involved ethnic tensions, not just those between protesters and authorities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Who were the entrepreneurs who pioneered the growth of Big Business? What were their goals, and what strategies did they use to dominate their respective industries?

Accepted Answer

The entrepreneurs who pioneered the grow

Question 19

The Sand-Lot Incident in San Francisco in 1877 was an attack against Chinese immigrants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What role did the federal government play in the nation's economic development during this period?

Accepted Answer

During this period, the federal governme

Exam 17: Business and Labor in the Industrial Era

Which of the following is true of the first transcontinental railroad?

Which of the following accurately describes the events surrounding the Lattimer Massacre?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Molly Maguires?

Discuss the various major strikes that occurred after the Civil War. Include the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, the Homestead strike, and the Pullman strike. What were the similarities and differences with each?

During and after the Civil War, the Republican party supported protective tariffs that raised revenue and protected domestic industry from foreign competition.

Match each description with the item below. -John Smith Pemberton

The term "robber baron" was used to describe executives known for their shady financial practices.

What was the Haymarket Riot of 1886?

What was the first industry to contract with "investment banks" to raise capital by selling shares of stock to investors?

Match each description with the item below. -Jane Addams

What was the American Federation of Labor (AFL)?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the conditions affecting the industrial development of the United States during the second half of the nineteenth century after the Civil War?

Many people followed the construction of the transcontinental railroad, as the major newspapers printed sensational stories about it.

Andrew Carnegie invented the process that enabled a dramatic increase in steel production.

The railroads were key in helping the United States to emerge as a

What are holding companies?

The events of the Lattimer Massacre involved ethnic tensions, not just those between protesters and authorities.

Who were the entrepreneurs who pioneered the growth of Big Business? What were their goals, and what strategies did they use to dominate their respective industries?

The Sand-Lot Incident in San Francisco in 1877 was an attack against Chinese immigrants.

What role did the federal government play in the nation's economic development during this period?

The Collision of Cultures

Englands Colonies

Colonial Ways of Life

From Colonies to States

The American Revolution

Strengthening the New Nation

The Early Republic

The Emergence of a Market Economy

Nationalism and Sectionalism

The Jacksonian Era

The South, Slavery, and King Cotton

Religion, Romanticism, and Reform

Western Expansion

The Gathering Storm

The War of the Union

The Era of Reconstruction

The New South and the New West

Political Stalemate and Rural Revolt

Seizing an American Empire

The Progressive Era

America and the Great War

A Clash of Cultures

The Reactionary Twenties

25

The Second World War

The Cold War and the Fair Deal

Cold War America

A New Frontier and a Great Society

Rebellion and Reaction

Conservative Revival

Twenty-First-Century America

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