Exam 13: Experimentation

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The history effect occurs when events external to an experiment affect the responses of the subjects.

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Causation is established when two variables vary concomitantly.

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In a full factorial design involving three promotion alternatives, three price levels, and four types of advertising, how many conditions would have to be tested?

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Maturation involves changes in respondents that are a consequence of time, such as aging, or getting hungry or tired.

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The before-after randomized control group design eliminates the before-measure effect.

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The longer the time period involved in the experiment, the a.1 b.2 c.3 d.4 e.1 and 4

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In the textbook notation for experimental design

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In marketing studies, the primary source of history effects is the behavior of competitors.

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The factorial design allows a researcher to determine the effect of two variables in one experiment.It can determine main effects and interactive effects.

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The key of experimental work is manipulation of a treatment variable followed by observation of the response variable.

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A causal relationship between an action and an outcome has been confirmed whenever there is evidence of a strong association between the two and evidence that the action preceded the outcome.

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When there is a high degree of association between an action and an outcome, the order in which the action and the outcome occurred is irrelevant to the question of causality.

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America Corporation, a major auto manufacturer, wants to test the effectiveness of its "fair and frank" ad messages in changing the existing negative attitudes of the public toward the company's performance, intentions, and efforts to offer a better product.

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Experiments are used to detect or to confirm causal relationships and to quantify them.

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The main advantage of experimental research over non experimental research is a) it is easier to control the dependent variable b) cause and effect relations can be tested c) interaction between variables do not confound the study d) one can collect more accurate information on the problem e) none of the above

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One way to address causality is to consider the time lag between cause and effect.

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The internal validity of an experiment depends on the extent to which competing explanations for the results are avoided.

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The internal validity of the smoking study above is threatened by the before-measure effect.

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While choosing the experimental design, researchers need to consider the sample size, a suitable run order for the trials, and whether randomization restrictions are involved.

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The ABC Company maintains records of brand share attained in each of its sales regions.It does so by surveying retail stores in these regions every quarter.The company is using an)

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